Natural Polymer Drug Delivery Systems: Nanoparticles, Plants and Algae 1st Edition by Saurabh Bhatia – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 3319411293, 9783319411293
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ISBN 10: 3319411293
ISBN 13: 9783319411293
Author: Saurabh Bhatia
This book describes 200 bio-polymers, including the most recent and advanced nanotechnology applications. The applications of various bio-medical and other future potential uses are covered and examined in depth. Systematic discussion of current leading natural polymers is also included.
Natural Polymer Drug Delivery Systems: Nanoparticles, Plants and Algae 1st Table of contents:
Chapter 1: Nanotechnology and Its Drug Delivery Applications
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Historical Prospects of Nanotechnology
1.3 Promising Role in Drug Delivery
1.3.1 Nanoparticles and Drug Delivery
1.3.2 Use of NPs Formulation in Drug Delivery
1.3.3 Cellular and Intracellular Targets
1.3.4 The Brain—The Ultimate Target for Drug Delivery
1.4 Innovations in Nanotechnology
1.5 Nanotechnology Theory to Applications
1.6 Nanomedicine/Nanoscience/Nano-Engineering and Relationship with Drug Delivery
1.6.1 Nanomedicine and Drug Delivery
1.6.1.1 Advantages of Nanoparticles for Nanomedicine
1.6.1.2 Challenges
1.6.2 Nanoengineering and Drug Delivery
1.7 Types of Nanodelivery: Natural or Synthetic
1.7.1 Synthetic Polymers
1.7.2 Natural Polymers
1.8 Natural and Synthetic Polymeric Nanoparticles
References
Chapter 2: Nanoparticles Types, Classification, Characterization, Fabrication Methods and Drug Deli
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Classification of Nanoparticles
2.3 Characterization of Nanoparticles
2.3.1 Particle Size
2.3.1.1 Photon-Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS) or Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)
2.3.1.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)
2.3.1.3 Transmission Electron Microscope
2.3.1.4 Atomic Force Microscopy
2.3.2 Surface Charge
2.3.3 Surface Hydrophobicity
2.3.4 Drug Release
2.4 Preparation of Nanoparticles
2.4.1 Solvent Evaporation Method
2.4.2 Spontaneous Emulsification or Solvent Diffusion Method
2.4.3 Double Emulsion and Evaporation Method
2.4.4 Salting Out Method
2.4.4.1 Advantages
2.4.4.2 Disadvantages
2.4.5 Emulsions-Diffusion Method
2.4.5.1 Disadvantages
2.4.6 Solvent Displacement/Precipitation Method
2.4.7 Coacervation or Ionic Gelation Method
2.4.8 Polymerization Method
2.4.9 Production of Nanoparticles Using Supercritical Fluid Technology
2.5 Most Favorable Requirements for Designing Therapeutic Nanoparticles
2.6 Types of Pharmaceutical Nanosystems
2.6.1 Carbon Based Structures
2.6.1.1 Applications
2.6.2 Fullerenes
2.6.2.1 Applications
2.6.2.2 Toxicity
2.6.3 Quantum Dots
2.6.3.1 Applications
2.6.3.2 Toxicity
2.6.4 Nanoshells
2.6.4.1 Applications
2.6.5 Nanobubbles
2.6.5.1 Applications
• Toxicity
2.6.6 Paramagnetic Nanoparticles
2.6.6.1 Applications
2.6.7 Nanosomes
2.6.8 Pharmacyte
2.6.8.1 Niosome
2.6.9 Dendrimers
2.6.9.1 Applications
2.6.9.2 Toxicity
2.6.10 Nanopores
2.6.10.1 Application
2.6.11 Microbivores
2.6.11.1 Application
2.6.12 Nanocrystals and Nanosuspension
2.6.12.1 Applications
2.6.12.2 Toxicity
2.6.13 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
2.6.13.1 Applications
2.6.14 Silicon-Based Structures
2.6.14.1 Applications
2.6.15 Metallic Nanoparticles
2.6.15.1 Applications
2.6.16 Liposomes
2.6.16.1 Applications
2.6.17 Polymeric Micelles
2.6.18 Polymer Drug Conjugate
2.6.19 Polyplexes/Lipopolyplexes
2.6.20 Respirocytes
2.6.21 Polymeric Nanoparticles
2.6.22 Applications of Nanoparticulate Delivery Systems
2.6.23 Passive Targeting
2.6.24 Active Targeting
2.6.25 Tumor Targeting Using Nanoparticulate Delivery Systems
2.6.26 Long-Circulating and Target-Specific Nanoparticles
2.6.27 Nanoparticles for Oral Delivery of Peptides and Proteins
2.6.28 Nanoparticles for Gene Delivery
2.6.29 Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery into the Brain
2.6.30 Anthrax Vaccine Uses Nanoparticles to Produce Immunity
2.6.31 Stem Cell Therapy
2.6.32 Gold Nanoparticles Detect Cancer
2.6.32.1 AuNPs in Cancer Therapy
2.6.32.1.1 AuNPs as Delivery Systems
2.6.32.2 Toxicity of AuNPs
2.7 Hazards and Toxicity Profile of Nanoparticles
2.7.1 Health Implication of Nanoparticles
References
Chapter 3: Natural Polymers vs Synthetic Polymer
