Mental Health and The Built Environment More Than Bricks And Mortar 1st Edition by David Halpern – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1135343497, 9781135343491
Full dowload Mental Health and The Built Environment More Than Bricks And Mortar 1st Edition after payment
Product details:
Mental Health and The Built Environment More Than Bricks And Mortar 1st Table of contents:
1 Introduction and Background
Introduction
What is Meant by ‘The Built Environment?
Four Possible Channels of Influence
What is Mental Illness?
Everyday Psychopathology and Clinical Disorder
The Relationship between Mental Illness, Misery and Happiness
Psychological distress and happiness
Mental illness and misery
Satisfaction
The Causes of Mental Illness
Mental Illness and the Environment: Early Studies
Psychiatric Geographies
The New Town Studies
Urban-rural Differentials
Causes and Associations
Two Recurrent Methodological Issues
The Problem of Selection
The Problem of Response Bias
An Illustration of the Problem of Response Bias: Picking Apart Subjective Appraisals
The Methodological Alternatives
Identify a situation in which the link between income and housing quality is broken
Study similar income groups in contrasting housing
Identify significant but ‘invisible’ variables
Statistically control for the effects of income and other known correlates of mental health, and examine the residuals for the influence of environment
Employ a longitudinal design in which the subjects remain the same but within which the environment changes
The New Studies Presented in this Book
Summary
Notes
2 Classical Environmental Stressors
What is Environmental Stress?
The Stress Model
Classes of Stressors
The Seasons, Heat, Wind and Weather
Sunlight
Temperature
Barometric Pressure
Wind
Putting it Together- Weather Patterns
Air Pollution
Comparisons Across Areas
Comparisons Across Time
Noise
Auditory and Non-auditory Effects of Noise
Noise and Helping Behaviour
Noise in the Work Place
The Effects of Aircraft Noise
The Characteristics of the Noise-sensitive
Sensitivity to sound
Attitude towards source
Personality
Is there a noise-sensitivity interaction?
Summary: Initial Conclusions about the Impact of Noise on Mental Health
New Evidence on Noise: The Effects of Noise from Road Traffic
Search and Selection: About the Data Set
The Original Analysis
The Relationship Between Symptoms and Background Variables
The Relationship Between the Objective Level of Traffic Noise and Symptom Levels
Was the Association Between Traffic and Symptom Levels due to Compounded Background Variables?
Did the Reaction to Traffic Noise Depend Upon ‘Sensitivity’?
What Mediates the Relationship between Traffic Noise and Symptom Levels? Is it Annoyance?
So what are the Determinants of Noise-induced Annoyance, if not just Noise?
Controlling for the Amount Heard
Other Possible Mediators and Alternative Explanations of the Noise-symptoms Association
Summary- Does Noise Affect Mental Health?
Summary
Notes
Appendix to Chapter 2
3 Social Environmental Stressors
What is a Social Environmental Stressor?
Crowding
The Impetus for Crowding Research
Laboratory Studies of Crowding
Crowding in Family Dwellings
Neighbourhood or population density
Household density
Crowding between Relative Strangers: Dormitories and Student Accommodation
Crowding in Prisons
Towards a Model of Crowding Stress
The lack of physical space
The dilution of resources
The close proximity of others
The unavoidable and increased frequency of interaction
Crime, Fear, and the Environment
Environmental Criminology
Robbery and personal attack
Burglary
Vandalism
Fear and Other Psychological Consequences of Crime
The Psychological Consequences of Direct Victimization
The Psychological Consequences of the Indirect Experience of Crime
Informal vicarious experience
Mass media
Individual Vulnerability Factors
Individual physical vulnerability
Social vulnerability
Incivilities
Other Neighbourhood Characteristics Associated with Fear
Summary
Summary and Refinements to the Stress Model
Notes
Appendix
4 Social Support and the Planned Environment
Introduction
Social Networks, Social Support and Mental Illness
Sources and Types of Social Support
Main Effect or Buffer?
Social Factors Affecting Neighbouring Behaviour
Social Homogeneity- A Planners’ Dilemma
The Group Density Effect
The Physical Environment and Social Support
Physical Environments and Social Networks
Example 1: Supportive Environments
Example 2: Unsupportive Environments
Problems Arising from the Juxtaposition of Built Environments (Mixed Land Use)
The Relationship between Neighbour Helpfulness, Neighbour Problems and Mental Health
Further Evidence
Conclusion: The Ideal Neighbour and The Ideal Neighbourhood
Notes
5 The Environment as Symbol and the Example of the High Rise Flat
Introduction
The Environment as Symbol
Labelling
Aspiration-achievement Discrepancy
The Example of the High-rise Flat
The Evidence: Does Flat Dwelling Affect Mental Health?
Alternative Interpretations
Environmental stress
Social support
Symbol
Summary
Notes
Appendix
6 The Planning Process and Mental Health
Introduction — The Planning Process
Relocation and Slum Clearance
Resident Participation in the Planning Process
Conflicts in Aesthetics
Lack of Control
Case Study- Demolition!
General practitioner consultations
Psychiatric consultations
Results — The Impact of the Announcements on Residents
Changes in general practitioner consultation rates
The impact on patients with pre-existing psychiatric problems
Interpreting the Changes in Consultation Rates
Epilogue
Summary
Notes
7 Improving Mental Health Through the Environment: A Case Study
Introduction
A Comparison to Environmental Criminology
Design and Methodology of the Intervention Study
Sample size and Response Rate
About the Eastlake Estate and its People
The Design of the Estate
The People
The Intervention
Stage 1 of the Development
Stage 2 of the Development
Stage 3 of the Development
Summary — The Three Phases of the Development
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
The Impact of the Changes on Residents’ Attitudes, Fears and Concerns
Attitudes Towards the Council and the Potential of the Changes to Improve the Estate
Specific Fears and Concerns
General Attitudes Towards the Estate
The Social Atmosphere of the Estate
Quantitative Measures of Neighbour Involvement
Qualitative Measures of Neighbour Relations
The Impact on Residents’ Mental Health
The Relationship between Mental Health and the Population Characteristics
Changes in Residents’Mental Health Across the Stages of the Refurbishment
Interpreting the Changes in Mental Health
Discussion and Summary
Notes
Appendix
8 Mental Health and the Built Environment: Conclusions
Is There a Causal Relationship between Mental Illness and the Built Environment?
How does the Environment Affect Mental Health?
Environmental stress
Social support: the mixed blessing of neighbours
Symbolic aspects of the environment
The planning process
If There is an Effect, then How Large is it?
Why has it Taken so long to Establish Clear Evidence of a Causal Relationship between Mental Illnes
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.