Poverty and Development in China Alternative Approaches to Poverty Assessment Routledge Contemporary China Series 1st edition by Caizhen Lu ISBN 0415618223 978-0415618229

Poverty and Development in China: Alternative Approaches to Poverty Assessment (Routledge Contemporary China Series) 1st edition by Caizhen Lu – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 0415618223 , 978-0415618229
Full download Poverty and Development in China: Alternative Approaches to Poverty Assessment (Routledge Contemporary China Series) 1st edition after payment

Product details:

ISBN 10: 0415618223  
ISBN 13:  978-0415618229
Author: Caizhen Lu 

China has made huge economic strides in recent decades but poverty is still a major issue on the agenda for rural China. Poverty and Development in China analyses how poverty is recognized and measured and how people in poverty are identified, literally asking: who is poor in China? Lu Caizhen’s research compares four approaches to poverty assessment: China’s official poverty identification method, the participatory approach to poverty assessment, the monetary approach, and use of multidimensional poverty indicators. Each of these is applied to the same population of households to identify the poor in rural Wuding County, Yunnan Province.

The analysis shows that there is in fact very little overlap of households identified as poor by the various means, and that choice of approach does matter in the outcome of who is identified as poor. This has implications at the theoretical, methodological, and policy levels. Lu discusses these in detail, concluding that at present, there is a need to shift away from poverty reduction strategies that narrowly emphasize income generation activities, as these are often short-term efforts. Instead, the focus should move towards a broader combination of short-term and long-term strategies to break poverty’s inter-linked structural causes.

Poverty and Development in China: Alternative Approaches to Poverty Assessment (Routledge Contemporary China Series) 1st Table of contents:

1 Introduction

1.1 Research problem

1.2 Justification and context

1.2.1 Poverty assessment in China

1.2.2 Anti-poverty policy in China

1.2.3 Participation

1.3 Overview of five approaches to poverty assessment

1.3.1 The monetary approach

1.3.2 The capabilities approach

1.3.3 Social exclusion

1.3.4 Participatory poverty assessment

1.3.5 Multidimensional poverty assessment

1.3.6 Politics of methodology

1.4 Research questions

1.5 Research methodology

1.5.1 Site selection

1.5.2 Methodology, approaches and tools

1.6 Organization of the study

2 Poverty in China Macro perspective

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Definition and measurement of poverty

2.2.1 Definitions of poverty

2.2.2 Types of poverty

2.2.3 Poverty measurement

2.3 Rural poverty in China

2.3.1 Background

2.3.2 Changes in the rural poverty rate

2.3.3 Characteristics of the rural poor

2.3.4 Regional poverty

2.3.5 Inequality

2.3.6 Human aspects of poverty

2.4 Conclusion

3 Economy, society and deprivation in Yunnan

3.1 Introduction

3.2 History and social change in Yunnan

3.3 Economic structure and social framework in Yunnan

3.4 Trends of poverty and patterns of deprivation

3.4.1 Poor infrastructure

3.4.2 Limited education

3.4.3 Unmet health care needs

3.4.4 Low income

3.4.5 Limited goods and food

3.4.6 Few assets and low quality of life

3.4.7 Deprivation of time

3.5 Social divisions and poverty

3.5.1 Minorities and poverty

3.5.2 Border areas and poverty

3.5.3 Disability and poverty

3.5.4 Gender and poverty

3.5.5 Ageing and poverty

3.5.6 Environment and poverty

3.5.7 Participation and poverty

3.6 Poverty alleviation

3.6.1 Poverty alleviation policy in Yunnan

3.7 Poverty and anti-poverty measures in Wuding, Yunnan

3.7.1 Basic information

3.7.2 Poverty and poverty reduction in Wuding

3.8 The field site

3.8.1 Spatial and social aspects of Jiankang

3.8.2 Land and livelihood

3.8.3 Work and income

3.8.4 Access to education

3.8.5 Gender issues

3.8.6 Vulnerability

3.9 Conclusion

4 The official poverty identification method ‘You are the poor’

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Review of the rural household survey in China

4.3 The data and process of official poverty identification in the village

4.3.1 The data

4.3.2 The process

4.4 Who are the poor on the official poor list?

4.5 Characteristics of the official poor

4.6 Dynamics of official poverty

4.7 Reflection on the exercise

5 The monetary poverty approach ‘They are the poor’

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Choice of poverty lines

5.2.1 The national poverty line and low-income line in 2004

5.2.2 The actual-price-based national poverty line and low-income line

5.2.3 The World Bank poverty lines of US$1.25 per day and $2 per day

5.2.4 The local people’s poverty line and low-income line

5.3 Process, data and definitions

5.3.1 The process and data

5.3.2 Defining important methodological terms

5.4 Application of the monetary approach to identify the poor

5.4.1 The ‘expenditure poor’

5.4.2 The ‘income poor’

5.5 Attributes and correlations of poverty

5.6 Critical reflection on the exercise

5.6.1 Problems with the monetary approach

5.6.2 Problems with measurement

6 Participatory poverty assessment ‘We are the poor’

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Process and data for participatory poverty assessment

