Test Bank for Political Science An Introduction 14th Edition by Michael Roskin, Robert Cord, James Medeiros, Walter Jones ISBN 0136598268 9780136598268

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ISBN 10: 0136598268
ISBN 13: 9780136598268
Author: Michael Roskin, Robert Cord, James Medeiros, Walter Jones

This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. For courses in Introduction to Political Science Explore the fundamentals of Political Science Revel™ Political Science: An Introduction presents a survey of different political paradigms, viewpoints, and theories designed to encourage students to develop their own political views. Gearing their text toward those learning about the topic for the first time, authors Michael Roskin, Robert Cord, James Medeiros, and Walter Jones balance theoretical abstractions and applied reasoning to equip students with the knowledge to make calm, rational choices and protect themselves from political manipulation. The Updated 14th Edition offers coverage of many of the recent developments that have impacted politics in the U.S. and abroad, such as the rise of demagogic populism and the effects of social media on politics. Revel is Pearson’s newest way of delivering our respected content. Fully digital and highly engaging, Revel replaces the textbook and gives students everything they need for the course. Informed by extensive research on how people read, think, and learn, Revel is an interactive learning environment that enables students to read, practice, and study in one continuous experience — for less than the cost of a traditional textbook. NOTE: Revel is a fully digital delivery of Pearson content. This ISBN is for the standalone Revel access card. In addition to this access card, you will need a course invite link, provided by your instructor, to register for and use Revel.

Political Science An Introduction 14th Table of contents:

Part I The Bases of Politics

Chapter 1 Politics and Political Science

Learning Objectives

What Is Politics?

Political Power

Biological

Psychological

Cultural

Rational

Irrational

Power as a Composite

What Is Political Science?

The Master Science

Can Politics Be Studied as a Science?

The Struggle to See Clearly

Reasoned

Balanced

Supported with Evidence

Theoretical

What Good Is Political Science?

The Subfields of Political Science

Comparing Political Science to History and Journalism

Theory in Political Science

Behavioralism

New Institutionalism

Systems Theory

Rational-Choice Theory

“Political Theory” versus Theory in Political Science

The Normative Study of Politics

The Contractualists

Marxist Theories

Economics

Social Class

History

Chapter 1 in Review: Politics and Political Science

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 2 Political Ideologies

Learning Objectives

What Is Ideology?

Liberalism

Modern Liberalism

Conservatism

Modern Conservatism

Socialism

Social Democracy

Communism

Imperialism

Organization

Maoism and Titoism

Nationalism

Fascism

Ideology in Our Day

The Collapse of Communism

Neoconservatism

Libertarianism

Feminism

Environmentalism

Is Ideology Finished?

Chapter 2 in Review: Political Ideologies

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 3 States

Learning Objectives

Institutionalized Power

Effective, Weak, and Failed States

Unitary or Federal Systems

Unitary Systems

Devolution in Britain

Decentralization in France

Autonomy in Spain

Pros and Cons of Unitary Systems

Federal Systems

Pros and Cons of Federal Systems

Ex-soviet Federalism

Ex-yugoslav Federalism

Canadian Federalism

Electoral Systems

Single-Member Districts

Advantages of Single-Member Districts

Disadvantages of Single-Member Districts

Proportional Representation

Advantages of Proportional Representation

Disadvantages of Proportional Representation

States and the Economy

Chapter 3 in Review: States

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 4 Constitutions and Rights

Learning Objectives

Constitutions

The Highest Law of the Land

The General Nature of Constitutional Law

Constitutions and Constitutional Government

The Purpose of a Constitution

A Statement of National Ideals

Formalizes the Structure of Government

Establishes the Legitimacy of Government

Can Constitutions Ensure Rights?

Civil Liberties and Civil Rights

Minority Groups and Civil Liberties

The Adaptability of the U.S. Constitution

The Right to Bear Arms

Freedom of Expression in the United States

Free Speech and Sedition

Twentieth-Century Sedition Acts

Rights for Terrorists?

