Visualizing Geology 4th edition by Barbara Murck, Brian Skinner – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1118996518 , 978-1118996515
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ISBN 10: 1118996518
ISBN 13: 978-1118996515
Author: Barbara Murck, Brian Skinner
The newly revised Fourth Edition of Visualizing Geology, WileyPLUS NextGen Card and Loose-leaf Set Single Semester delivers an authoritative and thorough exploration of introductory Earth system science and geology in the distinctive style of the Wiley Visualizing series. Students learn about the three grand geologic cycles – tectonic, rock, and water – and how they interact to create and shape the geologic features we see and experience. This single-semester loose-leaf set includes access to the renowned WileyPLUS NextGen digital learning environment, an indispensable pedagogical addition to any classroom.
Visualizing Geology 4th Table of contents:
1 Earth as a Planet
What Is Geology?
The Branches of Geology
Science and the Scientific Method
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Faces and places of geology
Earth system science
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: An Island Is Not a Closed System
Earth’s Interconnected Subsystems
CASE STUDY: Extremophiles: Where Can Life Exist?
Earth in Space
Our Solar System
The Origin of the Solar System
AMAZING PLACES: Gosses Bluff, Australia
What Makes Earth Unique?
The Ever-Changing Earth
Uniformitarianism
Time and Change
Why Study Geology?
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: Earth Impact Database
2 Earth Materials
Elements and Compounds
Elements and Atoms
Isotopes and Ions
Compounds, Molecules, and Bonding
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Thinking critically about the four types of bonding
What Is a Mineral?
Composition and Structure of Minerals
Telling Minerals Apart
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: A “Mystery Mineral”
AMAZING PLACES: The Naica Mine, Chihuahua, Mexico
CASE STUDY: Minerals for Adornment
Mineral Families
Minerals of Earth’s Crust
Silicates: The Most Important Rock-Formers
Other Important Mineral Families
Rock: A First Look
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic Rock
WHERE GEOLOGIST CLICK: National Geographic Photo Gallery: Rocks
What Holds Rock Together?
3 How Old is Old? The Rock Record and Geologic Time
Relative Age
The Stratigraphic Record
Gaps in the Stratigraphic Record
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Strata and the principles of stratigraphy
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: The Principle of Cross-Cutting Relationships
AMAZING PLACES : Famous Unconformities
Fossils and Correlation
The Geologic Column
Eons and Eras
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: The geologic column
Periods and Epochs
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: Lunar and Planetary Institute Timeline
Numerical Age
Early Attempts to Determine Numerical Age
Radioactivity and Numerical Ages
Radiometric Dating
Magnetic Polarity Dating
The Age of Earth
Earth’s Oldest Rocks
CASE STUDY: Dating Human Ancestors
The Extraterrestrial Connection
4 Plate Tectonics
A Revolution in Geology
Continental Drift
Wegener’s Evidence
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Reconstructing Pangaea
Paleomagnetism and Apparent Polar Wandering
The Missing Clue: Seafloor Spreading
The Plate Tectonic Model
Plate Tectonics in a Nutshell
Types of Plate Margins
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: Google Earth: Earthquakes and Volcanoes
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: The Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Plate margins and earthquakes
A Mechanism for Plate Motion
AMAZING PLACES: The Hawaiian Islands: Hot Spot Volcanoes
The Tectonic Cycle: Past, Present, Future
5 Earthquakes and Earth’s Interior
Earthquakes and Earthquake Hazards
Earthquakes and Plate Motion
Earthquake Hazards and Readiness
CASE STUDY: The Great Sumatra–Andaman Earthquake and Tsunami
Earthquake forecasting
The Science of Seismology
Seismographs
Seismic Waves
Locating Earthquakes
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Seismic waves
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: USGS Earthquake Hazards Program
Measuring Earthquakes
Studying Earth’s Interior
Seismic Methods for Studying Earth’s Interior
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Earthquake Magnitude and Damage
Other Methods for Studying Earth’s Interior
A Multilayered Planet
The Crust
The Mantle
The Core
AMAZING PLACES: Point Reyes and the San Andreas Fault, California
6 Volcanoes and Igneous Rocks
Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: The USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory
Eruptions, Landforms, and Materials
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Volcanoes and styles of eruption