6.3 Background and history of poverty

6.3.1 Poverty before 1950

6.3.2 Poverty between the 1950s and 1970s

6.3.3 Poverty from the 1980s to the present

6.3.4 Ethnicity, women, social exclusion and poverty

6.4 Local people’s definition of poverty

6.4.1 Assets

6.4.2 State-provided commodities

6.4.3 Family ties or structure

6.4.4 Quality of life

6.4.5 Dignity

6.4.6 Autonomy

6.4.7 Vulnerability and insecurity

6.5 Causes of poverty

6.6 Stratification and wealth ranking

6.7 Characteristics of poor and non-poor households

6.8 Dynamics of poverty

6.8.1 Lifecycle poverty dynamics

6.8.2 Seasonality within a year

6.8.3 Dynamics from non-poverty to poverty

6.8.4 Dynamics from poverty to non-poverty

6.9 Solutions and strategies for poverty reduction

6.10 New village-level official participatory politics

6.11 Reflection on the exercise

7 The multidimensional poverty indicators ‘Who are the poor?’

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Application of multidimensional poverty indicators

7.2.1 Data

7.2.2 Process

7.3 Selection of dimensions and indicators

7.3.1 Demography

7.3.2 Human development

7.3.3 Assets

7.3.4 Employment

7.3.5 Utilities and services

7.3.6 Consumption expenditure

7.3.7 Participation

7.3.8 Other indicators

7.4 Correlation of indictors with expenditure, income and PWR results

7.5 Household score and distribution ranking

7.6 Reflections on the exercise

8 Conclusions and the policy implications of choice of approach from the multiple identifications

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Comparison of different approaches and empirical findings

8.2.1 Different approaches generate different aggregate poverty incidences

8.2.2 Different approaches identify households with different characteristics as poor

8.2.3 Little overlap of households among different approaches

8.2.4 Different approaches highlight and hide different aspects, each has strengths and weaknesses

8.3 The choice of approach does matter!

8.4 Limitations and challenges

8.5 Policy significance of choice of approach

8.5.1 Conceptual implications

8.5.2 Methodological implications

8.5.3 Policy implications

Appendices

Appendix A1 Questionnaire For Households

I Basic information on the households

II Labour time use

III Infrastructure (housing, living, water, electricity, communication, facilities)

IV Distance from institutions and public facilities and frequency of visits

V Assets

V1 Durable consumer assets

V2 Furniture

V3 Productive assets

V4 Total land resources

V5 Renting of land

VI Income

VI1 Income from planting crops and production in 2005

VI2 Income from forest and forest products

VI3 Income from special events in 2005

VI4 Income from non-farm enterprise/activities (self-employed labour, private enterprise, shop, restaurant, snack, small business, clinic, transportation)

VI5 Transfer income

VI6 Income from animal husbandry and its products

VI7 Income from rent

VI8 Income from fixed job and migrant employment of family members

VII Expenditure

VII1 Living expenses

VII2 Productive expenses

VII3 Animal husbandry expenses

VII4 Expenses for special events

VII5 Expenditure hiring labour or tenants

VII6 Transportation and communication fees

VII7 Medical and health costs over the year

VII8 Education expenses

VIII Summary of source of main income and expenditure

IX Debts and credits of money and goods

X Savings and Deposits

XI Characteristics of the household

Appendix A2 Correlations Between Different Indicators and Expenditure Per Adult Equivalent

Appendix A3 Correlations Between Net Income Per Adult Equivalent and Different Indicators

Appendix A4 Correlations between education, migration, schoolchildren, sick members, disabled members, household size, ethnicity and female-headed households with net income and expenditure per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.1 Correlations between average education years of adults over age 15 and per capita expenditure per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.2 Correlations between average education years of household heads and per capita income per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.3 Correlations between average education years of household heads and average expenditure per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.4 Correlations between average number of migrants in each household and average income per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.5 Correlations between average number of migrants in each household and average expenditure per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.6 Correlations between average number of schoolchildren in each household and average expenditure per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.7 Correlations between average number of sick persons in each decile and average expenditure per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.8 Correlations between average household size and average expenditure per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.9 Correlations between average household size and average income per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.10 Correlations between total number of disabled persons and average income per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.11 Correlations between number of Miao ethnic households and average expenditure adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.12 Correlations between number of Miao ethnic households and average net income per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.13 Correlations between number of Yi ethnic households and average expenditure adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A4.14 Correlations between number of female-headed households and average net income per adult equivalent in deciles

Appendix A5 Correlations Between PWR Results and Indicators

Appendix A6 Correlations Between Indicators and Expenditure Per Adult Equivalent Deciles, Income Deciles and PWR Results

Appendix A7 Overlaps of Poor Households Between Two Approaches

Appendix A7.A1 Official poverty list versus national poverty line

Appendix A7.A2 Official poverty list versus actual-price-based poverty line

Appendix A7.A3 Official poverty list versus local people’s poverty line

Appendix A7.A4 Official poverty list versus PWR

Appendix A7.A5 Official poverty list versus MDIs

Appendix A7.B1 National poverty line versus actual-price-based poverty line

Appendix A7.B2 National poverty line versus PWR

Appendix A7.B3 National poverty line versus local people’s poverty line

Appendix A7.B4 National poverty line versus MDI

Appendix A7.C1 Actual-price-based poverty line versus PWR

Appendix A7.C2 Actual-price-based poverty line versus MDIs

Appendix A7.C3 Actual-price-based poverty line versus local people’s poverty line

Appendix A7.D1 Local people’s poverty line versus PWR

Appendix A7.D2 Local people’s poverty line versus MDIs

Appendix A7.E1 PWR versus MDIs

People also search for Poverty and Development in China: Alternative Approaches to Poverty Assessment (Routledge Contemporary China Series) 1st :

poverty and development in china

poverty in china

poverty in china today

absolute poverty in china

why is china a developing country

Tags:

Caizhen Lu,Poverty and Development,Alternative Approaches