Chapter 4 in Review: Constitutions and Rights

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 5 Regimes

Learning Objectives

Representative Democracy

Popular Accountability of Government

Political Competition

Alternation in Power

Uncertain Electoral Outcomes

Popular Representation

Majority Decision

Right of Dissent and Disobedience

Political Equality

Popular Consultation

Free Press

Democracy in Practice: Elitism or Pluralism?

Totalitarianism

What Is Totalitarianism?

An All-Encompassing Ideology

A Single Party

Organized Terror

Monopoly of Communications

Monopoly of Weapons

Controlled Economy

Image and Reality of Total Control

Right-Wing Totalitarianism

Authoritarianism

Authoritarianism and the Developing Nations

The Democratization of Authoritarian Regimes

Chapter 5 in Review: Regimes

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Part II Political Attitudes

Chapter 6 Political Culture

Learning Objectives

What Is Political Culture?

Political Culture and Public Opinion

Participation in America

The Decay of Political Culture

Elite and Mass Subcultures

Minority Subcultures

Political Socialization

The Agents of Socialization

The Family

The School

Peer Groups

The Mass Media

The Government

Chapter 6 in Review: Political Culture

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 7 Public Opinion

Learning Objectives

What Public Opinion Is and Isn’t

The Shape of Public Opinion

Social Class

Education

Region

Religion

Age

Gender

Race and Ethnicity

Elite and Mass Opinion

Public-Opinion Polls

Polling Techniques

Sampling from a Population

Reaching the Sample

Asking the Questions

How Reliable Are the Polls?

American Opinion

Presidential Ratings

Liberals and Conservatives

Who Pays Attention?

Is Polling Fair?

Should the United States Be Governed by Polls?

Chapter 7 in Review: Public Opinion

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Part III Political Interactions

Chapter 8 Political Communication

Learning Objectives

The Mass Media and Politics

Modern Mass Media

Newspapers

Radio

The News Services

The Elite Media

Social Media

The Giant: Television

Television News

Television and Politics

Nomination by Television

Television and Apathy

Television Ownership and Control

Are We Poorly Served?

What Can Be Done?

The Adversaries: Media and Government

Chapter 8 in Review: Political Communication

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 9 Interest Groups

Learning Objectives

The Ubiquity of Interest Groups

Interest Groups and Political Parties

Goals

Nature of Memberships

Who Belongs to Interest Groups?

Interest Groups and Government

Government-Created Interest Groups

Bureaucrats as an Interest Group

Effective Interest Groups

The Rise of Big Money

The Rise of Single-Issue Groups

Size and Membership

Access

Interest-Group Strategies

Approaching Lawmakers

Approaching the Administration

Approaching the Judiciary

Appeals to the Public

Demonstrations

Violent Protest

Interest Groups: An Evaluation

Skewing Policy

Stalemating Political Power

Chapter 9 in Review: Interest Groups

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 10 Parties

Learning Objectives

Functions of Parties

A Bridge Between People and Government

Aggregation of Interests

Integration into the Political System

Political Socialization

Mobilization of Voters

Organization of Government

Parties in Democracies

Centralization

Setting Government Policy

Party Participation in Government

Financing the Party

Classifying Political Parties

Communist Parties

Party Systems

Classifying Party Systems

One-Party Systems

Dominant-Party Systems

Two-Party Systems

Multiparty Systems

Two-Plus Party Systems

Fluid Party Systems

The Party System and the Electoral System

The Fragmentation of Party Systems

Chapter 10 in Review: Parties

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 11 Elections

Learning Objectives

Why Do People Vote?

Who Votes?

Income and Education

Race

Age

Gender

Place of Residence

Who Votes How?

Partisan Identification

Class Voting

Regional Voting

Race and Ethnicity

Religious Blocs

Age Groups

Gender Gap

Marriage Gap

LGBTQ Gap

Urban Voting

Electoral Realignment

A New Realignment?

What Wins Elections?