Volcanic Hazards
Predicting Eruptions
CASE STUDY: Plinian Eruption in the Philippines
How, Why, and Where Rock Melts
Heat and Pressure
Magma and Lava
Cooling and Crystallization
Cooling Rates and Rock Textures
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Lava types and tectonic settings
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Putting Rocks under a Microscope
Chemical Composition
Fractional Crystallization
Plutons and Plutonism
Batholiths and Stocks
AMAZING PLACES: Sierra Nevada Batholith and Yosemite National Park
Dikes and Sills
7 Weathering and Erosion
Weathering—The First Step in the Rock Cycle
Weathering: How Rock Disintegrates
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Joint Formation
Mechanical Weathering
AMAZING PLACES: Monadnock—and Monadnocks
Chemical Weathering
Factors Affecting Weathering
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Factors affecting rates of weathering
Products of Weathering
Sediment
Soil
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: Virtual Soil Science Learning Resources
Soil Profiles and Horizons
Soil Management
CASE STUDY: The “Little Grand Canyon”
Erosion and Mass Wasting
Erosion by Water
Wrosion by Wind
Wrosion by Ice
Gravity and Mass Wasting
8 From Sediment to Sedimentary Rock
Sediment
Clastic Sediment
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Sorting, roundness, and sphericity
Chemical Sediment
Biogenic Sediment
Depositional Environments
Transport and Deposition of Sediment
Depositional Environments on Land
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Transport of sediment
Depositional Environments in and near the Ocean
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: The National Park Service: Arches National Park
Sedimentary Rock
Rock Beds
Lithification
AMAZING PLACES: The Navajo Sandstone
Types of Sedimentary Rock
Interpreting Environmental Clues
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Atmospheric Change, Recorded in Rock
Sedimentary Facies
CASE STUDY: Sediment Deposition and Human History
How Plate Tectonics Affects Sedimentation
Divergent Plate Boundaries—Rift Valleys
Convergent Plate Boundaries—Continental Collisions
Convergent Plate Boundaries—Subduction Zones
9 Folds, Faults, and Geologic Maps
Rock Deformation
Stress and Strain
Brittle and Ductile Deformation
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: How solids deform
Where Rock Deformation Occurs
Structural Geology
Strike and Dip
Faults and Fractures
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Stresses and the faults they cause
AMAZING PLACES: The Canadian Rockies
Folds
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Monocline
Geologic Maps
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: National Geologic Maps Database
Topographic Maps
Making and Interpreting Geologic Maps
Geologic Cross Sections
CASE STUDY: The Map That Changed the World
10 Metamorphism: New Rock from Old
What Is Metamorphism?
The Physical Limits of Metamorphism
Factors Influencing Metamorphism
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: From Sedimentary Rock to Metamorphic Rock
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Metamorphic Geology at the Roadside
CASE STUDY: Metamorphism and Billiards
Metamorphic Rock
Metamorphic Rocks with Foliation
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: Imperial College Rock Library: Metamorphic Rocks
AMAZING PLACES: The Source of Olmec Jade
Metamorphic Rocks Without Foliation
Types of Metamorphism
Contact Metamorphism
Burial Metamorphism
Regional Metamorphism
Shock and Cataclastic Metamorphism
Metasomatism
Metamorphic Zones and Facies
Metamorphic Zones and Index Minerals
Metamorphic Facies
11 Water On and Under the Ground
The Hydrologic Cycle
Water in the Earth System
Pathways and Reservoirs
How Water Affects the Land
Streams and Channels
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Three kinds of streams
Stream Deposits
Large-Scale Topography of Stream Systems
Lakes
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Drainage Basins
Water as a Hazard and a Resource
Floods
Surface Water Resources
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Principal watersheds of the world
CASE STUDY: Mono Lake and the Los Angeles Water Supply
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: The United Nations: UN Water
Fresh Water Underground
How Groundwater Moves
Where Groundwater is Stored
Groundwater Depletion and Contamination
When Groundwater Dissolves Rock
AMAZING PLACES: Lechuguilla Cave
12 The Ocean and the Atmosphere
The Ocean
Ocean Basins
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: The hydrosphere
The Composition of Seawater
Layers in the Ocean
Ocean Currents
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: NOAA Ocean Explorer
Where Ocean Meets Land
Changes in Sea Level
WHAT A GEOLO GIST SEES: What Causes Tides?
