Language and Communication 1st edition by Jack Richards, Richard Schmidt ISBN 0582550343 978-0582550346

Introduction

Introduction to Chapter 1

1 From communicative competence to communicative language pedagogy

Introduction

1 Theoretical framework

1.1 The nature of communication

1.2 Communicative competence and actual communication

1.3 Components of communicative competence

2 Applications for second language teaching and testing

2.1 Knowledge-oriented and skill-oriented teaching and testing

2.2 Guiding principles for a communicative approach

3 Concluding remarks

Notes

Appendix A

Sample outline of communication objectives

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Introduction to Chapter 2

2 The domain of pragmatics

Introduction

Saying something

Illocutionary acts

Conditions on illocutionary acts

Performing illocutionary acts

Pragmatic formatives

Perlocutionary acts

Conclusion

Notes

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Introduction to Chapter 3

3 Rules of speaking

Note

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Introduction to Chapter 4

4 The structure of teachers’ directives

Speech functions

Directives

Teacher’s directives in the elementary school

1 Imperatives

2 Interrogates

3 Declaratives

Children’s comprehension of teacher’s directives

Notes

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Introduction to Chapter 5

5 Conversational analysis

1 The ethnomethodological perspective

2 The cooperative principle

3 Speech act and interactional acts

4 Adjacency pairs

5 Openings and closings

6 Topic

7 Turn taking

8 The good conversationalist

9 Repairs

10 Implications

Notes

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Introduction to Chapter 6

6 Face in interethnic communication

1 Interethnic communication in the modern world

1.1 Gatekeeping encounters

1.2 Communicative style as discourse

2 Four aspects of discourse

2.1 Distribution of talk, turn exchange

2.2 Topic control

2.3 Information structure

2.4 Frames, schemata, scripts

2.5 The presentation of self

3 Multi-ethnic gatekeeping, a recommendation

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Introduction to Chapter 7

7 Two puzzles for linguistic theory: Nativelike selection and nativelike fluency

1 Introduction

2 The puzzle of nativelike selection

3 The puzzle of nativelike fluency

4 Memorized sequences

5 Lexicalized sentence stems

6 Theoretical implications

Notes

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Introduction to Chapter 8

8 Monitoring and the second language learner

Introduction

1 Krashen’s ‘Monitor model’

2 A look at some data

3 Inside the black box

4 Linked systems

5 Toward an expanded version of Monitor Theory

(a)The Monitor as an acquisition device

(b)Variability

6 Summary and implications

Notes

Questions for discussion, study and further research

Bibliography

Index