Practical Argument 4th edition by Laurie Kirszner, Stephen Mandell – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1319194451 , 978-1319194451
Full download Practical Argument 4th edition after payment
Product details:
ISBN 10: 1319194451
ISBN 13: 978-1319194451
Author: Laurie Kirszner, Stephen Mandell
More than ever, successful argumentation is a major part of academic success―and has plenty of real-world application. But students don’t benefit when they are bogged down with technical jargon and abstraction. That’s where Practical Argument comes in.
Bestselling authors Laurie Kirszner and Stephen Mandell make argumentative writing accessible with a scaffolded, step-by-step approach to convey what students need to know about argument, in understandable language. The Fourth Edition includes an even more contemporary and diverse array of readings, as well as new coverage of the kinds of visual arguments students are likely to encounter in their everyday lives.
Practical Argument 4th Table of contents:
Part 1 Understanding Argument
An Introduction to Argument
Recognizing Arguments
Why Instructors Assign Argument
Defining Argument
What Kinds of Statements Are Not Debatable?
Arguments in Real Life
Winning and Losing Arguments
The Rhetorical Situation
Considering the Writer
Considering the Purpose
Considering the Audience
Considering the Question
Considering the Context
Logos, Pathos, and Ethos
The Appeal to Reason (Logos)
Logos in Action
The Appeal to the Emotions (Pathos)
Pathos in Action
The Appeal to Authority (Ethos)
Ethos in Action
The Rhetorical Triangle
Chapter 1 The Four Pillars of Argument
At Issue: Is a College Education Worth the Money?
The Elements of Argument
Thesis Statement
Evidence
Refutation
Concluding Statement
Checklist: Does your Argument Stand up?
Nia Tuckson, Why Foreign-Language Study Should Be Required
Andy Kessler, Learn a Language, But Not a Human One
Reading and Writing About the Issue: Is a College Education Worth the Money?
Ellen Ruppel Shell, College May Not Be Worth It Anymore
Marty Nemko, We Send Too Many Students to College
Jennie Le, What Does It Mean to Be a College Grad?
Bryan Caplan, The World Might Be Better Off without College for Everyone
Mary C. Daly And Leila Bengali, Is It Still Worth Going to College?
Template for structuring an argument
Ayelet W., University Of The People, Does College Still Matter in 2018?
Part 2 Reading and Responding to Arguments
Chapter 2 Thinking and Reading Critically
At Issue: Does Recycling Really Accomplish Anything?
Thinking Critically
Using Critical-Thinking Skills
Reading Critically
Guidelines for Reading Critically
Becoming an Active Reader
Previewing
Close Reading
Comprehension Clues
John Tierney, The Reign of Recycling
Highlighting
Suggestions for Highlighting
It’s Time to Phase Out Single-Use Plastic
Annotating
Checklist: Questions for Annotating
The Times Editorial Board, It’s Time to Phase Out Single-Use Plastic
Bob Holmes, Waste Not . . . ?
Jenny Luna, We Are So Forked
Writing a Critical Response
Checklist: Questions for Annotating
Neena Thomason, Response to “It’s Time to Phase Out All Single-Use Plastic”
Template for Writing a Critical Response
Chapter 3 Reading and Responding to Visual Arguments
At Issue: Does Recycling Really Accomplish Anything? (continued)
Visuals versus Visual Arguments
Reading Visual Arguments
Comprehension Clues
Appeals: Logos, Pathos, and Ethos
National Geographic Cover
Recycling Bar Graph
Bird Trapped in Plastic
Recycling Cartoon
Waste Pie Chart
Town Recycling Program
Straws Suck!
Now You Know What Your Empty Beverage Containers Can Become
Highlighting and Annotating Visual Arguments
What Goes in the Ocean Goes in You
Energy Saving Eco Lifestyle
Responding Critically to Visual Arguments
Checklist: Questions for Responding To Visual Arguments
Gabriel Dunn, Response to “What Goes in the Ocean Goes in You”
Template for Responding To Visual Arguments
Chapter 4 Writing a Rhetorical Analysis
At Issue: Is It Ethical to Buy Counterfeit Designer Merchandise?
