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ISBN 10: 1577664256
ISBN 13: 9781577664253
Author: Thomas H Courtney
This outstanding text offers a comprehensive treatment of the principles of the mechanical behavior of materials. Appropriate for senior and graduate courses, it is distinguished by its focus on the relationship between macroscopic properties, material microstructure, and fundamental concepts of bonding and crystal structure. The current, second edition retains the original edition’s extensive coverage of nonmetallics while increasing coverage of ceramics, composites, and polymers that have emerged as structural materials in their own right and are now competitive with metals in many applications. It contains new case studies, includes solved example problems, and incorporates real-life examples. Because of the book’s extraordinary breadth and depth, adequate coverage of all of the material requires two full semesters of a typical three-credit course. Since most curricula do not have the luxury of allocating this amount of time to mechanical behavior of materials, the text has been designed so that material can be culled or deleted with ease. Instructors can select topics they wish to emphasize and are able to proceed at any level they consider appropriate.
Mechanical Behavior of Materials 2nd: Table of contents:
Chapter 1: Overview of Mechanical Behavior
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Elastic Deformation
1.3 Permanent Deformation
A. The Tension Test
B. Strain-Rate Sensitivity
C. Yielding Under Multiaxial Loading Conditions
D. Mohr’s Circle
E. The Hardness Test
F. The Torsion Test
1.4 Fracture
A. Fracture Toughness
B. Tensile Fracture
C. Creep Fracture
D. Fatigue Fracture
E. Embrittlement
1.5 Summary
Chapter 2: Elastic Behavior
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Range of Elastic Moduli
2.3 Additional Elastic Properties
2.4 Basis for Linear Elasticity
2.5 Anisotropic Linear Elasticity
2.6 Rubber Elasticity
2.7 Polymer Elasticity and Viscoelasticity
2.8 Mechanical Damping
2.9 Summary
Chapter 3: Dislocations
3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Yield Strength of a Perfect Crystal
3.3 The Edge Dislocation
A. Slip by Edge Dislocation Motion
B. Climb of Edge Dislocations
C. Topological Considerations
D. Motion of Edge Dislocations Containing Jogs
3.4 Screw and Mixed Dislocations
A. Slip by Screw Dislocation Motion
B. Slip by Mixed Dislocation Motion
3.5 Twinning
3.6 Properties of Dislocations
A. Dislocation Stress Fields
B. Dislocation Energies
C. Forces Between Dislocations
D. Kinks in Dislocations
E. Dislocation Velocities
3.7 Dislocation Geometry and Crystal Structure
A. Slip Systems
B. Partial Dislocations
C. Dislocations in Nonmetallic Materials
D. Slip and Dislocations in Ordered Structures
3.8 Intersection of Moving Dislocations
A. Jogs on Dislocations
B. Dislocation Multiplication
C. Dislocation Arrangements at High Dislocation Densities
3.9 Dislocation Density and Macroscopic Strain
3.10 Summary
Chapter 4: Plastic Deformation in Single and Polycrystalline Materials
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Initiation of Plastic Flow in Single Crystals
4.3 Stress-Strain Behavior of Single Crystals
4.4 Plastic Flow in Polycrystals
4.5 Plastic-Flow Behavior and Material Class
4.6 Geometrically Necessary Dislocations
4.7 Summary
Chapter 5: Strengthening of Crystalline Materials
5.1 Introduction
5.2 General Description of Strengthening
5.3 Work Hardening
5.4 Boundary Strengthening
5.5 Solid-Solution Strengthening
5.6 Particle Hardening
A. Deforming Particles
B. Nondeforming Particles
C. The Transition from Cutting to Bowing and the Maximum Particle Hardening
5.7 Strain-Gradient Hardening
5.8 Deformation of Two-Phase Aggregates
5.9 Strength, Microstructure, and Processing: Case Studies
A. Patented Steel Wire
B. Steel Martensites
C. Ausformed Steels
D. Microalloyed Steels
E. Precipitation-Hardened Aluminum Alloys
5.10 Summary
Chapter 6: Composite Materials
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Basic Principles of Reinforcement
6.3 Particle Reinforcement
6.4 Reinforcement with Aligned Continuous Fibers
6.5 Reinforcement with Discontinuous Fibers
6.6 Fiber Orientation Effects
6.7 Statistical Failure of Composites
6.8 Strain-Rate Effects
6.9 Microscopic Effects
6.10 Reinforcement of Brittle Matrices
6.11 Modern Composite Materials
A. Fibers
B. Matrices
6.12 Summary
Chapter 7: High-Temperature Deformation of Crystalline Materials
