Microfluidics for Medical Applications 1st edition by Albert van den Berg, Loes Segerink – Ebook PDF Instant Download/DeliveryISBN: 1849737593, 9781849737593
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ISBN 10 : 1849737593
ISBN 13 : 9781849737593
Author: Albert van den Berg, Loes Segerink
Lab-on-a-chip devices for point of care diagnostics have been present in clinics for several years now. Alongside their continual development, research is underway to bring the organs and tissue on-a-chip to the patient, amongst other medical applications of microfluidics. This book provides the reader with a comprehensive review of the latest developments in the application of microfluidics to medicine and is divided into three main sections. The first part of the book discusses the state-of-the-art in organs and tissue on a chip; the second provides a thorough background to microfluidics for medicine, and the third (and largest) section provides numerous examples of point-of-care diagnostics. Written with students and practitioners in mind, and with contributions from the leaders in the field across the globe, this book provides a complete digest of the state-of-the-art in microfluidics medical devices and will provide a handy resource for any laboratory or clinic involved in the development or application of such devices.
Microfluidics for Medical Applications 1st Table of contents:
Chapter 1 Microtechnologies in the Fabrication of Fibers for Tissue Engineering
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Fiber Formation Techniques
1.2.1 Co-axial Flow Systems
1.3 Wetspinning
1.4 Meltspinning (Extrusion)
1.5 Electrospinning
1.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 2 Kidney on a Chip
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Kidney Structure and Function
2.3 Mimicking Kidney Environment
2.3.1 Extracellular Matrix
2.3.2 Mechanical Stimulation
2.3.3 Various Kidney Cells
2.3.4 Extracellular Environment
2.4 Kidney on a Chip
2.4.1 Microfluidic Approach for Kidney on a Chip
2.4.2 Fabrication of Kidney on a Chip
2.4.3 Various Kidney Chips
2.5 Future Opportunities and Challenges
References
Chapter 3 Blood-brain Barrier (BBB): An Overview of the Research of the Blood-brain Barrier Using Mi
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Blood-brain Barrier
3.2.1 Neurovascular Unit
3.2.2 Transport
3.2.3 Multidrug Resistance
3.2.4 Neurodegenerative Diseases – Loss of BBB Function
3.3 Modeling the BBB in Vitro
3.3.1 Microfluidic in Vitro Models of the BBB: the ‘‘BBB-on-Chip’’
3.3.2 Cellular Engineering
3.3.3 Biochemical Engineering
3.3.4 Biophysical Engineering
3.4 Measurement Techniques
3.4.1 Transendothelial Electrical Resistance
3.4.2 Permeability
3.4.3 Fluorescence Microscopy
3.5 Conclusion and Future Prospects
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 4 The Use of Microfluidic-based Neuronal Cell Cultures to Study Alzheimer’s Disease
4.1 Alzheimer’s Disease – Increased Mortality Rates and Still Incurable
4.2 Unknowns of Alzheimer’s Disease
4.2.1 Molecular Key Players of AD
4.2.2 From Molecules to Neuronal Networks
4.3 Why Microsystems May Be a Key in Understanding the Propagation of AD
4.3.1 Requirements for in Vitro Studies on AD Progression
4.3.2 Establishing Ordered Neuronal Cultures with Microfluidics
4.4 Micro-devices-based in Vitro Alzheimer Models
4.4.1 First Microtechnology-based Experimental Models
4.4.2 Requirements of Future Micro-device-based Studies
4.5 Questions that May Be Addressed by Micro-controlled Cultures
References
Chapter 5 Microbubbles for Medical Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Microbubbles for Imaging
5.1.2 Microbubbles for Therapy
5.1.3 Microbubbles for Cleaning
5.2 Microbubble Basics
5.2.1 Microbubble Dynamics
5.3 Microbubble Stability
5.4 Microbubble Formation
5.5 Microbubble Modeling and Characterization
5.5.1 Optical Characterization
5.5.2 Sorting Techniques
5.5.3 Acoustical Characterization
5.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
Chapter 6 Magnetic Particle Actuation in Stationary Microfluidics for Integrated Lab-on-Chip Biosens
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Capture of Analyte Using Magnetic Particles
6.2.1 The Analyte Capture Process
6.2.2 Analyte Capture Using Magnetic Particles in a Static Fluid
6.3 Analyte Detection
6.3.1 Magnetic Particles as Carriers
