Ethical Challenges in the Behavioral and Brain Sciences Case Studies and Commentaries 1st edition by Robert Sternberg, Susan Fiske ISBN 1316234297 9781316234297

Part I Academic Cheating

1 Beyond the Immediate: Academic Dishonesty

2 Collaboration, Cheating, or Both?

3 Grappling with Student Plagiarism

4 Commentary to Part I

Part II Academic Excuses and Fairness

5 The Compassionate Instructor Doesn’t Always Award Extra Credit

6 An Ethical Dilemma in Teaching

7 Attempted Retribution by a Disgruntled Individual

8 Grading and the “Fairness Doctrine”

9 Managing and Responding to Requests by Students Seeking to Improve Their Achievement-Related Outcomes

10 Are There Times When Something Is of Greater Importance Than the Truth?

11 Commentary to Part II

Part III Authorship and Credit

12 An Ethical Dilemma in Publishing

13 What Does Authorship Mean?

14 The Ethical Use of Published Scales

15 Idea Poaching Behind the Veil of Blind Peer Review

16 An Ethical Challenge

17 Authorship: Credit Where Credit Is Due

18 Publication of Student Data When the Student Cannot Be Contacted

19 Ethics in Research: Interactions between Junior and Senior Scientists

20 Resolving Ethical Lapses in the Non-Publication of Dissertations

21 Theft

22 Claiming the Ownership of Someone Else’s Idea

23 Commentary to Part III

Part IV Confidentiality’s Limits

24 Ethics in Service

25 Protecting Confidentiality in a Study of Adolescents’ Digital Communication

26 Commentary to Part IV

Part V Data Analysis, Reporting, and Sharing

27 Clawing Back a Promising Paper

28 When the Data and Theory Don’t Match

29 Desperate Data Analysis by a Desperate Job Candidate

30 Own Your Errors

31 Caution in Data Sharing

32 The Conflict Entailed in Using a Post Hoc Theory to Organize a Research Report

33 Commentary to Part V

Part VI Designing Research

34 Complete or Incomplete, That Is the Question: An Ethics Adventure in Experimental Design

35 “Getting It Right” Can Also Be Wrong

36 Commentary to Part VI

Part VII Fabricating Data

37 Beware the Serial Collaborator

38 My Ethical Dilemma

39 Data Not to Trust

40 When a Research Assistant (Maybe) Fabricates Data

41 The Pattern in the Data

42 It Is Never as Simple as It Seems: The Wide-Ranging Impacts of Ethics Violations

43 Commentary to Part VII

Part VIII Human Subjects

44 Ethical Considerations When Conducting Research on Children’s Eyewitness Abilities

45 Studying Harm-Doing without Doing Harm: The Case of the BBC Prison Study, the Stanford Prison Experiment, and the Role-Conformity Model of Tyranny

46 Observational Research, Prediction, and Ethics: An Early-Career Dilemma

47 Should We Tell the Parents? Balancing Science and Children’s Needs in a Longitudinal Study

48 Ethics in Human Subjects Research in Brazil: Working with Victims of Sexual Violence

49 Honesty in Scientific Study

50 Ethically Questionable Research

51 Commentary to Part VIII

Part IX Personnel Decisions

52 Culture, Fellowship Opportunities, and Ethical Issues for Decision Makers

53 Balancing Profession with Ego: The Frailty of Tenure Decisions

54 Fidelity and Responsibility in Leadership: What Should We Expect (of Ourselves)?

55 To Thine Own Self Be True

56 When Things Go Bad

57 Commentary to Part IX

Part X Reviewing and Editing

58 The Ethics of Repeat Reviewing of Journal Manuscripts

59 Bias in the Review Process

60 The Rind et al. Affair: Later Reflections

61 Me, Myself, and a Third Party

62 Commentary to Part X

Part XI Science for Hire and Conflict of Interest

63 The Power of Industry (Money) in Influencing Science

64 The Impact of Personal Expectations and Biases in Preparing Expert Testimony

65 The Fragility of Truth in Expert Testimony

66 A Surprising Request from a Grant Monitor

67 Whoever Pays the Piper Calls the Tune: A Case of Documenting Funding Sources

68 How to Protect Scientific Integrity under Social and Political Pressure: Applied Day-Care Research between Science and Policy

69 Commentary to Part XI

Epilogue: Why Is Ethical Behavior Challenging? A Model of Ethical Reasoning

Index