Grammar and Style Idiot’s Guides 1st edition by Mark Peters – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1615644506 , 9781615644506
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Product details:
ISBN 10: 1615644506
ISBN 13: 9781615644506
Author: Mark Peters
Mastering the details of English grammar and style can be a slow and painful process. With clear, no-nonsense explanations and examples, Idiot’s Guides: Grammar and Style makes learning the finer points of the English language easy. The book focuses on what people really need to know — the mechanics of writing, the parts of speech, proper punctuation and capitalization, and the most common errors (and how to avoid and fix them). Exercises that reinforce learning are also packed into this helpful guide.
Grammar and Style Idiot’s Guides 1st Table of contents:
Introduction
Part 1: Introduction to Grammar and Style
1 Rules and Conventions
Brushing Up on Three Key Concepts
Understanding Grammar
Morphology: Words
Practice
Syntax: Word Order
Choosing a Usage Level
Adhering to Conventions
Appreciating the Purpose of Rules and Conventions
Place the Subject First
Watch Where You Place Phrases and Clauses
Avoid Awkward Shifts in Verb Tense
Avoid Dangling Modifiers
Beware of Misplaced and Omitted Commas
Use Parallel Constructions
Practice
2 Beyond the Rules: Writing with Style
Defining Style
Some Different Styles
Style Guidelines
Sharpen Your Style
Enhance Your Prose with Literary Devices
Paint a Picture with Figurative Language
Tune In to the Sounds of Language
Practice
Consult Style Guides
Part 2: Grammar Basics
3 Brushing Up on Parts of Speech
Meeting the Actors: Nouns and Pronouns
The Lead Actors: Nouns
The Supporting Cast: Pronouns
Differences in Noun and Pronoun Behavior
Changing Case
Practice
Taking Action with Verbs
Action Verbs
Linking Verbs
Helping Verbs
Transitive and Intransitive Verbs
Infinitives
Practice
Getting Descriptive with Adjectives and Adverbs
Adjectives and Articles
Adverbs
Practice
Making the Right Connections with Conjunctions
Coordinating Conjunctions
Subordinating Conjunctions
Correlative Conjunctions
Practice
Building Relationships with Prepositions
Practice
Dealing with Interjections: Yay!
Blurring the Lines That Define Parts of Speech
4 Recognizing the Parts of a Sentence
What Exactly Is a Sentence?
Part 1: Subject
Part 2: Predicate
Sentences with Compound Subjects and Verbs
Identifying the Subject
Practice
Completing Actions with Complements
Direct and Indirect Objects
Object Complements
Subject Complements
Practice
Accentuating Sentences with Phrases
Verb Phrases
Prepositional
Appositives
Verbals
Practice
Grasping the Basics of Clauses
Independent Clauses
Dependent (Subordinate) Clauses
Practice
Common Sentence Structures
Simple Sentence
Compound Sentence
Complex Sentence
Compound-Complex Sentence
Practice
Part 3: Using the Parts of Speech to Build Sentences
5 Using Nouns and Pronouns as Subjects
Starting a Sentence with a Noun
Starting with a Singular Subject
Starting with a Plural Subject
Inserting the Subject in a Question
Omitting the Subject in a Command
Using a Verbal as a Subject
Practice
Using a Pronoun Instead of a Noun
Subjective Pronouns
Antecedent-Pronoun Agreement
Clarifying the Antecedent-Pronoun Connection
Dealing with Reflexive Actions and Pronouns
Practice
Using Expletive Expressions Sparingly
Practice
Sorting Out Who, Which, and That
Knowing When to Use Who or Whom
Practice
6 Taking Action with Verbs
Recognizing Verb Forms
Forming the Infinitive
Regular Verb Forms
Irregular Verb Forms
Telling Time with Tenses
Tensing Up with the Verb To Be
Keeping It Simple
Recognizing the Perfect Tenses
Recognizing the Progressive Tenses
Noting the Perfect Progressive Tenses
Sticking to Your Timeline
Sorting Out Lie and Lay
Practice
Making Sure Your Nouns and Verbs Agree
Dealing with Compound Subjects
Accounting for Collective Nouns
Recognizing Singular Indefinite Pronouns
Maintaining Agreement with Amounts and Number of…
Practice
Setting the Right Mood
Practice
Choosing a Voice
Practice
7 Describing Words: Adjectives and Adverbs
Adjectives: Describing Words
Types of Adjectives