What Is a Rhetorical Analysis?
Overview: “Letter from Birmingham Jail” by Martin Luther King Jr.
Considering the Rhetorical Situation
Analyzing the Rhetorical Situation
The Writer
Analyzing the Writer
The Writer’s Purpose
Analyzing the Writer’s Purpose
The Writer’s Audience
Analyzing the Writer’s Audience
The Question
Analyzing the Question
The Context
Analyzing the Context
Considering the Means of Persuasion: Logos, Pathos, Ethos
The Appeal to Reason (Logos)
The Appeal to the Emotions (Pathos)
The Appeal to Authority (Ethos)
Considering the Writer’s Rhetorical Strategies
Thesis
Organization
Evidence
Stylistic Techniques
Assessing the Argument
Checklist: Preparing to Write a Rhetorical Analysis
Sample Rhetorical Analysis
Dana Thomas, Terror’s Purse Strings
Deniz Bilgutay, A Powerful Call to Action
Rajeev Ravisankar, Sweatshop Oppression
Template for Writing a Rhetorical Analysis
Jerome Sieger, Sweatshops Are Good
Chapter 5 Understanding Logic and Recognizing Logical Fallacies
At Issue: How Free Should Free Speech Be?
What Is Deductive Reasoning?
Constructing Sound Syllogisms
Syllogism with an Illogical Middle Term
Syllogism with a Key Term Whose Meaning Shifts
Syllogism with Negative Premise
Recognizing Enthymemes
Bumper-Sticker Thinking
Writing Deductive Arguments
Crystal Sanchez, College Should Be for Everyone
What Is Inductive Reasoning?
Reaching Inductive Conclusions
Making Inferences
Constructing Strong Inductive Arguments
Generalization Too Broad
Atypical Evidence
Irrelevant Evidence
Exceptions to the Rule
Writing Inductive Arguments
William Saletan, Please Do Not Feed the Humans
Recognizing Logical Fallacies
Begging the Question
Circular Reasoning
Weak Analogy
Ad Hominem Fallacy (Personal Attack)
Creating a Straw Man
Hasty or Sweeping Generalization (Jumping to a Conclusion)
Either/Or Fallacy (False Dilemma)
Equivocation
Red Herring
Slippery Slope
You Also (Tu Quoque)
Appeal to Doubtful Authority
Misuse of Statistics
Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc (After This, Therefore Because of This)
Non Sequitur (It Does Not Follow)
Bandwagon Fallacy
Patrick J. Buchanan, Immigration Time-Out
Reading And Writing About The Issue: How Free Should Free Speech Be?
Sean McElwee, The Case for Censoring Hate Speech
Sol Stern, The Unfree Speech Movement
American Association Of University Professors, On Freedom of Expression and Campus Speech Codes
Jonathan Haidt, Intimidation Is the New Normal
Laurie Essig, Talking Past Each Other on Free Speech
Visual Argument: Football Players Kneeling
Template for Writing a Deductive Argument
Template for Writing an Inductive Argument
Chapter 6 Rogerian Argument, Toulmin Logic, and Oral Arguments
At Issue: Why Are So Few Women in STEM Fields?
Understanding Rogerian Argument
Structuring Rogerian Arguments
Writing Rogerian Arguments
Zoya Kahn, Why Cell Phones Do Not Belong in the Classroom
Understanding Toulmin Logic
Constructing Toulmin Arguments
Writing Toulmin Arguments
Jen Davis, Competitive Cheerleaders Are Athletes
Understanding Oral Arguments
Planning an Oral Argument
Checklist: Designing and Displaying Visuals
Delivering Oral Arguments
Dealing with Nervousness
Composing an Oral Argument
Chantee Steele, An Argument in Support of the “Gap Year”
Reading and Writing About the Issue: Why Are So Few Women in STEM Fields?
Olivia Nicholas, What Are You Going to Do with That Major?
Olga Khazan, The More Gender Equality, the Fewer Women in STEM
Stuart Reges, Why Women Don’t Code
Rosalind C. Barnett And Caryl Rivers, We’ve Studied Gender and STEM for 25 Years. The Science Doesn’t Support the Google Memo.