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Phenomenological Description of Creep
7.3 Creep Mechanisms
A. Dislocation Glide at Low Temperature
B. Diffusional Flow Creep Mechanisms
C. Creep Mechanisms Involving Dislocation and Diffusional Flow
D. Creep in Two-Phase Alloys
E. Independent and Sequential Processes
F. Summary
7.4 Deformation Mechanism Maps
7.5 Materials Aspects of Creep Design
A. Creep Resistance as Related to Material Properties and Structure
B. Case Studies
7.6 Engineering Estimates of Creep Behavior
7.7 Superplasticity
A. Strain-Rate Sensitivity and Superplastic Behavior
B. Experimental Observations of Superplasticity
C. Mechanisms of Superplasticity
7.8 Hot Working of Metals
A. Description of Hot Working
B. Dynamic Recovery and Recrystallization
7.9 Summary
Chapter 8: Deformation of Noncrystalline Materials
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Crystalline versus Noncrystalline Structures
8.3 Viscosity
8.4 The Deformation Behavior of Inorganic Glasses
8.5 Deformation of Metallic Glasses
8.6 Deformation of Polymeric Materials
A. Polymer Chemistry and Structure
B. Deformation of Noncrystalline Polymers
C. Deformation of Crystalline Polymers
D. Structure-Property Relationships and Use of Polymers
8.7 Summary
Chapter 9: Fracture Mechanics
9.1 Introduction
9.2 The Theoretical Strength of a Solid
9.3 Crack-Initiated Fracture
9.4 Fracture Mechanics
A. Design Philosophy
B. Crack Propagation Modes
C. Plane Stress and Plane Strain
D. Test Methods
E. Case Studies and Examples
9.5 Fracture Toughness and Material Class
9.6 The Charpy Impact Test
9.7 Fracture of Brittle Nonmetallics
A. Ceramic “Strengths”
B. The Statistics of Brittle Fracture
9.8 Summary
Chapter 10: Toughening Mechanisms and the Physics of Fracture
10.1 Introduction
10.2 Toughening in Metals
10.3 Toughening in Ceramics
A. Thermal Stresses
B. Toughening Due to Crack Deflection and Geometry
C. Microcrack Toughening
D. Transformation Toughening
E. Crack Bridging
10.4 Toughening in Composites
A. Crack Bridging with Brittle Fibers
B. Crack Bridging with a Ductile Phase
10.5 Toughening in Polymers
10.6 Types of Low-Temperature Tensile Fracture
10.7 The Relation Among Bonding, Crystal Structure, and Fracture
A. Fracture of Face-Centered Cubic Metals
B. Fracture of Body-Centered Cubic Transition Metals
C. Fracture of the Hexagonal Close-Packed Metals
D. Fracture of the Alkali Halides
E. Fracture of the Refractory Oxides
F. Fracture of Covalent Solids
G. Synopsis
10.8 Mode II Brittle Fracture
A. Mode II Fracture Initiated by Slip Incompatibility
B. Mode II Fracture in bcc Transition Metals
10.9 Mode III Brittle Fracture
10.10 Ductile Fracture
10.11 Summary
Chapter 11: High-Temperature Fracture
11.1 Introduction
11.2 High-Temperature Fracture Modes
11.3 High-Temperature Fracture-Mechanism Maps
11.4 Intergranular Creep Fracture
A. Overview
B. Void Nucleation
C. Void Growth
11.5 Design and Materials Considerations
A. Design Considerations
B. Materials Considerations
11.6 Failure in Superplastic Materials
11.7 Summary
Chapter 12: Fatigue of Engineering Materials
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Characteristics of Fatigue Fracture
12.3 Evaluation of Fatigue Resistance
12.4 Fatigue-Crack Growth Rates
12.5 Design Against Fatigue
12.6 Cyclic Stress-Strain Behavior
12.7 Creep-Fatigue Interactions
12.8 Polymeric Fatigue
A. Stress (Strain) Amplitude and Polymeric Fatigue Life
B. Fatigue-Crack Growth
C. Polymeric Cyclical Stress-Strain Behavior
D. Temperature Effects
12.9 Fatigue of Composites
12.10 Summary
Chapter 13: Embrittlement
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Metal Embrittlement
A. Characteristics
B. Mechanisms
13.3 Stress-Corrosion Cracking
A. Characteristics
B. Mechanisms
C. Corrosion Fatigue
13.4 Hydrogen Embrittlement
A. Characteristics
B. Mechanisms
13.5 Impurity-Atom Embrittlement
A. Characteristics
B. Mechanisms
13.6 Radiation Damage
A. Neutron Interactions
B. Radiation Embrittlement
C. Swelling
D. Radiation Creep
13.7 Embrittlement of Inorganic Glasses and Ceramics
13.8 Polymer Embrittlement
13.9 Summary
Chapter 14: Cellular Solids
14.1 Introduction
14.2 The Geometries and Densities of Cellular Solids
14.3 Compressive Behavior of Cellular Solids
A. Overview
B. Compressive Elastic Behavior of Cellular Solids
C. The Plateau Stress
D. Densification
E. Synopsis
14.4 Energy Absorption in Cellular Solids
14.5 Sandwich Panels
A. Elastic Properties of Sandwich Panels
B. Sandwich Panel Failure Modes
14.6 Summary
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