An Advanced Introduction to Semantics A Meaning Text Approach 1st Edition by Igor Mell cuk, Jasmina Milicevic ISBN 1108631630 9781108631631

An Advanced Introduction to Semantics A Meaning-Text Approach 1st Edition by Igor Mell cuk, Jasmina Milicevic – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1108631630, 9781108631631
Full dowload An Advanced Introduction to Semantics A Meaning-Text Approach 1st Edition after payment

Product details:

ISBN 10: 1108631630
ISBN 13: 9781108631631
Author: Igor Mell cuk, Jasmina Milicevic

This book is an advanced introduction to semantics that presents this crucial component of human language through the lens of the ‘Meaning-Text’ theory – an approach that treats linguistic knowledge as a huge inventory of correspondences between thought and speech. Formally, semantics is viewed as an organized set of rules that connect a representation of meaning (Semantic Representation) to a representation of the sentence (Deep-Syntactic Representation). The approach is particularly interesting for computer assisted language learning, natural language processing and computational lexicography, as our linguistic rules easily lend themselves to formalization and computer applications. The model combines abstract theoretical constructions with numerous linguistic descriptions, as well as multiple practice exercises that provide a solid hands-on approach to learning how to describe natural language semantics.

An Advanced Introduction to Semantics A Meaning-Text Approach 1st Table of contents:

PART I FUNDAMENTALS

1 Semantics in Language and Linguistics

1 Semantics and Its Place in Language and Linguistics

2 Doing Semantics with Meaning-Text Linguistic Theory

2.1 Language as Meaning-Text Correspondence

2.2 Modeling Meaning-Text Correspondence

2.2.1 Functional Models of Language

2.2.2 The Stratificational Character of Language Models

2.2.3 Language Modeling from Meaning to Text: Primacy of the Speaker

2.3 Tasks of the Semantic Module of a Meaning-Text Linguistic Model

2.4 The Meaning-Text Model within a General Model of Linguistic Behavior

Further Reading

2 Some Basic Linguistic Notions

1 General Linguistic Notions

1.1 Linguistic Sign and Related Notions

1.1.1 The Notion of Linguistic SignDefinition

1.1.2 Reference and Denotation of a Linguistic Sign

1.1.3 Compositionality of Complex Linguistic Signs

1.2 Paradigmatic vs. Syntagmatic Relations between Linguistic Signs

1.3 Linguistic Dependency

1.3.1 Types of Linguistic Dependency

1.3.2 Major Dependency Roles

1.3.3 Valence, Diathesis and Government Pattern

1.4 Major Types of Linguistic Significations

1.5 Linguistic Expressive Means

1.6 Basic Formalisms for Representing Linguistic Phenomena

1.6.1 Linguistic Representations

1.6.2 Linguistic Rules

2 Syntactic Notions

2.1 Basic Syntactic Units

2.1.1 Utterance

2.1.2 Wordform

2.1.3 Phrase

2.1.4 Clause

2.1.5 Sentence

2.2 Major Syntactic Classes of Lexical Units, alias Parts of Speech

3 Morphological Notions

3.1 Morphological Signs

3.1.1 Elementary Sign

3.1.2 Segmental Sign

3.1.3 Morph

3.2 Inflectional and Derivational Significations

3.2.1 Inflectional Significations and Inflectional Categories

3.2.2 Derivational Significations

3.3 Two Basic Morphological Mechanisms: Inflection and Word Formation

Further Reading

PART II MEANING IN LANGUAGE AND ITS DESCRIPTION

3 Linguistic Meaning

1 The Nature of Linguistic Meaning

1.1 Linguistic Meaning as the Invariant of Paraphrases

1.2 Linguistic (= “Shallow”) Meaning vs. Real (= “Deep”) Meaning

1.3 ThreeAspects of Linguistic Meaning: Propositional,Communicative and Rhetorical Meaning

2 Meaning Representation

3 Semantic Units and Semantic Relations

3.1 Semantemes

3.1.1 The Language-Specific Character of Semantemes

3.1.2 Two Major Classes of Semantemes: Semantic Predicatesand Semantic Names

3.2 Semantic Dependency Relations

3.2.1 Properties of Semantic Dependency

3.2.2 Semantic Actants

4 Semantic Decomposition

4.1 How Is Semantic Decomposition Done?

4.1.1 Basic Rules of Semantic Decomposition

4.1.2 Recursive Character of Semantic Decomposition

4.1.3 Semantic Primitives

4.2 What Is Semantic Decomposition Necessary For?

4.2.1 Determining the Semantic Identity of a Linguistic Expression

4.2.2 Establishing Semantic Equivalence between Linguistic Expressions

4.2.3 Determining the Hierarchy of Actants of a Semanteme

Further Reading

4 Lexical Meaning, Lexical Items and Lexical Units

1 Lexical Semantics, Lexicology and Lexicography

2 Lexical Items and Lexical Units

2.1 Lexemes

2.2 Phrasemes

2.2.1 The Notion of Phraseme

2.2.2 Types of Phrasemes

2.2.3 Degree of Frozenness of a Phraseme

2.3 Lexicographic Status of Different Types of Lexical Items

Further Reading

5 Lexicographic Definition

1 General Presentation of a Lexicographic Definition

2 Rules for Formulating Lexicographic Definitions

3 Structuring of a Lexicographic Definition: Different Types of Semantic Components

3.1 The Central Component vs. Peripheral Components

3.2 Simple Components vs. Conjunctive/Disjunctive Components

3.3 Regular Components vs. Weak Components

3.4 Presupposition Components vs. Assertion Components

3.5 The Metaphoric Component

3.6 An Illustration: A Structured Lexicographic Definition

4 Criteria for Elaborating Lexicographic Definitions

5 Lexicographic Definition vs. Lexicographic Connotation

6 Lexicographic Definition Checklist

Further Reading

6 Lexical Relations

1 Paradigmatic Lexical Relations

1.1 The Core Paradigmatic Lexical Relations: Synonymy, Antonymy, Conversion

1.1.1 Synonymy

1.1.2 Antonymy

1.1.3 Conversion

1.2 Derivational RelationsDefinition

1.3 Polysemy vs. Homonymy

1.3.1 Polysemy

1.3.2 Homonymy

2 Syntagmatic Lexical Relations

Further Reading

7 Lexical Functions

1 What Is a Lexical Function?

2 Standard Lexical Functions

2.1 Paradigmatic Lexical Functions

2.1.1 LFs Describing Core Lexical Relations: Syn, Anti and Conv

2.1.2 LFs Describing Derivational Relations

2.2 Syntagmatic Lexical Functions

2.2.1 Adjectival and Adverbial Lexical Functions:

2.2.2 Support Verbs:

2.2.3 Realization Verbs:

2.2.4 Phasal Verbs:

2.2.5 Causative Verbs:

3 Non-Standard Lexical Functions

