Step Up to Obstetrics and Gynecology 1st edition by Russell Snyder, Nancy Dent, Wesley Fowler, Frank Ling ISBN 9781451112443 1451112440

SECTION 1: Overview of Women’s Health

1: The Woman’s Health Examination

I. Medical History

II. Physical Examination

III. Diagnosis and Management Plan

IV. Interpersonal and Communication Skills

2: The Obstetrician/Gynecologist’s Role in Screening and Preventive Care

I. Primary Prevention

II. Secondary Prevention

3: Ethics in Obstetrics and Gynecology

I. Ethical Framework(s)

II. Ethical Foundations

III. Ethical Considerations in Obstetrics and Gynecology

IV. Guidelines for Ethical Decision Making

4: Embryology and Anatomy

I. Embryology

II. Anatomy

III. Development Anomalies

5: Reproductive Physiology

I. Endocrine Regulation of Female Reproduction

II. Ovarian Structure and Function

III. Menstrual Cycle Regulation

IV. Uterine Changes Throughout Menstrual Cycle

V. Endocrine Effects on Other Reproductive Tissues

SECTION 2: Obstetrics

6: Endocrinology of Pregnancy

I. Fetal–Maternal–Placental Unit

II. Pregnancy Hormones

III. Maternal Metabolism

IV. Parturition (Childbirth)

7: Maternal–Fetal Physiology

I. Maternal Physiology

II. Fetus and Placenta

III. Immunology of Pregnancy

8: Preconception and Antepartum Care

I. Preconception Counseling

II. Antepartum Care

9: Prenatal Diagnosis, Genetic Disorder Assessment, and Teratology

I. Prenatal Diagnosis

II. Genetic Disorder Assessment

III. Chromosomal Aneuploidy Screening

IV. Screening Based on Ethnicity or Family History

V. Diagnostic Testing for Aneuploidy

VI. Chromosomal Disorders

VII. Teratology

10: Normal Labor and Delivery

I. Maternal Changes Prior to Labor

II. Evaluation for Labor

III. Stages of Labor

IV. Cardinal Movements of Labor

V. Normal Labor and Delivery

VI. Labor Induction

VII. Cesarean Delivery

VIII. Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Delivery

11: Intrapartum Fetal Surveillance

I. Pathophysiology

II. Intrapartum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring

III. Ancillary Tests

IV. Management of Nonreassuring Fetal Heart Rate Pattern

V. Meconium

12: Immediate Care of Newborn

I. Initial Care of Well Newborn

II. Transitional Care of Newborn

III. Initial Care of the Newborn

IV. Newborn Screening

13: Abnormal Labor and Malpresentation

I. Definitions

II. Labor Dystocia: Assessing 3 Ps

III. Diagnosis and Management of Labor Dystocia

IV. First-Stage Labor Disorders

V. Second-Stage Labor Disorders

VI. Operative Vaginal Deliveries

VII. Breech Presentation

14: Postpartum Care/Complications

I. Physiology of Puerperium

II. Management of Immediate Postpartum Period

III. Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

15: Ectopic Pregnancy

I. Epidemiology/Morbidity and Mortality

II. Etiology

III. Clinical Presentation

IV. Differential Diagnosis

V. Management

16: Common Medical and Surgical Problems in Pregnancy

I. Anemia in Pregnancy

II. Diabetes Mellitus

III. Thyroid Disease

IV. Urinary Tract Disorders

V. Cardiac Disease

VI. Asthma

VII. Surgical Conditions in Pregnancy

VIII. Trauma in Pregnancy

17: Infectious Diseases in Pregnancy

I. Group B Streptococcus (GBS)

II. Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)

III. Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS)

IV. Syphilis

V. Neisseria gonorrhoeae

VI. Chlamydia trachomatis

VII. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

VIII. Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)

IX. Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)

X. Hepatitis C Virus (HCV)

XI. Parvovirus B-19

XII. Varicella

XIII. Toxoplasma gondii

XIV. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

XV. Rubella

18: Hypertension in Pregnancy

I. Classification

II. Preeclampsia Pathophysiology

III. Evaluation

IV. Management

19: Multifetal Gestation

I. Types of Twins

II. Rates

III. Risks

IV. Diagnosis and Management

20: Fetal Growth Abnormalities: Fetal Growth Restriction and Macrosomia

I. Fetal Growth Restriction

II. Macrosomia

21: Isoimmunization

I. Natural History

II. Effects of Antibody Development on Fetus and Newborn

III. Significance of Paternal Antigen Status (When Mother is Rh – )

IV. Diagnosis

V. Assessment of Abnormal Antibody Screen

VI. Management

VII. Prevention

VIII. Management of Isoimmunization to Other RBC Antigens

22: Preterm Labor

I. Background

II. Causes and Risk Factors

III. Evaluation

IV. Management

V. Prevention

23: Third-Trimester Bleeding

I. Evaluation of Third-Trimester Bleeding

II. Placenta Previa

III. Placental Abruption

IV. Vasa Previa

V. Uterine Rupture

24: Premature Rupture of Membranes

I. Background

II. Etiology

III. Diagnosis

IV. Evaluation and Management

25: Postterm Pregnancy and Intrauterine Fetal Demise

I. Postterm Pregnancy

II. Intrauterine Fetal Demise

26: Obstetric Procedures

I. Informed Consent

II. Ultrasound

III. Chorionic Villus Sampling

IV. Amniocentesis

V. Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery (SVD)