Common
Proper
Compound
Practice
Indefinite
Practice
How to Use Adjectives
Adjectives and To Be
Finding the Right Adjective
Forming Comparisons: Fast, Faster, Fastest
Practice
When Not to Use Adjectives
Articles: Little Words with Big Jobs
Definite Articles
Indefinite Articles
Adverbs: Describing Verbs, Adjectives, and Other Adverbs
Transforming Adjectives into Adverbs
Using Adverbs to Describe Action
Using Adverbs to Describe Adjectives and Other Adverbs
Recognizing Adverbs That Moonlight as Conjunctions
8 Wrapping Up Action with Complements
Linking to a Subject Complement
Complementing a Direct Object: The Object Complement
Practice
Taking Action on Nouns with Verb Complements
Infinitives as Verb Complements
Gerunds as Verb Complements
Noun Phrases as Verb Complements
Practice
9 Using Phrases
What a Phrase Is (and Isn’t)
The Difference Between a Phrase and a Clause
Practice
Forming Prepositional Phrases
Prepositional Phrases as Adjectives
Prepositional Phrases as Adverbs
Using Verbs as Adjectives, Adverbs, and Nouns
Using Participles to Describe
Transforming a Verb into a Noun: Gerunds
Getting More Mileage Out of Infinitives
Elaborating on Nouns with Appositives
Rearranging Phrases to Clarify and Emphasize
10 Adding Clauses
Recognizing the Two Main Clause Types
Independent Clauses
Practice
Dependent Clauses
Noun Clauses
Adjective Clauses
Adverb Clauses
Practice
Rearranging Clauses to Clarify and Emphasize
Part 4: Writing with Style
11 The Seven Cs of Good Writing
Clear
Compelling
Humor
Fresh Language
Headings and Transitions
Consistent
Grammar
Pronouns
Diction
Format
Thesis Statement and Argument
Assignment Directions or Guidelines
Concise
Convincing
Use Concrete Facts
Write Clean, Error-Free Prose
Don’t Overstate Your Case
Complete
Correct
Grammar
Facts
Format
Purpose
Consulting Style Guides for More Direction
Steering Clear of Plagiarism
Quoting
Make Quotations Blend In
Paraphrasing
Practice
Summarizing
Citing Your Work
Take So-Called Plagiarism Checkers with a Grain of Salt
12 Choosing the Right Words: Diction
Word Books: The Dictionary and Thesaurus
Different Types of Dictionaries
Using a Thesaurus
Finding the Right Word
Checking a Word’s Meaning as You Read
Denotation vs. Connotation
The Dangers of Careless Thesaurus Use
Avoiding the Double Negative
Vague or Stale Language
Steering Clear of Clichés
Avoiding Euphemisms—Most of the Time
Slang
Jargon: Language Gets Professional
Eggcorns: Mistakes That Make Sense
13 Maintaining Parallel Structure
Grasping the Concept of Parallel Structure
Writing a Series
Parallelism and Prepositional Phrases
Practice
Parallelism and Résumés
Using Coordinating Conjunctions
Comparing and Contrasting Items
Using Correlative Conjunctions
Practice
14 Varying Sentence Structure
Rearranging Words and Phrases: Syntax
Combining Short Sentences
Using a Conjunction
Using a Semicolon
Using a Colon
Using a Pronoun
Giving Long Sentences a Break
Trimming the Fat
Varying Sentence Types
Varying Sentence Beginnings
The Virtues of Variety
15 Avoiding and Fixing Common Errors
Repairing Broken Sentences
Defragmenting a Fragmented Sentence
The Positive Side of Sentence Fragments
Practice
Repairing a Run-On Sentence
Fixing a Comma Splice
Practice
Clarifying the Relationship Between Ideas
Coordination
Subordination
Practice
Clarifying Pronoun References
Fixing Misplaced and Dangling Modifiers
Avoiding Shifts in Subject and Verb Forms
16 Avoiding Sexism, Bias, and Other No-No’s
Maintaining Sex and Gender Equality
Choosing Sexless Nouns
Dealing with the He/She Dilemma
Practice
Calling People What They Want to Be Called
Avoiding Racial and Ethnic Bias
Steering Clear of Ageism
The Right Words for Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation
Avoiding Bias Against People with Medical Conditions and Disabilities
Practice
Sticking with Facts, Figures, and Specifics
Maintaining an Objective Viewpoint
Never Say Never: Avoiding Generalizations and Absolutes
Support Any Claims with Evidence
Be Careful When Making Value Judgments
Practice
Part 5: Fine-Tuning the Mechanics
17 Basic Punctuation
Putting an End to Your Sentences
The End, Period.
Ending with a Question Mark?
End Already! The Exclamation Point
Practice
Knowing When to Use Commas
Separating Items in a Series
Separating Two or More Adjectives
Joining Two Independent Clauses
Setting Off Nonessential Clauses and Phrases
Pausing After an Introductory Element
Pausing for Interruptions in a Sentence
Other Uses for Commas
Using a Semicolon to Join Items
Joining Independent Clauses
Practice
Separating Items in a Series
Brushing Up on Colon Usage
Introducing a List
Introducing a Formal Statement or Long Quotation
Separating Independent Clauses
More Uses for Colons
18 Quotation Marks and Apostrophes
Enclosing Text in Quotation Marks
Quoting a Person’s Exact Words
Punctuating Around Quotation Marks
Formatting a Running Dialogue
Dealing with Long Quotations: Block Quotes
Dealing with Quotations Inside Quotations
Enclosing Titles in Quotes
Flagging Slang and Technical Terms
Using Apostrophes
Forming Possessives
Plural Nouns Ending in s
Indefinite Pronouns
Dual Possession
Practice
Time- and Money-Related Words
Converting Some Singulars into Plurals
Forming Contractions
19 Hyphens, Dashes, Parentheses, and Brackets
Putting Hyphens to Good Use
Breaking a Word at the End of a Line
Hyphenating Compound Numbers
Practice
Setting Off a Prefix … or Not
Hyphenating Compound Adjectives
Making Good Use of the Dash
Choosing an Em or En Dash
Indicating a Range of Numbers
Introducing a Clarifying Statement
Enclosing Incidental (Nonessential) Text in Parentheses
Commas, Dashes, or Parentheses?
Periods: In or Out?
Practice
Making Sure the Text Is Incidental
Using Brackets [Rarely, If Ever]
20 Spelling Rules, Tips, and Tricks
Spelling Phonetically: A Challenge in English
Brushing Up on Spelling Rules
Vowel Sounds
The “i before e except after c” Rule
Doubling a Consonant
Practice
Hard and Soft Consonants
The N Sound
Plurals
Words Ending in Y
Practice
Irregular Plural Words
When Plural and Singular Are the Same
When F Becomes V
Attaching Prefixes and Suffixes
Prefixes
Suffixes
Infixes
21 Capitalization, Abbreviations, and Numbers
Capitalization
Capitalizing the First Word of Sentences and Quotations
An Independent Clause Following a Colon
Capitalizing Proper Nouns and Adjectives
Nationalities, Races, and Religions
Specific Places, Things, or Events
Capitalizing I
Other First-Person Pronouns Are Not Capitalized
Capitalizing Titles
Personal Titles Are Sometimes Capitalized
Words Referring to God
Abbreviations
Practice
Numbers, Dates, and Time
Appendixes
A Glossary
B Resources
Index
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