Retrospective Voting

Candidate Strategies and Voter Groups

Chapter 11 in Review: Elections

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Part IV Political Institutions

Chapter 12 Legislatures

Learning Objectives

The Origins of Parliaments

Presidential and Parliamentary Systems

Separation and Fusion of Powers

Advantages of Parliamentary Systems

Bicameral or Unicameral?

What Legislatures Do

The Committee System

A Closer Look at Legislatures

Lawmaking

Constituency Work

Supervision and Criticism of Government

Education

Representation

The Decline of Legislatures

Structural Disadvantages

Overspending

Incomprehensible Legislation

Lack of Expertise

Psychological Disadvantages

The Absentee Problem

Lack of Turnover

The Dilemma of Parliaments

Chapter 12 in Review: Legislatures

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 13 Executives and Bureaucracies

Learning Objectives

Presidents and Prime Ministers

“Forming a Government” in Britain

Constructive No-Confidence in Germany

Cohabitation in France

The Presidentialization of Prime Ministers

Executive Terms

Executive Leadership

The Danger of Expecting Too Much

Cabinets

Who Serves in a Cabinet?

Bureaucracies

The United States

Communist Countries

France

Germany

Britain

Japan

The Trouble with Bureaucracy

Chapter 13 in Review: Executive and Bureaucracies

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 14 Law and Politics

Learning Objectives

Types of Law

Criminal Law

Civil Law

Constitutional Law

Administrative Law

International Law

The Courts, the Bench, and the Bar

The U.S. Court System

The National Court Structure

The State Court System

Judges

Federal Judges

State Judges

Comparing Courts

The Anglo-American Adversarial and Accusatorial Process

British Courts

Selection and Tenure of Judges

The Lawyer’s Role

European Court Systems

The European Inquisitorial Process

The Lawyer’s Role

Courts in Russia

The Role of the Courts

The U.S. Supreme Court

The Supreme Court’s Political Role

The Views of Justices

The Supreme Court’s Political Impact

Civil Rights

Criminal Procedure

Legislative Reapportionment

The Post-Warren Courts

The Rise of the Originalists

Chapter 14 in Review: Law and Politics

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Part V What Political Systems Do

Chapter 15 Political Economy

Learning Objectives

What Is Political Economy?

Government and the Economy

Inflation

Tax Hike

Balance of Payments

Floating the Dollar

Wage-Price Freeze

Oil Shocks

Stagflation

Interest Rates

Tax Cuts

Budget Deficits

Trade Deficits

Government Debt

Fiscal Cliff

Inequality

Bubbles

What is Poverty?

Welfare versus Entitlements

The Costs of Welfare

Food Stamps

Welfare Reform

Healthcare Reform

How Big Should Government Be?

Chapter 15 in Review: Political Economy

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 16 Violence and Revolution

Learning Objectives

System Breakdown

Violence as a Symptom

Types of Violence

Primordial

Separatist

Revolutionary

Coups

Issues

Change as a Cause of Violence

Terrorism

Revolutions

Intellectuals and Revolution

The Stages of Revolution

The Old Regime Decays

The First Stage of Revolution

At First, Moderates Take Over

The Extremists Take Over

A “Thermidor” ends The Reign of Terror

After the Revolution

Chapter 16 in Review: Revolution and Violence

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Chapter 17 International Relations

Learning Objectives

What Is International Relations?

Power and National Interest

The Importance of Economics

Why War?

Micro Theories

Macro Theories

Balance of Power

Hierarchy of Power

Misperception

Keeping Peace

World Government

Collective Security

Functionalism

Third-Party Assistance

Diplomacy

Peacekeeping

Beyond Sovereignty?

The United Nations

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization

U.S. Foreign Policy: Involved or Isolated?

Cycles of U.S. Foreign Policy

The United States in a Dangerous World

Chapter 17 in Review: International Relations

Review Questions

Key Terms

Further Reference

Glossary

Index

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Tags: Michael Roskin, Robert Cord, James Medeiros, Walter Jones, Political Science, An Introduction