VI. Vaginal Birth After Cesarean Delivery (VBAC)

VII. Operative Vaginal Delivery

VIII. Breech Vaginal Delivery

IX. Cesarean Delivery

X. Tubal Ligation

XI. Cervical Cerclage

XII. External Cephalic Version

XIII. Surgical Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH)

SECTION 3: Gynecology

27: Contraception

I. General

II. Combination Hormonal Contraceptives

III. Progestin-only Contraceptives

IV. Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

V. Barrier Contraceptives

VI. Natural Family Planning

VII. Emergency Contraception

VIII. Ineffective Methods

28: Sterilization

I. General

II. Male Sterilization: Vasectomy

III. Female Sterilization

IV. Counseling for Sterilization

29: Reproductive Tract Congenital Anomalies

I. Embryology

II. Epidemiology

III. Clinical Manifestations

IV. Diagnostic Evaluation

V. Treatment

VI. Müllerian Anomaly Classification

VII. Congenital Anomalies of Vulva and Vagina

VIII. Congenital Anomalies of Hymen

IX. Congenital Anomalies of Upper Vagina

X. Congenital Anomalies of Lower Vagina

XI. Congenital Anomalies of Ovaries and Fallopian Tubes

30: Reproductive Tract Benign Conditions

I. Vulva

II. Vagina

III. Cervix

IV. Uterus

V. Fallopian Tubes and Ovaries

31: Vulvovaginitis and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

I. Vulvovaginal Ecosystem

II. Vulvovaginitis

III. Bacterial Vaginosis

IV. Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

V. Trichomonas Vulvovaginitis

VI. Atrophic Vaginitis

VII. Desquamative Inflammatory Vaginitis

VIII. Sexually Transmitted Diseases

32: Pelvic Support Defects, Urinary Incontinence, and Urinary Tract Infection

I. Pelvic Support Defects

II. Urinary Incontinence

III. Urinary Tract Infections

33: Endometriosis

I. Definition

II. Incidence

III. Risk Factors

IV. Theories of Pathogenesis

V. Presentation

VI. Diagnosis

VII. Treatment

34: Dysmenorrhea and Chronic Pelvic Pain

I. Dysmenorrhea

II. Chronic Pelvic Pain

35: Breast Disorders

I. Anatomy

II. Evaluation of Breast Signs and Symptoms

III. Benign Breast Disease

IV. Breast Cancer

V. Breast Cancer in Pregnancy

VI. Screening Guidelines

36: Gynecologic Procedures

I. Genital Tract Biopsy

II. Colposcopy

III. Cervical Cone Biopsy (Conization)

IV. Hysteroscopy

V. Cryotherapy

VI. Laser

VII. Pregnancy Termination

VIII. Endometrial Ablation

IX. Hysterectomy

X. Preoperative Evaluation

XI. Postoperative Evaluation

XII. Imaging Studies

37: Sexual Function and Dysfunction

I. Sexual Problems

II. Normal Sexual Response

III. Physiology of Female Sexual Response

IV. Definitions of Sexual Dysfunction

V. Factors That Affect Sexual Function

VI. Screening for Sexual Dysfunction

VII. Factors to Consider When Establishing Diagnosis

VIII. Treatment

38: Sexual Assault and Domestic Violence

I. Sexual Assault

II. Child Sexual Assault (CSA)

III. Domestic Violence

SECTION 4: Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility

39: Puberty

I. Puberty

II. Neuroendocrine

III. Somatic Changes

IV. Precocious Puberty

V. Delayed Puberty/Primary Amenorrhea

40: Amenorrhea and Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

I. Overview of the Menstrual Cycle

II. Primary Amenorrhea

III. Secondary Amenorrhea

IV. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)

41: Hirsutism and Virilization

I. Hyperandrogenism

II. Normal Androgen Metabolism

III. Hyperandrogenic Disorders

IV. Ovarian Neoplasms

V. Adrenal Disorders

VI. Idiopathic Hirsutism (Constitutional or Familial Hirsutism)

VII. Iatrogenic Hirsutism

VIII. Other Hirsutism Issues to Consider

42: Menopause

I. Definitions

II. Hormone Changes

III. Causes of Premature Menopause

IV. Symptoms

V. Disease Risk

VI. Hormone Therapy

43: Infertility

I. Definition

II. Etiology

III. Evaluation

IV. Unexplained Infertility

V. Treatment

44: Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

I. Definition

II. Incidence

III. Symptoms

IV. Etiology

V. Diagnosis

VI. Treatment

SECTION 5: Gynecologic Oncology

45: Cell Biology and Principles of Cancer Therapy

I. Cell Cycle

II. Chemotherapy

III. Radiation

IV. Novel Agents

46: Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia

I. Introduction

II. Epidemiology

III. Hydatidiform Mole

IV. Malignant Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia

47: Benign Vulvar Disease

I. Lichen Simplex Chronicus

II. Lichen Sclerosus

III. Lichen Planus

IV. Psoriasis

V. Vestibulitis

VI. Squamous Cell Hyperplasia

VII. Vulvar Neoplasia

VIII. Vaginal Neoplasia

48: Cervical Dysplasia and Carcinoma

I. Anatomy

II. Epidemiology

III. Cervical Cytology

IV. Abnormal Cytology Management

V. Cervical Cancer Staging

VI. Cervical Cancer Treatment

VII. Prevention

49: Cancer of the Uterine Corpus

I. Epidemiology

II. Pathogenesis

III. Clinical Presentation

IV. Diagnosis

V. Treatment

50: Ovarian and Adnexal Disease

I. Anatomy

II. Age Considerations in Physical Exam

III. Functional Ovarian Cysts

IV. Benign Ovarian Neoplasms

V. Malignant Ovarian Neoplasms

VI. Surgical Management of Ovarian (and Fallopian Tube) Cancers

VII. Fallopian Tube Cancer

VIII. Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma