Instruction Manual for Introduction to Global Business Understanding the International Environment Global Business Functions 2nd edition by Julian Gaspar, James Kolari ISBN 8214346380 9798214346380

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ISBN 10: 8214346380
ISBN 13: 9798214346380
Author: Julian Gaspar, James Kolari

The global business environment is rapidly changing due to shifts in geopolitical alliances, active support of global international institutions in promoting market-oriented economic reforms, and advances in the development and use of information technology. INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL BUSINESS, 2e addresses these challenges by providing a comprehensive analysis of the global business environment and lays the foundation for the functional tools used to better prepare you to manage the global business landscape. The text flows smoothly and clearly from concept to application, asking you to apply those learning skills into real-world personal and professional applications. The specialized author team introduces globalization through unparalleled scholarship and a world-view presentation of the fundamental pillars of the global business environment — culture, ethics, economics, and information technology.

Introduction to Global Business Understanding the International Environment Global Business Functions 2nd Table of contents:

Part i. Foundations of Global Business

Chapter 1. The Rise of Globalization

1-1. What Is Globalization?

1-1a. Emerging Economies

1-1b. Decoupling and the Move to a Multipolar World Economic Order

1-2. Key International Institutions That Facilitate Globalization

1-2a. The International Monetary Fund

1-2b. The World Bank

1-2c. The World Trade Organization

1-3. Institutional Structure and Its Impact on Globalization

1-3a. What Is Institutional Structure?

1-3b. Transparency of Political Institutions

1-3c. Adaptive Institutions to Strengthen Public Participation

1-3d. Independent Judiciary and Free Press

1-4. Effective Policy Measures That Promote Globalization

1-4a. Good Governance

1-4b. Competitive Markets

1-4c. Property Rights

1-4d. Anticorruption Policies

1-5. Impact of Information Technology on Globalization

1-5a. The Digital Generation

1-5b. Expanding the Global Use of Information Technology

1-5c. The Digital Divide Myth

1-5d. How Countries “Leapfrog” into the Internet and Cell Phone Era

1-6. The Globalization Controversy

1-6a. Job Losses and Income Stagnation

1-6b. Sustainable Development and Environmental Degradation

1-7. Making Globalization Work for All

1-7a. Globalization’s Winners and Losers

1-7b. Globalization’s Losers Need Support

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Biofuels: A Case for Sustainable Development and Energy Security

Point Counterpoint: Greenfield Projects: Buying Farmland Abroad

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 2. The Evolution of International Business

2-1. Benefits of Trade and Foreign Direct Investment

2-2. Major Theories of International Trade

2-2a. Wealth Accumulation as a Basis for Trade Theory: Mercantilism

2-2b. Specialization as a Basis for Trade Theory: Absolute and Comparative Advantage

2-2c. Factor Endowments as a Basis for Trade Theory: Heckscher–Ohlin and Factor Price Equalization

2-2d. Porter’s “Diamond” Model of National Competitive Advantage

2-3. The Practice of Trade Policy

2-3a. Tariffs, Preferential Duties, and Most Favored Nation Status

2-3b. Nontariff Barriers

2-4. Current Practice of “Managed” Trade

2-4a. Socioeconomic Rationale

2-4b. Geopolitical Rationale

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Economic Nationalism

Point Counterpoint: Should “Carbon Tariffs” Be Imposed upon Greenhouse Gas-Producing Traded Goods?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 3. Regional Economic Integration

3-1. What Is Regional Economic Integration?

3-1a. Stages of Regional Integration

3-1b. Pros and Cons of Regional Integration

3-2. The Economic Geography of Regional Integration

3-2a. Steps to Regional Integration

3-2b. Major Classes and Characteristics of Regional Integration

3-3. Does Regional Integration Confound Global Trade?

3-4. The European Union (EU)

3-4a. Turkey

3-4b. The Euro

3-5. The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

3-6. Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)

3-6a. ASEAN Security Community (ASC)

3-6b. ASEAN Economic Community

3-6c. ASEAN Sociocultural Community

3-6d. The Future of ASEAN

3-7. Regional Integration in Latin America

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: The European Union Sans Frontière?

Point Counterpoint: South American Oil Giant Looks beyond Traditional Trade Partners

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 4. The International Flow of Funds and Exchange Rates

4-1. The Balance of International Payments

4-1a. The Current Account

4-1b. The Financial Account

4-1c. World Trade and the Balance of Payments

4-2. The Foreign Exchange Market

4-2a. The Exchange Rate

4-2b. Components of the Foreign Exchange Market

4-3. International Monetary Systems

4-3a. Money and Inflation

4-3b. The Bretton Woods System

4-3c. The Flexible Exchange Rate System

4-3d. The European Euro

4-3e. Hard and Soft Currencies

4-4. International Flows of Goods and Capital

4-4a. Purchasing Power Parity

4-4b. Interest Rate Parity

4-5. Forecasting Exchange Rates

Summary.