Waves
Shorelines and Coastal Landforms
CASE STUDY: The Chandeleurs and the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill
AMAZING PLACES: The Florida Keys Reef
The Atmosphere
Composition of Earth’s Atmosphere
Layers in the Atmosphere
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: The atmosphere
Movement in the Atmosphere
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: NASA Ozone Hole Watch
Where Ocean Meets Atmosphere
Ocean–Atmosphere–Climate Interactions
Tropical Cyclones
El Niño and La Niña
13 Climatic Extremes: Deserts and Glaciers
Deserts and Drylands
Types of Deserts
Wind Erosion
Desert Landforms
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Dune varieties
Desertification and Land Degradation
Ever-Changing Deserts
Mitigating Land Degradation
CASE STUDY: The Sahel and the Dust Bowl
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification
Glaciers and Ice Sheets
Components of the Cryosphere
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: National Snow and Ice Data Center
AMAZING PLACES: The Northwest Passage
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Glaciers and ice caps
Ever-Changing Glaciers
The Glacial Landscape
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Glacial landforms
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Periglacial Landforms
14 Earth’s Climates: Past, Present, Future
The Climate System
Components of the Climate System
Present-Day Climates
Natural Causes of Climate Change
External Influences on Climate
CASE STUDY: Wetter Times in Wadi Kufra
Internal Influences on Climate
Feedbacks
AMAZING PLACES: Fossil Forests of the High Arctic
The Record of Past Climate Change
Evidence of Climate Change
Climate Proxies
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Climate proxy records
Earth’s Past Climates
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Climate Data in Ice Cores
Predicting the Future
What We Know
What We Think We Know
The Big Uncertainties
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Fifth Assessment Report
15 A Brief History of Life on Earth
Ever-Changing Earth
Early Earth
An Oxygenated Atmosphere
The Other Side of the Oxygen Story
Early Life
Life in Three Not-So-Easy Steps
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Three steps to life
Archean and Proterozoic Life
Evolution and the Fossil Record
Evolution and Natural Selection
CASE STUDY: Darwin and the Galápagos Finches
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: Charles Darwin Foundation
How Fossils Form
Life in the Phanerozoic Eon
WHAT A GEOLOGIST SEES: Life in the Cambrian Period
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Timeline of life
The Paleozoic Era
AMAZING PLACES: The Burgess Shale
From Sea to Land
The Mesozoic Era
The Cenozoic Era
Mass Extinctions
16 Understanding Earth’s Resources
Renewable and Nonrenewable Resources
Natural Resources and Ancient History
Resource Replenishment and Depletion
Resources and Modern Society
AMAZING PLACES: Saugus Iron Works
Fossil Fuels
Peat and Coal
Petroleum
Nontraditional Hydrocarbons
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: Traps for oil and gas
Relying on Fossil Fuels
Renewable Energy Resources
Power from Sun, Wind, and Water
Nuclear and Geothermal Power
Mineral Resources
CASE STUDY: What Should Be Done with Nuclear Waste?
Looking for Mineral Resources
The Formation of Mineral Deposits
WHERE GEOLOGISTS CLICK: USGS Mineral Resources Program
GEOLOGY INSIGHT: How mineral deposits are formed
WHAT A GEOLO GIST SEES: Observing the Formation of Hydrothermal Mineral Deposits
Plate Tectonic Controls on Ore Deposits
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