Barbara Oakley, Why Do Women Shun STEM? It’s Complicated
Visual Argument: STEM PSA
Template for Writing a Rogerian Argument
Template for Writing a Toulmin Argument
Part 3 Writing an Argumentative Essay
Chapter 7 Planning, Drafting, and Revising an Argumentative Essay
At Issue: Should All College Campuses Go Green?
Choosing a Topic
Topics to Avoid
Thinking about Your Topic
Freewriting
Brainstorming
Clustering
Informal Outline
Drafting a Thesis Statement
Understanding Your Purpose and Audience
Gathering Evidence
Evaluating the Evidence in Your Sources
Detecting Bias in Your Sources
Using Visuals as Evidence
Refuting Opposing Arguments
Strategies for Refuting Opposing Arguments
Revising Your Thesis Statement
Structuring Your Essay
Supplying Background Information
Using Induction and Deduction
Identifying a Strategy for Your Argument
Constructing a Formal Outline
Establishing Credibility
Being Well Informed
Being Reasonable
Being Fair
Maintaining Your Credibility
Drafting Your Essay
Suggested Transitions for Argument
Grammar in Context: Using Parallelism
Revising Your Essay
Asking Questions
Checklist: Questions About Your Essay’s Purpose and Audience
Checklist: Questions About Your Essay’s Structure and Style
Checklist: Questions About Your Essay’s Supporting Evidence
Using Outlines and Templates
Getting Feedback
Guidelines for Peer Review
Polishing Your Essay
Editing and Proofreading
Grammar in Context: Contractions Versus Possessive Pronouns
Choosing a Title
Checking Format
Shawn Holton, Going Green
Part 4 Using Sources to Support Your Argument
Chapter 8 Finding and Evaluating Sources
At Issue: Is Technology a Serious Threat to Our Privacy?
Finding Sources
Finding Information in the Library
Finding Information on the Internet
Using Google Scholar
Evaluating Sources
Zeynep Tufekci, The Privacy Debacle
David N. Cicilline and Terrell McSweeny, Competition Is at the Heart of Facebook’s Privacy Problem
Daniel Lyons, Facebook: Privacy Problems and PR Nightmare
Evaluating Websites
Acceptable versus Unacceptable Internet Sources
Using a Site’s URL to Assess Its Objectivity
Avoiding Confirmation Bias
The Chronicle Of Higher Education, Home Page
Glamour Magazine, Home Page
The Chronicle of Higher Education, About the Chronicle
Glamour Magazine, About Glamour
Bart Lazar, Why We Need a Privacy Label on the Internet
Douglass Rushkoff, You Are Not Facebook’s Customer
Igor Kuksov, All Ears: The Dangers of Voice Assistants
Sam Laird, Should Athletes Have Social Media Privacy? One Bill Says Yes
Chapter 9 Summarizing, Paraphrasing, Quoting, and Synthesizing Sources
At Issue: Is Technology a Serious Threat to Our Privacy? (continued)
Summarizing Sources
When to Summarize
Summarizing Sources
Paraphrasing Sources
When to Paraphrase
Paraphrasing Sources
Quoting Sources
When to Quote
Quoting Sources
Shelley Fralic, Don’t Fall for the Myths about Online Privacy
Working Source Material into Your Argument
Using Identifying Tags
Templates for Using Identifying Tags
Working Quotations into Your Sentences
Distorting Quotations
Synthesizing Sources
Synthesizing Sources
Chapter 10 Documenting Sources: MLA
Why Document Sources?
Using Parenthetical References
Preparing the Works-Cited List
Periodicals
Books
Audiovisual Sources
Internet Sources
Legal Case
Government Document
MLA Paper Guidelines
Erin Blaine, Should Data Posted on Social-Networking Sites Be “Fair Game” for Employers?
Chapter 11 Using Sources Responsibly
At Issue: Where Should We Draw the Line with Plagiarism?
Understanding Plagiarism
Two Definitions of Plagiarism
Avoiding Unintentional Plagiarism
Internet Sources and Plagiarism
Intentional Plagiarism
Knowing What to Document
Erika Ramirez, When Beyoncé’s Inspiration Turns into Imitation
Revising to Eliminate Plagiarism
Reading and Writing About the Issue: Where Should We Draw the Line with Plagiarism?