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Greece’s Economic Woes

Point Counterpoint. What Caused the Asian Currency Crisis?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Part ii. Global Business Environment

Chapter 5. The Cultural Environment

5-1. Defining Culture and Its Characteristics

5-2. Elements of Culture

5-2a. Language

5-2b. Religion

5-2c. Values and Attitudes

5-2d. Manners and Customs

5-2e. Material Elements

5-2f. Aesthetics

5-2g. Education

5-2h. Social Institutions

5-3. Clustering Countries and Regions by Culture

5-3a. Hofstede’s Research

5-3b. Trompenaars’s Cultural Dimensions

5-3c. The GLOBE Project

5-3d. Gannon’s Cultural Metaphors

5-4. Sources of Cultural Information

5-5. Cultural Dimensions of Conducting Business in Individual Countries

5-5a. Cultural Dimensions of Doing Business in Japan

5-5b. Cultural Dimensions of Doing Business in Korea

5-5c. Cultural Dimensions of Doing Business in China

5-5d. Cultural Dimensions of Doing Business in Arab Countries

5-5e. Cultural Dimensions of Doing Business in Latin America

5-6. The Importance of Culture for Managing and Marketing in Overseas Markets

5-6a. Management Styles

5-6b. Product Development and Management

5-6c. Advertising Campaigns

5-6d. Communication

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Advising Clients about Cultural Aspects of Exporting to Ecuador

Point Counterpoint: Should You Defend Your Country from Criticism of Its Culture Even Though It May Cost Your Company a Major Sale?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 6. The Legal and Political Environment of Global Business

6-1. Political Systems

6-2. National Economic Ideologies

6-2a. Communism

6-2b. Socialism

6-2c. Capitalism

6-3. Political Risks, Economic Risks, and Corruption

6-3a. Economic Risks

6-3b. Political Risks

6-3c. Corruption

6-3d. Public Corruption

6-4. The Legal Environment

6-4a. Legal Systems

6-4b. Criminal Law

6-4c. Contract Law

6-4d. Tax Law

6-4e. Antitrust Law

6-4f. Product Safety Law

6-4g. Dispute Settlement Law

6-5. Intellectual Property Protections

6-5a. Patents

6-5b. Trademarks

6-5c. Copyrights

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Becoming a King?

Point Counterpoint: Should the United States Outlaw Offshore Relocations for Tax Purposes?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 7. Corruption and Ethics in Global Business

7-1. What Is Ethics?

7-2. Ethics in Business and Society

7-2a. Ethics and Economics

7-2b. The Corruption Perceptions Index and Transparency International

7-3. What Is Corporate Social Responsibility?

7-3a. Rules, Policies, and Guidelines

7-3b. Ethics Codes at Selected Companies

7-4. Financial Scandals

7-4a. Enron

7-4b. Worldcom

7-4c. Vivendi

7-4d. Parmalat

7-4e. Other Financial Scandals

7-5. Can Ethics Be Taught?

7-6. Internal Controls

7-6a. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act

7-6b. Computer Security of Accounting Information

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: ExxonMobil Corporation: Why Are Corporate Ethics Codes so Important?

Point Counterpoint. What Is the Right Way to Decide Where to Do Business?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Part iii. Global Business Strategy and Organization

Chapter 8. Entry Strategies in Global Business

8-1. Strategy Choice and Implementation: Going International

8-1a. Export-Import Business

8-1b. Licensing

8-1c. Franchising

8-1d. Strategic Alliances

8-1e. International Joint Ventures

8-1f. Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions

8-1g. Wholly Owned Subsidiaries

8-2. Multinational Enterprises (MNEs)

8-3. MNEs and Their Global Strategic Motives

8-3a. Revenue Maximizing Strategies

8-3b. Cost-Minimizing Strategies

8-3c. Risk Minimizing Strategies

8-3d. Dunning’s Eclectic Theory of Foreign Direct Investment

8-4. Host Country Perspective of Foreign Direct Investment

8-4a. Benefits of Foreign Direct Investment

8-4b. Costs of Foreign Direct Investment

8-5. Improving Host Country’s Investment Climate

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Arcelormittal: A Stateless Corporation?

Point Counterpoint: The Human Cost of Mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 9. Control of Global Business

9-1. Strategy Formulation

9-1a. Mission Statement

9-1b. Shareholders versus Stakeholders

9-2. Strategy Implementation

9-2a. An Example of Strategic Implementation: Walmart Corporation

9-2b. Prospectors, Defenders, Reactors, and Analyzers

9-3. Coordination

9-3a. Impediments to Coordination

9-3b. Knowledge Management and Systems

9-4. Control Systems

9-4-1. Bureaucratic Controls

9-4-2. Interpersonal Controls

9-4-3. Output Controls and Measurement

9-5. Organization Culture and the Change Control Function

9-5a. Types of Organizational Culture

9-5b. Organizational Change

Summary

Key Words

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Berkshire Hathaway’s Investment Strategy

Point Counterpoint: Milk Prices and Starbucks

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 10. The Organization of Global Business

10-1. The Stateless Corporation

10-2. Organizing Global Business

10-3. Export Departments and International Divisions

10-3a. Creating an Export Department

10-3b. International Division

10-4. Four Organizational Structures for Global Business

10-4a. Functional Structure

10-4b. Divisional Structure

10-4c. Hybrid Structure

10-4d. Matrix Structure

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: What Is the Best Organizational Structure for the Royal Dutch/Shell Group?