3.1 Non-Standard LFs Describing Non-Systematic Word Formation

3.2 Non-Standard LFs Describing Non-Systematic Collocations

3.3 Non-Standard LFs Describing Clichés

4 Applications of Lexical Functions in Natural Language Processing: An Illustration

Further Reading

8 The Lexical Stock of a Language and the Dictionary

1 Lexical Stock and Its Structure

1.1 Vocables

1.2 Semantic Classes of Lexical Units

1.2.1 Vendler’s Aspectual Classes

1.2.2 Semantic Labels and Taxonomic Semantic Classes of Lexical Units

1.2.3 Semantic Labels in Lexical Descriptions

1.3 Semantic FieldsDefinition

1.4 Lexical FieldsDefinition

1.5 Vocables, Semantic Classes, Semantic Fields and Lexical Fields Compared

2 A Model of the Lexical Stock: The Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary (ECD)

2.1 General Characterization of the ECD

2.1.1 Main Features of the ECD

2.1.2 Principles for Compiling an ECD

2.2 The ECD Lexical Entry

2.2.1 The Structure of an ECD Entry

2.2.2 The Semantic Zone

2.2.3 The Syntactic Cooccurrence Zone

2.2.4 The Lexical Relations Zone

2.3 The ECD Lexical Superentry

2.3.1 Distinguishing Entries within a Superentry

2.3.2 Ordering and Numbering Lexical Entries within a Superentry

2.3.3 Three Superentries from an English ECD

Further Reading

9 Sentential Meaning and Meaning Relations between Sentences

1 Sentential Meaning Properties

1.1 Semantic Normalcy/Anomaly of a Sentence

1.1.1 Extralinguistically Well-/Ill-Formed Sentences

1.1.2 Linguistically Well-/Ill-Formed Sentences

1.2 Semantic Truth/Falsehood of a Sentence

1.3 Treatment of Anomalous Sentences in a Formal Linguistic Model

2 Meaning Relations between Sentences

2.1 Synonymy of Sentences = Paraphrase

2.1.1 The Notion of ParaphraseDefinition

2.1.2 Types of Paraphrase

2.1.3 Testing Paraphrastic Equivalence: Substitution Test

2.1.4 Semantic Representations of Paraphrases

2.2 ImplicationDefinition

2.3 PresuppositionDefinition

2.4 EquinomyDefinition

Further Reading

PART III MEANING-TEXT MODEL OF SEMANTICS

10 Semantic Representation

1 General Characterization of the Semantic Representation

2 Semantic Structure

2.1 Elements of the Semantic Structure

2.1.1 The Graph: A Semantic Network

2.1.2 Node Labels: Semantemes

2.1.3 Arc Labels: Semantic Actantial Numbers

2.2 Formal Requirements on Semantic Structures

2.3 Substantive Requirements on Semantic Structures

3 Semantic-Communicative Structure

3.1 Elements of the Semantic-Communicative Structure

3.1.1 Communicatively Dominant Node

3.1.2 Semantic-Communicative Oppositions

3.2 Formal Requirements on Semantic-Communicative Structures

4 Interaction of Semantic and Semantic-Communicative Structures in Linguistic Synthesis

4.1 SemS ~ Sem-CommS Pairings and the Well-Formedness of the SemR

4.2 SemS ~ Sem-CommS Pairings and the Paraphrastic Potential of the SemS

Further Reading

11 Deep-Syntactic Representation

1 General Characterization of the Deep-Syntactic RepresentationDefinition

2 Deep-Syntactic Structure

2.1 Dependency Tree

2.2 Deep Lexical Units

2.2.1 Semantically Full Lexical Units

2.2.2 Lexical Functions

2.2.3 Fictitious Lexemes

2.3 Deep Grammemes

2.4 Deep-Syntactic Dependency Relations

2.4.1 General Characterization of Syntactic Relations

2.4.2 Inventory of Deep-Syntactic Relations

3 Deep–Syntactic-Communicative Structure

4 Role of the Deep-Syntactic Structure in Sentence Synthesis

Further Reading

12 Semantic Rules

1 Semantic Transition (= Expression) Rules

1.1 Lexicalization Rules

1.1.1 Lexemic Rules

1.1.2 Phrasemic Rules

1.1.3 Lexical-Functional Rules

1.1.4 Lexical-Constructional Rules

1.2 Morphologization Rules

1.3 Arborization Rules

1.3.1 Rules Establishing the Top Node of the DSynt-Tree

1.3.2 Rules Constructing Branches and Subtrees of the DSynt-Tree

2 Semantic Equivalence (= Paraphrasing) Rules

2.1 Semantic Equivalences Proper

2.1.1 Semantic Substitution Rules

2.1.2 Semantic Restructuring Rules

2.2 Lexical-Syntactic Equivalences

2.2.1 (Quasi-)Equivalent Substitutions

2.2.2 Implicative Substitutions

Further Reading

Concluding Remarks

Appendix: Some Mathematical and Logical Notions Useful to Linguistics

1 Sets

2 Operations

3 Relations

3.1 Set-Theoretical Relations (Relations between Two Sets)

3.2 Properties of Binary Relations

3.3 A Very Special Relation: Isomorphism

4 Formal Languages

5 Propositions and Predicates

5.1 Propositional Calculus

5.2 Predicate Calculus

People also search for An Advanced Introduction to Semantics A Meaning-Text Approach 1st:

advanced introduction to semantics    
intro to semantics    
introduction to semantics            
advanced introduction to machine learning    
advanced semantics