Doppler Ultrasound in Gynecology and Obstetrics 1st edition by Christof Sohn, Hans Joachim Volgt, Klaus Vetter – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1588902617 , 978-1588902610
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 1588902617
ISBN 13: 978-1588902610
Author: Christof Sohn, Hans Joachim Volgt, Klaus Vetter
The correct focus:
- All the Doppler applications for obstetrics and gynecology in one volume
- Support for all phases of study
- Ideal for all stages of continuing education
- Stepwise course instruction with complete curricular content (basic, clinical, advanced)
- All obstetric and gynecological applications
- Effective examination
- Specific uses of all relevant Doppler procedures
- Optimal settings, probe positioning, strategies for improved display, more.
- Overview of important diagnostic criteria presented in tabular form
- Over 400 figures showing all vascular applications, the course of examinations, probe position, anatomical sketches, and more.
- Information instantly to hand
- Clear arrangement and rapid orientation
- Logical chapter structure, tables showing diagnostic criteria, sample displays, application, more.
- Clinically oriented, focused on practice-related subjects; placental insufficiency, evaluation of obstetric risk, criteria for post-term pregnancy, and more.
Doppler Ultrasound in Gynecology and Obstetrics 1st Table of contents:
1 Physical and Technical Fundamentals of Ultrasound and Doppler Ultrasound
History
Oscillation, Sound Wave
The Generation of Ultrasound
Physical Effects
Reflection and Refraction
Scattering
Interference
Diffraction
Absorption
Generating the Image
Pulse-Echo Procedure
Time Gain Compensation
A-Mode
B-Mode
M-Mode
The Sound Field
Resolution
Focusing
Scanning Procedures
Principle of Operation
Linear Array Scanner
Curved or Convex Array Scanner
Sector Scanner
Phased Array Scanner
Mechanical Sector Scanners
Rotary Principle
Wobbler Principle
Annular Phased Array Transducer
Ultrasound Artifacts
Distal Acoustic Shadowing
Dorsal Sound Amplification
Disadvantages of Mechanical Scanners
Margin Shadow
Side Lobe
Slice Thickness Artifact
Repetition Artifact
Doppler Sonography
Fundamentals of Doppler Sonography
Geometrical Distortion
Continuous Wave Doppler Systems
Pulsed Wave Doppler systems
Alias Phenomenon in Pulsed Doppler
Baseline Shift
Wall Filter
Color-Coded Doppler Sonography
Amplitude-Coded Flow Display
Safety Aspects
Thermal Effects
Mechanical Effects
Important Definitions
Acoustic Output
Acoustic Power
Intensity
Intensity Special Peak Time Average
Risks of Individual Ultrasound Procedures
B-Mode
M-Mode
CW Doppler
PW Doppler
Color-Coded Doppler Sonography
Summary
Important Instrument Settings
Selecting the Most Suitable Transducer
B-Mode Settings
Depth of Penetration
Gain
Focusing
Setting the Doppler Parameters
Sample Volume
PRF and Baseline Shift
Scaling the Time Axis
Wall Filter
Orientation of the Tracings of Spectra
Color-Coded Doppler
Size of the Color Window
PRF
Color Gain
2 Indices for the Evaluation of Doppler Sonograms
Introduction
Quantitative Measurements
Qualitative Measurements
Angle Problems
Wall Filter
Indices Used to Evaluate Two-Dimensional Doppler Sonograms
Indices of Velocity
Indices of Acceleration
Path Length Index
Temporal Indices
Relative Flow Index
Optical Classification
Clinical Procedure
Reference Curves
Index Quotients
Summary
Suggestions for Obstetric Practice
3 Vascular Supply of the Uteroplacentofetal Unit and Techniques for the Examination of Individual Ve
Vascular Supply of the Uteroplacentofetal Unit
Uteroplacental Blood Supply
Fetoplacental Blood Supply
Fetal Blood Supply
Methods of Examining Specific Vessels
Displaying the Maternal Vessels
Examining the Uterine Arteries in the Second Trimester
Examining the Uterine Arteries in the Third Trimester
Displaying the Peripheral Fetal Vessels
Examining the Umbilical Artery
Examining the Aorta in the Second and Third Trimesters
Examining the Central Fetal Vessels
Examining the MCA
Examining the Carotid Artery
4 Blood Flow Analysis During Pregnancy
Uteroplacental Vessels
Reference Values
Physiological Flow Changes
Fetoplacental Vessels
Umbilical Vessels
Reference Values
Abnormal Flow Changes
Medications
Physiological Flow Changes
