Plasma Physics for Astrophysics 1st edition by Russell Kulsrud – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 0691120730 , 978-0691120737
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ISBN 10: 0691120730
ISBN 13: 978-0691120737
Author: Russell Kulsrud
In this book, a distinguished expert introduces plasma physics from the ground up, presenting it as a comprehensible field that can be grasped largely on the basis of physical intuition and qualitative reasoning, similar to other fields of physics. Plasmas are ionized gases that can be found in a hydrogen bomb explosion, the confinement chamber of an experimental fusion reactor, the solar corona, the aurora borealis, the interstellar medium, and the immediate vicinity of a gravitational black hole. Not surprisingly, plasma physics appears to consist of numerous topics arising independently from astrophysics, fusion physics, and other practical applications, and hence it remains a field poorly understood even by many astrophysicists. But, in fact, most of these topics can be approached from the same perspective, with a simple, physical intuition.
Selecting simple examples and presenting them in a simultaneously intuitive and rigorous manner, Russell Kulsrud guides readers through a careful derivation of the results and allows them to think through the physics for themselves. Thus, they are better prepared for complex cases and more general results. The first eleven chapters present topics by their importance to plasma physics while the last three chapters emphasize the field’s astrophysical applications, applying the results accrued earlier. Throughout, many problems illustrate the field’s applications. Based on a course the author taught for many years, Plasma Physics for Astrophysics is intended for graduate students as well as for working astrophysicists.
Plasma Physics for Astrophysics 1st Table of contents:
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 How Do We Describe a Plasma and Its Electromagnetic Fields?
References
Chapter 2. Particle Motions
2.1 Motion in a Uniform Magnetic Field
2.2 Motion of a Particle in a Nonuniform Magnetic Field
2.3 Magnetic Mirrors
2.4 Polarization Drift
2.5 Adiabatic Invariants
2.6 The Motion of Trapped Particles in the Magnetosphere
2.7 Particle Motion and Macroscopic Force Balance
2.8 Problems
References
Chapter 3. Magnetohydrodynamics
3.1 The Basic Equations
3.2 Flux Freezing
3.3 Applications of Flux Freezing
3.3.1 The Symmetric Cases
3.3.2 Stellar Collapse
3.3.3 The Solar Wind and the Magnetosphere
3.3.4 Stellar Formation and the Angular Momentum Problem
3.3.5 Magnetic Fields in Turbulence
3.4 Io and Jupiter
3.5 Motions of Lines of Force in a Vacuum
3.6 The Validity of the MHD Equations
3.7 Pulsar Magnetospheres
3.8 Problems
References
Chapter 4. Conservation Relations
4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Lorentz Force
4.3 Conservation of Linear Momentum
4.4 Conservation of Angular Momentum
4.5 Conservation of Energy
4.6 The Virial Theorem
4.7 The Action Principle for MHD
4.8 Lundquist’s Identity
4.9 Axisymmetry
4.10 Problems
References
Chapter 5. MHD Waves
5.1 The Basic Equations
5.2 The Intermediate Wave
5.3 The Fast and Slow Modes
5.3.1 The Nature of the Fast and Slow Modes
5.3.2 The Friedricks Diagram
5.4 The Number of Modes
5.5 Wave Energy and Momentum
5.6 Waves in Nonuniform Media
5.6.1 The Variation in Amplitude
5.6.2 Wave Pressure
5.7 Problems
References
Chapter 6. Nonlinear Steepening and Shocks
6.1 Nonlinear Steepening
6.2 Shocks
6.3 MHD Shocks
6.4 The Shock Thickness and Collisionless Shock Waves
6.5 Problems
References
Chapter 7. The Energy Principle and Instabilities
7.1 Stability
7.2 The Energy Principle
7.3 Instabilities
7.3.1 The Interchange Instability
7.3.2 The Parker Instability
7.3.3 The Interchange without Gravity
7.3.4 Line Tying and Shear
7.4 The Magnetorotational Instability (MRI)
7.5 Problems
References
Chapter 8. Collisions and the Braginski Equations
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Binary Collisions
8.3 The Fokker–Planck Equation
8.4 Collision Rates
8.5 The Space-Dependent Fokker–Planck Equation
8.6 The Fluid Equations
8.7 Transport Effects
8.8 The Braginski Equations
8.9 Properties of the Transport Coefficients
8.10 Summary
8.11 An Example
8.12 Maxwellian Collisions
8.13 Problems
References
Chapter 9. Collisionless Plasmas
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Dispersion Relation for Cold Plasma Waves
9.3 Parallel Propagation
9.4 The Number of Waves
9.5 Perpendicular Propagation
9.6 Propagation in a General Direction
9.7 The Cold Plasma Approximation
9.8 Faraday Rotation and Magnetic Fields
9.9 Bremsstrahlung
9.10 Wave Energy
9.11 Problems
References
Chapter 10. Collisionless Plasmas:Thermal Effects
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Ion Acoustic Waves
10.3 The Dielectric Constant
10.4 Landau Damping
10.5 Physical Picture of Landau Damping
10.6 Types of Resonances
10.7 The Drift Kinetic Equation
10.8 Problems
References
Chapter 11. Nonlinear Phenomena
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Wave–Particle Interactions
11.3 Wave–Wave Interactions
11.4 Mode Decay
11.5 Nonlinear Landau Damping
11.6 Particle Trapping
11.7 The Wave Kinetic Equation
11.8 Kolmogoroff Turbulence
11.9 MHD Turbulence
11.9.1 An Exact Solution
11.9.2 The Wave Interactions
11.9.3 The Goldreich–Sridhar Theory
11.10 Problems
References
Chapter 12. Cosmic Rays
12.1 Physical Properties of Cosmic Rays
12.2 Pitch-Angle Scattering of Cosmic Rays by Alfven Waves
12.3 The Cosmic-Ray Alfven-Wave Instability
12.4 Quasilinear Diffusion of Cosmic Rays
12.5 A Model for Cosmic-Ray Propagation with Sources and Sinks
12.6 Cosmic-Ray Pressure and Energy
12.7 Fermi Acceleration and Shock Acceleration of Cosmic Rays
12.8 Problems
References
Chapter 13. Astrophysical Dynamos
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Cowling’s Theorem
13.3 Parker’s Model for the Earth’s Dynamo
13.4 The Mean Field Dynamo Theory
13.4.1 Derivation of the Mean Field Equations
13.4.2 The Growth Rate of Dynamo Modes in the Galactic Disk
13.5 Protogalactic Origin of the Magnetic Field
13.5.1 The Biermann Battery
13.5.2 The Protogalactic Dynamo
13.6 Small-Scale Fields
13.7 Problems
References
Chapter 14. Magnetic Reconnection
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The Sweet–Parker Model of Magnetic Reconnection
14.3 The Uzdensky Model
14.4 Comparison of the Sweet–Parker Model with Observations
14.5 Petschek’s Model for Magnetic Reconnection
14.6 Non-MHD Reconnection
14.7 Anomalous Resistivity
14.8 Petschek Reconnection Revisited
14.9 Which Is the Correct Reconnection Velocity?
14.10 The Case When the Guide Field Is Nonzero
14.11 Hall Reconnection
14.12 Problems
References
Suggested Further Reading
Index
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