6.3.2 Agglutination Assay with Magnetic Particles
6.3.3 Surface-binding Assay with Magnetic Particles as Labels
6.3.4 Magnetic Stringency
6.4 Integration of Magnetic Actuation Processes
6.5 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Chapter 7 Microfluidics for Assisted Reproductive Technologies
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Gamete Manipulations
7.2.1 Male Gamete Sorting
7.2.2 Female Gamete Quality Assessment
7.3 In Vitro Fertilization
7.4 Cryopreservation
7.5 Embryo Culture
7.6 Embryo Analysis
7.7 Conclusion
References
Chapter 8 Microfluidic Diagnostics for Low-resource Settings: Improving Global Health without a Powe
8.1 Introduction: Need for Diagnostics in Low-resource Settings
8.1.1 Importance of Diagnostic Testing
8.1.2 Limitations in Low-resource Settings
8.1.3 Scope of Chapter
8.2 Types of Diagnostic Testing Needed in Low-resource Settings
8.2.1 Diagnosing Disease
8.2.2 Monitoring Disease
8.2.3 Counterfeit Drug Testing
8.2.4 Environmental Testing
8.3 Overview of Microfluidic Diagnostics for Use at the Point of Care
8.3.1 Channel-based Microfluidics
8.3.2 Paper-based Microfluidics
8.4 Enabling All Aspects of Diagnostic Testing in Low-resource Settings: Examples of and Opportuniti
8.4.1 Transportation and Storage of Devices in Low-resource Settings
8.4.2 Specimen Collection
8.4.3 Sample Preparation
8.4.4 Running the Assay
8.4.5 Signal Read-out
8.4.6 Data Integration into Health Systems
8.4.7 Disposal
8.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 9 Isolation and Characterization of Circulating Tumor Cells
9.1 Introduction
9.2 CTC Definition in CellSearch System
9.3 Clinical Relevance of CTCs
9.4 Identification of Treatment Targets on CTCs
9.5 Technologies for CTC Enumeration
9.6 Isolation and Identification of CTCs in Microfluidic Devices
9.6.1 Microfluidic Devices for CTC Isolation Based on Physical Properties
9.6.2 Microfluidic Devices to Isolate CTCs Based on Immunological Properties
9.6.3 Microfluidic Devices to Isolate CTCs Based on Physical as well as Immunological Properties
9.6.4 Characterization of CTCs in Microfluidic Devices
9.7 Summary and Outlook
References
Chapter 10 Microfluidic Impedance Cytometry for Blood Cell Analysis
10.1 Introduction
10.2 The Full Blood Count
10.2.1 Clinical Diagnosis and the Full Blood Count
10.2.2 Commercial FBC Devices
10.3 Microfluidic Impedance Cytometry (MIC)
10.3.1 Measurement Principle
10.3.2 Behavior of Cells in AC fields
10.3.3 Sizing Particles
10.3.4 Cell Membrane Capacitance Measurements
10.3.5 Microfluidic FBC Chip
10.3.6 Accuracy and Resolution
10.3.7 Antibody Detection
10.4 Further Applications of MIC
10.4.1 Cell Counting and Viability
10.4.2 Parasitized Cells
10.4.3 Tumor Cells and Stem Cell Morphology
10.4.4 High-frequency Measurements
10.5 Future Challenges
References
Chapter 11 Routine Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics Using Point of Care or Lab on a Chip Technology
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Point-of-care Testing
11.2.1 Categorization of POCT Devices
11.2.2 Role of POCT in Laboratory Medicine
11.3 Glucometers
11.3.1 The WHO and ADA Criteria of Diabetes
11.3.2 Plasma Glucose or Blood Glucose
11.3.3 Glucometers in Medical Practice
11.3.4 Glucometers in Gestational Diabetes
11.3.5 Continuous Glucose Monitoring
11.4 i-STAT: a Multi-parameter Unit-use POCT Instrument
11.4.1 Clinical Chemistry
11.4.2 Cardiac Markers
11.4.3 Hematology
11.4.4 Clinical Use and Performance
11.5 Conclusions
References
Chapter 12 Medimate Minilab, a Microchip Capillary Electrophoresis Self-test Platform
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis as a Self-test Platform
12.2.1 Conducting a Measurement
12.2.2 Measurement Process
12.2.3 From Research Technology to Self-test Platform
12.3 A Lithium Self-test for Patients with Manic Depressive Illness
12.4 Validation Method
12.4.1 Applied Guidelines
12.4.2 Acceptance Criteria
12.4.3 Sample Availability, Preparation, and other Considerations
12.5 Validation Results
12.5.1 Reproducibility
12.5.2 Linearity
12.5.3 Method Comparison
12.5.4 Home Test
12.5.5 Other Study Results
12.5.6 Final Evaluation
12.6 Platform Potential
12.6.1 Current Platform Capabilities
12.6.2 Future Possibilities and Limitations
12.7 Conclusions
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Tags: Microfluidics, Medical Applications, Albert van den Berg, Loes Segerink