Pathological Flow Changes
Morphological Changes
Umbilical Vein
Reference Values
Physiological and Pathological Flow Alterations
Fetal Vessels
Aorta
Evaluation Criteria
Reference Values
Physiological Flow Changes
Arteries Supplying the Brain
Reference Values
Physiological Flow Changes
Renal Arteries
Evaluation Criteria
Reference Values
Ductus Arteriosus
Inferior Vena Cava
Evaluation Criteria
Reference Values
Physiological Flow Changes
Pathological Flow Changes
Ductus Venosus Arantii
Hepatic Veins
Effect of Therapeutic Measures
Prostaglandins
Antihypertensives
β-blockers
Calcium Antagonists
Epidural Anesthesia
5 Documentation
Sample Documentation Records
6 Common Errors in the Doppler Ultrasound Display of Uterine Blood Flow and Fetal Vessels
Correct Display of Vessels with Normal Instrument Settings
Role of the Angle in the Doppler Examination
Possible Sources of Error in Doppler Ultrasound Examinations of Maternal and Fetal Vessels
Displaying the Uterine Artery
Displaying the Umbilical Artery
Displaying the Fetal Aorta
Displaying the Middle Cerebral Artery
Complete Series of Doppler Ultrasound Examinations, Including Displays of Maternal Uterine and Fetal
Basic Concepts: References
Physical and Technical Fundamentals of Ultrasound and Doppler Ultrasound
Indices for the Evaluation of Doppler Sonograms
Blood Flow Analysis During Pregnancy
Obstetric Applications of Doppler Ultrasound
7 The Role of Doppler Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy
The Significance of Transvaginal Sonography and Serum hCG
Characteristic Sonographic Findings in Ectopic Pregnancy
Differential Diagnosis
Transvaginal Color Doppler Ultrasound
Diagnostic Validity
Effectiveness of the Procedure
Errors
Critical Evaluation
Summary
8 Indications for Obstetric Ultrasound
IUGR and Biological Measurement
Basic Principles
Some Specific Measurements
Skull
Abdomen
Extremities
Cerebellum
Procedure when Biological Measurements are Abnormal
Growth Restriction
Suspected IUGR
PIH/Preeclampsia/Eclampsia
Status Post Dysmature Delivery/Intrauterine Death
Status Post Preeclampsia/Eclampsia
Abnormalities in the Recorded Fetal Heart Rate
Reasonable Suspicion of Fetal Anomalies or Fetal Disease
Multiple Pregnancy with Discordant Growth
Suspicion of Cardiac Anomaly or Heart Disease
Other Indications
Summary Indications for Doppler Ultrasound in the First, Second, and Third Trimesters
First Trimester
Third Trimester
Second Trimester
9 Doppler Sonography in Obstetrics—Screening At-Risk Populations
Validity of a Test
Validation of Indices
Screening Population
Screening in Cases of Suspected Uteroplacental Perfusion Disorders and/or Pregnancy-Induced Hyperten
Screening for Suspected Fetoplacental Perfusion Disorders and/or IUGR
Summary
10 Doppler Ultrasound Diagnosis in Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, and HELLP Syndrome
Pathological Changes in Preeclampsia
Evaluating the Risk of Preeclampsia in the First and Second Trimesters—Examining the Uteroplacenta
Doppler Ultrasound Findings
Confirming a Diagnosis of Preeclampsia in the Second Half of Pregnancy—Demonstrating Characteristi
Evidence for or Exclusion of Fetal Risk—Evaluating the Fetal or Fetoplacental Vessels
Doppler Sonographic Findings
Doppler Sonographic Findings
Redistribution of Blood (Brain Sparing)
Summary
11 Doppler Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Fetal Anomalies
Anomalies in the Region of the Head and Neck
Anomalies of the Lung and Diaphragm
Fetal Cardiac Malformations
Malformations of the Gastrointestinal Tract and the Abdominal Wall
Anomalies of the Urogenital System
Coccygeal Teratomata
Placenta
Hydrops Fetalis
Anhydramnios
Malformations of the Umbilical Cord
Doppler Ultrasound Diagnosis of Malformations in Early Pregnancy
12 Multiple Pregnancy and Doppler Ultrasound
Studies Using Doppler Ultrasound for Multiple Pregnancies
Theoretical Considerations Related to the Above Studies
Special Considerations for the Use of Doppler Ultrasound in Twin Pregnancies
Acardius Acranius, TRAP
Crossed Cord Around the Neck
Velamentous Insertion and Vasa Previa
Monochorionic Multiple Fetuses with Circulatory Communication Disorders
Twin-to-Twin (Feto-Fetal) Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS, FFTS)