Point Counterpoint: A Matrix Organization May or May Not Be the Best Way to Restructure a Business

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Part iv. Managing Global Business

Chapter 11. Global Human Resource Management

11-1. Global Strategic Human Resource Management

11-1a. Statistical Overview

11-1b. Cultural Issues and Differences

11-1c. Regulatory Issues Including Immigration and Border Security

11-1d. Outsourcing and Offshoring

11-2. Staffing Policies

11-2a. Virtual Staffing

11-2b. Expatriate Issues in Staffing

11-2c. What Are Training and Development?

11-2d. Needs Assessment

11-2e. Types of Training and Development

11-2f. Expatriate Needs in Training and Development

11-3. Performance Appraisal and Compensation

11-3a. Assessing Performance

11-3b. Cultural Differences in Performance Appraisal

11-3c. Compensation and National Differences in Cost of Living

11-3d. Expatriate Issues in Compensation

11-3e. Executive Pay

11-4. International Trade, Labor Relations, and HRM

11-4a. The North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC)

11-4b. International Labor Relations

11-4c. Comparative Labor Relations

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: The Expansion of Global Sexual Harassment

Point Counterpoint: Should Employees or Labor Union Representatives Have the Right to Seats on Corporate Boards of Directors?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 12. Global Marketing

12-1. Marketing Research vs. Marketing Intelligence Systems

12-2. Making the Standardization and Adaptation Decision

12-3. Developing the International Product Mix

12-3a. Developing New Products for International Markets

12-3b. Managing Existing Products

12-3c. Where to Locate Research and Development Facilities

12-3d. Product Counterfeiting

12-4. Developing the International Promotion Mix

12-4a. Advertising

12-4b. Sales Promotion

12-4c. Publicity

12-5. Developing the International Distribution Mix

12-5a. Channels of Distribution

12-5b. Physical Distribution

12-6. Developing the International Pricing Mix

12-6a. Pricing Objectives

12-6b. Setting Prices in International Markets

12-6c. Dumping

12-6d. Transfer Pricing

12-7. Developing the International Customer Service Mix

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Marketing Equine-Related Products to International Markets

Point Counterpoint: Should Companies Marketing Their Products to International Markets Charge Lower Prices in Developing Markets than They Do in Developed Markets?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 13. Global Operations and Supply-Chain Management

13-1. Global Operations Management

13-2. Global Procurement

13-2a. Advantages of Global Procurement

13-2b. Disadvantages of Global Procurement

13-2c. Outsourcing and Insourcing

13-3. Global Production

13-3a. Advantages of Making

13-3b. Disadvantages of Making

13-4. Location Decision

13-4a. Location of Production Facilities for Components and Raw Materials

13-4b. Location of Production Facilities for Products

13-4c. Relocation of Production Facilities

13-5. Global Supply-Chain Management

13-5a. Improving Global Supply-Chain Management

13-5b. The Role of Information Technologies

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: When Is an American Car Really American?

Point Counterpoint: Outsourcing Clinical Trials

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 14. Global Financial Management

14-1. Measuring Foreign Exchange Exposure

14-2. Hedging Forex Risk with Derivatives

14-2a. Futures Contracts

14-2b. Forward Contracts

14-2c. Options Contracts

14-2d. Swap Contracts

14-3. Financing International Trade and Investment

14-3a. International Banking

14-3b. International Bond Markets

14-3c. International Stock Markets

14-3d. Government Financing

14-4. Multinational Capital Budgeting

14-4a. Parent Firm Capital Budgeting

14-4b. The Cost of Capital: Domestic versus Global

14-5. Currency Risk and Stock Valuation

14-5a. Cash Flow Sensitivity to Exchange Rate Risk

14-5b. Stock Values and Foreign Exchange Movements

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: Citigroup in Distress: One of the World’s Largest Banks Struggles to Survive

Point Counterpoint: Are Bond Rating Agencies to Blame for the Mortgage Mess?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

Chapter 15. Accounting and Taxation in Global Business

15-1. Accounting and Financial Reporting in Global Business

15-1a. Management Accounting

15-1b. Financial Accounting

15-2. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)

15-2a. U.S. GAAP

15-2b. International GAAP

15-2c. Differences between U.S. and International GAAP

15-2d. Differences between U.S. GAAP and Selected Countries

15-3. International Financial Reporting Standards

15-4. The Role of Auditing and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act

15-5. Financial Statement Analysis

15-5a. Financial Ratios

15-5b. Evaluating Trends

15-6. Global Tax Matters

15-6a. Tax Rates among Selected Countries

15-6b. Transfer Pricing

Summary

Key Terms

Chapter Questions

Mini Case: McDonald’s Corporation

Point Counterpoint: Should Minimizing Taxes Be the Only Goal of Transfer Pricing?

Interpreting Global Business News

Portfolio Projects

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