3.1 Bioengineered Materials: Nano-Engines of Drug Delivery Systems
3.2 Polymeric Nanoparticles
3.3 Contemporary Methodologies for Fabrication of Polymeric Nanoparticles
3.4 Activation-Modulated Drug Delivery: Environmental Activation/Stimuli Responsive Smart Delivery S
3.5 Time to Move on Innovative Methods of Administration
3.6 History of Drug Delivery from the Ancient to Date
3.6.1 Historical Role of Polymers as Plastics
3.7 Shift from Nature to Synthetic (Including the Merits and Demerits of Synthetic Polymers)
3.7.1 Natural Polymers and Synthetic Polymers for Scaffolds
3.7.2 Natural vs Synthetic Polymer (as Biomaterial)
3.7.3 Natural vs Synthetic Polymer in Tissue Engineering
3.7.4 Natural vs Synthetic Polymer Hydrogels
3.8 Natural Polymers (Reasons for Reverting to Nature)
3.8.1 Need of Natural Polymers
3.8.2 Disadvantages of Herbal Polymers
References
Chapter 4: Plant Derived Polymers, Properties, Modification & Applications
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sources of Plant Polymers
4.3 Methods of Extractions
4.3.1 Cold Extraction
4.3.2 Hot Extraction [Mild Acidic (EHA), Alkaline (EHB) and Radical Hydrolysis (EHR)]4.3.3 Radical Hydrolysis (EHR)
4.3.4 Microwave Assisted Extraction (EM)
4.3.5 Ultrasonic Extraction (EU)
4.3.6 Enzymatic Hydrolysis (EE)
4.4 Chemical Composition Analysis
4.5 Physical Properties
4.5.1 Determination of Gelling Strength (GS)
4.5.2 Determination of Gelling Temperature (GT) and Melting Temperature (MT)
4.5.3 Viscosity Measurement (VS)
4.5.4 Molecular Mass Determination (MM)
4.6 Physical-Chemical Modification of Plant Based Natural Polymers (PBNPS)
4.6.1 Chemical Modifications of Plant Based Natural Polymers (PBNPS)
4.6.1.1 Noncovalent Surface Chemical Modifications of Plant Based Natural Polymers (PBNPS)
4.6.1.2 Tempo-Mediated Oxidation
4.6.1.3 Cationization of Plant Based Natural Polymers
4.6.1.4 Esterification, Silylation and Other Surface Chemical Modifications of Plant Based Natural
4.6.1.5 Carboxymethylation and Acetylation
4.6.1.6 Polymer Grafting of Plant Based Natural Polymers
4.6.2 Procedure for the Development of Microfibrillated Plant Based Polymers (MPBPS) by Physical
4.6.2.1 Mechanical Treatments
Homogenizer and Microfluidizer
Grinding Process
Cryocrushing
Electrospinning
Energy Consumption and New Processes
4.6.3 Pre-treatment
4.6.3.1 Enzymatic Pre-treatment
4.6.4 Post-treatments
4.6.5 Dual Modifications
4.6.6 Ozonation
4.7 Genetic/Biotechnology Modification
4.8 Applications of Plant Based Polysaccharides
4.8.1 Cellulose
4.8.2 Hemicellulose
4.8.2.1 Arabinoxylans
4.8.2.2 Glucomannans
4.8.3 Starches
4.8.4 Pectin
4.8.5 Inulin
4.8.6 Rosin
4.8.7 Plant Based Gums
4.8.7.1 Gum Arabic
4.8.7.2 Tragacanth Gum
4.8.7.3 Mucilage Gums
4.8.7.4 Locust Bean Gum
4.8.7.5 Guar Gum
4.8.7.6 Grewia Gum
4.8.7.7 Okra Gum
4.8.7.8 Kyaha Gum
4.8.7.9 Moringaoleifer Gum
4.8.7.10 Irvingiagabonensis
4.8.7.11 Hakeagibbosa Gum
4.8.7.12 Psyllium Mucilage
4.8.7.13 Miscellaneous Gums and Mucilage
References
Chapter 5: Marine Polysaccharides Based Nano-Materials and Its Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Polysaccharides Derived from Marine Sources
5.2.1 Marine Algae Based Polysaccharides
5.2.2 Marine Crustaceans Derived Polysaccharides
5.2.2.1 Chitin
5.2.2.2 Chitosan and Chitooligosaccharides
5.2.2.3 Marine Microorganisms
5.3 Nanomaterials Derived from Marine Sources
5.3.1 Nano Scaffolds Derived from Fucoidan
5.3.2 Alginate Nanoparticles
5.3.3 Carrageenan Based Nanoparticles
5.3.4 Agarose Nanoparticles
5.3.5 Porphyran Based Nanoparticles
5.3.6 Nanofibers of Ulvan
5.3.7 Mauran Based Nanoparticles
5.3.8 Chitin and Its Nanoparticles
5.3.9 Chitosan Based Nanoparticles
5.3.10 Chitooligosaccharide Based Nanoparticles
5.4 Marine Polysaccharide-Based Nanomaterials and Its Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications
5.4.1 Biomedical Applications of Marine Polysaccharides
5.4.1.1 Antimicrobial Activity
5.4.1.2 Marine Based Nanomaterials and Its Drug Delivery Applications
5.4.1.3 Genetic Transformation
5.4.1.4 Algal Polymers and Its Applications in Tissue Engineering
5.4.1.5 For Delivery of Anticancer Drugs
5.4.1.6 Treatment of Infection and Wounds
5.4.2 Role of Marine Based Polysaccharides for Biotechnological Applications
5.4.2.1 Biosensor Technology
5.4.2.2 Waste Water Management
5.5 Marine Polysaccharide-Based Nanomaterials and Its Patents
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