Hydramnios-Oligohydramnios
Summary
13 Possible Applications of Doppler Ultrasound in Fetal Anemia
NonInvasive Procedures for Suspected Fetal Anemia
Ultrasonic Imaging
Doppler Ultrasound
14 Umbilical Cord Complications and Doppler Ultrasound
Doppler Ultrasound Findings when Umbilical Cord Complications Affect Hemodynamics
Obstetric Applications of Doppler Ultrasound: References
Diagnostic Doppler Ultrasound in Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, and HELLP Syndrome
Multiple Pregnancy and Doppler Ultrasound
Advanced Topics in Obstetrics and Gynecological Doppler Ultrasound
15 Doppler Ultrasound and the Cardiotocogram
Comparing Tests
Comparing Tests to Predict Neonatal Asphyxia
Comparing Tests to Predict Neonatal Acidosis
Information Lead Time Using Doppler Ultrasound
Clinical Significance of Doppler Ultrasound
16 Doppler Ultrasound Findings Near Term
Physiological Findings in the Late Stages of Pregnancy
Aorta: Quantitative Analysis
Aorta: Qualitative Analysis
Cerebral Arteries
Common Carotid Artery
Middle Cerebral Artery
Renal Arteries
Changes at Term and Postterm
Femoral Arteries
The “Term Effect”
The Circulatory Balance
Clinical Conclusions
Doppler Ultrasound during Labor?
Summary
17 Diagnostic and Clinical Significance of Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics
Studies of Diagnostic Significance
Uteroplacental Arteries
Umbilical Arteries and Other Fetal Vessels
Umbilical Arteries and Fetal Aorta
The Umbilical Vein in Arterial Diastolic Block or Reverse Flow
Cerebral Arteries and Redistribution of the Circulation
Studies of Clinical Significance
Uteroplacental Arteries
Umbilical Arteries
Analysis of Individual Clinical Doppler Studies
Cumulative Metaanalysis
Conclusions
Diastolic Reverse Flow
Multiple Pregnancy
Summary
18 Doppler Sonography of the Fetal Venous Circulation
Anatomy
Physiology
The Left Path from the Ductus Venosus to the Foremen Ovale
The Right Path from the Inferior Vena Cava to the Right Atrium
Ultrasound Display and Doppler Sonography of the Venous System
Results of the Doppler Studies
Summary
19 Seven Cases Illustrating the Use of Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics
1—Fetal Growth Restriction
2—Extreme Fetal Growth Restriction Due to Endarteritis Obliterans
3—Exclusion of Potter Syndrome
4—Closely Coordinated Preventive Care for High-Risk Patients
5—Patient with Antiphospholipid-Antibody Syndrome
6—Marked Fetal Growth Restriction
7—Twin Pregnancy with Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
20 Doppler Ultrasound in Gynecology
Tumor Angiogenesis
Essential Considerations for Clinical Practice
Examination Procedure and Instrumentation for Ultrasound Diagnosis of the Pelvis
Evaluation
Ovarian Diagnosis
Conventional Ultrasound Examination of the Ovary: Procedure and Results
Normal Findings in the Doppler Ultrasound Examination of the Ovaries
Significance of Color-Coded Doppler Ultrasound
Doppler Ultrasound and Myomas
Essential Considerations for Clinical Practice
Endometrial Diagnosis
Essential Considerations for Clinical Practice
Essential Considerations for Clinical Practice
21 Diagnosis of the Uterine Tube by Transvaginal Sonography
Application of Ultrasound in Diagnosis of the Uterine Tube
Display of the Tube by Contrast Sonography
Comparison to Other Procedures
Supplementation by Doppler
22 Diagnostic Sonography of Blood Flow in Breast Tumors
Biological Background
Instrumentation
Continuous Wave Doppler
Pulsed Wave Doppler
Color-Coded PW Doppler
Angio Color, Angio Mode, Power Doppler
Introduction of Ultrasound Contrast Media
Color-Coded Doppler Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of Breast Tumors
Advanced Topics in Obstetrics and Gynecological Doppler Ultrasound: References
Doppler Ultrasound and the Cardiotocogram
Doppler Ultrasound Findings Near Term
Diagnostic and Clinical Significance of Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics
Doppler Ultrasound of the Fetal Venous Circulation
Doppler Ultrasound in Gynecology
Diagnosis of the Uterine Tube by Transvaginal Ultrasound
Diagnostic Ultrasound of Blood Flow in Breast Tumors
Index
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Tags: Christof Sohn, Hans Joachim Volgt, Klaus Vetter, Doppler Ultrasound