Trip Gabriel, Plagiarism Lines Blur for Students in Digital Age
Jennifer Mott-Smith, Bad Idea about Writing: Plagiarism Deserves to Be Punished
Richard A. Posner, The Truth about Plagiarism
Helen Rubinstein, When Plagiarism Is a Plea for Help
Dan Ariely, Essay Mills: A Coarse Lesson in Cheating
Visual Argument: Term Papers for Sale Advertisement (web page)
Template for Writing an Argument About Plagiarism
Writing Assignments: Using Sources Responsibly
Part 5 Strategies for Argument
Chapter 12 Definition Arguments
At Issue: Why Do We Need to Define Fake News?
What Is a Definition Argument?
Developing Definitions
Dictionary Definitions (Formal Definitions)
Extended Definitions
Operational Definitions
Structuring a Definition Argument
Adam Kennedy, Why I Am a Nontraditional Student
Grammar in Context: Avoiding Is Where and Is When
Ej Garr, Athlete vs. Role Model
Firefighters at Ground Zero
The Tuskegee Airmen
Reading and Writing About the Issue: Why Do We Need to Define Fake News?
Joanna M. Burkhardt, History of Fake News
Jimmy Wales, What We Can Do to Combat Fake News
Adrian Chen, The Fake News Fallacy
Katie Langin, Fake News Spreads Faster than True News on Twitter
Kalev Leetaru, How Data and Information Literacy Could End Fake News
Visual Argument
Template for Writing a Definition Argument
Writing Assignments: Definition Arguments
Chapter 13 Cause-and-Effect Arguments
At Issue: Does Our Reliance on Social Media Bring Us Together or Drive Us Apart?
What Is a Cause-and-Effect Argument?
Bumper Stickers
Understanding Cause-and-Effect Relationships
Main and Contributory Causes
Immediate and Remote Causes
Causal Chains
Key Words for Cause-and-Effect Arguments
Post Hoc Reasoning
Structuring a Cause-and-Effect Argument
Kristina Mialki, Texting: A Boon, Not a Threat, to Language
Grammar in Context: Avoiding “The Reason Is Because”
Peggy Orenstein, Should the World of Toys Be Gender-Free?
Reading and Writing About the Issue: Does Our Reliance on Social Media Bring Us Together or Drive Us Apart?
Laura Bogart, I Don’t Own a Smartphone—and I Don’t Want One
Dmitriy Kozlov, Social Media: Bringing People Together, Virtually and Physically
David Ludden, Does Using Social Media Make You Lonely?
Wency Leung, I Quit Facebook, and I Miss It
Sherry Turkle, The Flight from Conversation
Robert Weiss, Closer Together or Further Apart? Digital Devices and the New Generation Gap
Visual Argument: University of Pittsburgh Video
Template for Writing a Cause-and-effect Argument
Writing Assignments: Cause-and-effect Arguments
Chapter 14 Evaluation Arguments
At Issue: Do the Benefits of Fossil Fuels Outweigh the Environmental Risks?
What Is an Evaluation Argument?
Making Evaluations
Identifying Bias
Criteria for Evaluation
Structuring an Evaluation Argument
Kevin Murphy, Evaluation of a Website: RateMyProfessors.com
Grammar in Context: Comparatives and Superlatives
Eric Klinenberg, To Restore Civil Society, Start with the Library
Reading and Writing About the Issue: Do the Benefits of Fossil Fuels Outweigh the Environmental Risks?
Joseph L. Bast And Peter Ferrara, The Social Benefits of Fossil Fuels Far Outweigh the Costs
Juan Ramos, Fossil Fuel Pros and Cons
Bernard McNamee, This Earth Day, Let’s Accept the Critical Role That Fossil Fuel Plays in Energy Needs
Sean Lennon, Destroying Precious Land for Gas
Bruno Comby, The Benefits of Nuclear Energy
Barbara Hurd, Fracking: A Fable
Visual Argument: I Love Fossil Fuels
Template for Writing an Evaluation Argument
Writing Assignments: Evaluation Arguments
Chapter 15 Ethical Arguments
At Issue: How Far Should Schools Go to Keep Students Safe?
