An Introduction to Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Metals 1st edition by Zbigniew Stachurski, Gang Wang, Xiaohua Tan ISBN 0128194195 9780128194195

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ISBN 10: 0128194195
ISBN 13: 9780128194195
Author: Zbigniew Stachurski, Gang Wang, Xiaohua Tan

An Introduction to Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Metals gives a background on the physics of materials, describing relevant experimental techniques. The book presents the necessary background in physics, thermodynamics, and the mechanics of solids, before moving on to cover elasticity, plasticity, fracture and the anelastic behavior of metallic glasses, relating these properties to chemical composition, atomic arrangement, microstructure, and methods of preparation. In addition, it compares the structure-property relationships specific to metallic glasses with polycrystalline metals and alloys and describes the properties and characteristics of metallic glasses. The general features and behavior of metallic glasses are also analyzed and summarized.

The book includes full derivations of theory and equations and presents a compendium of experimental methods used in materials science to characterize and study metallic glasses and amorphous solids. The title is a comprehensive resource for any researcher interested in the materials science of metallic glasses and amorphous materials.

An Introduction to Metallic Glasses and Amorphous Metals 1st Table of contents:

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

References

Chapter 2. Making of metallic glasses and applications

Abstract

Subchapter 2.1. Applications of metallic glasses

Aerospace and beyond

Biological applications of metallic glasses

Metallic glass transformers

Sporting equipment and personal items

Optical, magnetic, and electrical

Amorphous silicon solar cells

Jewellery

Metallic plasticine

Rewritable DVDs

Subchapter 2.2. Making metallic glasses

Casting into a mold

Spinning wheel method

High-pressure torsion

Ball milling

Cold rolling

Chapter 3. Solidification

Abstract

Subchapter 3.1. Solidification by crystallization

Liquid → solid transformation by crystallization

Nucleation

Crystal growth

Viscosity

Kinetics of crystallization

Microstructure of solidified metals

Analysis of the KJMA equation

Subchapter 3.2. Solidification of glass

The process

Three characteristics common to all glasses

Relationship between cooling rate and vitrification

Brief history of metallic glasses

Glass-forming ability

Fragility

The cage effect

Chapter 4. Characterization of metallic glasses

Abstract

Subchapter 4.1. Glass transition theories

Introduction

Kinetic theory (WLF)

Free volume theory

Entropy theory

Stress fluctuations’ theory

Viscoelastic theory

Mode coupling theory (MCT)

Geometrical frustration theory

Cluster jamming theory

Space-time bubbles’ theory

Local transition events

Conclusions

Subchapter 4.2. Mechanical testing

Tensile testing

Compression testing

Shear testing

Hydrostatic testing

Surface hardness testing

The science and engineering of hardness testing

Testing at high temperature

Dynamic mechanical testing

Chapter 5. Models of structure

Abstract

Atomic arrangements in solids

Atoms and their properties

Models of atomic packing in crystals

Models of atomic packing in metallic glasses

Models of micro-structure in metals

References

Chapter 6. Magnetic properties of amorphous metallic alloys

Abstract

Section 1. The history of magnetism

Atomic-scale magnetism

Magnetism of one electron

Magnetism of one atom

Macroscopic-scale magnetism

Diamagnetism and paramagnetism

Ferromagnetism

Section 2. Applications of amorphous alloys

Fabrication techniques

Enhancement of soft magnetic properties

Applications of commercialized Fe-based BMGs

Magnetic behavior of Nd-based amorphous hard magnets

Enhancing the magnetic property by alloying elements

Magneto-caloric bulk amorphous alloys

A brief history of the magneto-caloric effect

Characterization of magneto-caloric materials

Magneto-caloric bulk metallic glasses

Section 3. Outlook of magnetic amorphous alloys

References

Chapter 7. Elasticity of metallic gasses

Abstract

Continuum mechanics

Affine and non-affine deformation

Deformation in bulk metallic glass

Elastic modulus by the X-ray method

Deformation in Zr55Al10Ni5Cu30 metallic glass

Deformation in Zr46.5Cu45Al7Ti1.5 metallic glass

Deformation in Zr64Cu16Ni10Al10 metallic glass under cooling

Deformation in thin film metallic glass

Structural evolution in Zr50Cu50 metallic glass during compression

Structural evolution in Zr64.13Cu15.75Ni10.12Al10 during heating

Changes in atomic structure revealed by radial distribution

References

Chapter 8. Introduction to anelastic deformation

Abstract

Creep

Stress relaxation

Mechanical relaxation and dynamic loss modulus

Time and temperature dependent behavior

Creep of aluminium-based metallic glass

Creep of Zr-based metallic glass

Dynamic relaxation in Fe63Al27 metallic glass

Free-volume anelastic deformation of metallic glasses

The β relaxation in La–Ni–Al metallic glass

Definitions of shear viscosity

References

Chapter 9. Plastic deformation and yield strength of metals

Abstract

Time–temperature deformation maps

Plasticity in metallic glasses

Plastic flow in MGs

Serrated flow at macroscopic level

Serrated flow at microscopic level

Summary and outlook

References

Chapter 10. Fracture mechanics of metallic glasses

Abstract

Fracture strength of an uncracked material

Shear fracture – Coulomb–Mohr theory

Tensile fracture – Griffith’s fracture criterion

Calculation of elastic strain energy

Calculation of crack surface energy

Solution for fracture stress

Fracture toughness

Limits of applicability of Eq. (10.24)

Irwin fracture criterion

Fatigue and fracture of metallic glasses

Dependence of strength on sample size

Instability and morphology of fracture

References

Appendix A. Thermodynamics of a system

Molecular system

Enthalpy

Entropy

Forces between atoms, molecules, and particles

Types of physical forces

Interatomic forces

Lennard-Jones interatomic potential

Buckingham potential

Morse potential

Many-atom potential

Stillinger–Weber potential

Embedded atom model potential

Gibbs free energy

Liquid-to-solid phase transformation

Computation of cluster potential

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