What Is an Ethical Argument?
Stating an Ethical Principle
Ethics versus Law
Understanding Ethical Dilemmas
Treadlightly.org, Ride Hard, Tread Lightly
Peta, Adopt, Don’t Buy
Structuring an Ethical Argument
Chris Muñoz, Are Colleges Doing Enough for Nontraditional Students?
Grammar in Context: Subordination and Coordination
Shubhankar Chhokra, The Ethical Case for Eating Animals
Reading and Writing About the Issue: How Far Should Schools Go to Keep Students Safe?
Evie Blad, Do Schools’ “Active Shooter” Drills Prepare or Frighten?
Timothy Wheeler, There’s a Reason They Choose Schools
Sasha Abramsky, The Fear Industry Goes Back to School
Michael W. Goldberg, I’m a School Psychologist—And I Think Teachers Should Be Armed
Vann R. Newkirk II, Arming Educators Violates the Spirit of the Second Amendment
Isothermal Community College, Warning Signs: How You Can Help Prevent Campus Violence
Amy Dion, Visual Argument: Gone but Not Forgotten (poster)
Template for Writing an Ethical Argument
Writing Assignments: Ethical Arguments
Chapter 16 Proposal Arguments
At Issue: Should the Government Do More to Relieve the Student-Loan Burden?
What Is a Proposal Argument?
Peta, If You Wouldn’t Wear Your Dog . . . Please Don’t Wear Any Fur
Problem-Solving Strategies
Stating the Problem
Proposing a Solution
Demonstrating That Your Solution Will Work
Establishing Feasibility
Discussing Benefits
Refuting Opposing Arguments
Bernie Sanders, Why Medicare-for-All Is Good for Business
Structuring a Proposal Argument
Melissa Burrell, Colleges Need Honor Codes
Grammar in Context: Will Versus Would
Michelle Wu, The Road to Fear-Free Biking in Boston
Reading and Writing About the Issue: Should the Government Do More to Relieve the Student-Loan Burden?
Rana Foroohar, The US College Debt Bubble Is Becoming Dangerous
Richard Vedder, Forgive Student Loans?
Ben Miller, Student Debt: It’s Worse than We Imagined
Astra Taylor, A Strike against Student Debt
Sam Adolphsen, Don’t Blame the Government
Visual Argument: Student Debt Crisis Solution
Template for Writing a Proposal Argument
Writing Assignments: Proposal Arguments
Part 5 Review: Combining Argumentative Strategies
Robert M. Franklin, Rf’s Still a Leadership Role Model for Youth
Kevin Carey, Fulfill George Washington’s Last Wish—a National University
Part 6 Debates, Casebooks, and Classic Arguments
Chapter 17 Debate: Should We Embrace Self-Driving Cars?
Karl Iagnemma, Why We Have the Ethics of Self-Driving Cars All Wrong
Olivia Goldhill, Should Driverless Cars Kill Their Own Passengers to Save a Pedestrian?
Chapter 18 Debate: Should College Athletes Be Paid?
Randy Bertolas, Jayme Krejci, and Alix Stanley, Point: Colleges and Universities Should Provide Student-Athletes with Additional Compensation beyond Tuition, Room, and Board
Randy Bertolas, Jayme Krejci, and Alix Stanley, Counterpoint: Colleges and Universities Have No Obligation to Provide Student-Athletes with Additional Compensation beyond Tuition, Room, and Board
Chapter 19 Debate: Under What Circumstances Do Bystanders Have an Ethical Obligation to Intervene?
Lenore Skenazy, How Kitty Genovese Destroyed Childhood
Joe Nocera, It’s Hard to Be a Hero
Chapter 20 Debate: Should the United States Establish a Universal Basic Income?
Christian Bot, A Conservative Case for Universal Basic Income
George Zarkadakis, The Case against Universal Basic Income
Chapter 21 Casebook: Should Every American Go to College?
Eric Hoover, College’s Value Goes Deeper than the Degree
Andre Perry, Stop Saying “College Isn’t for Everyone”
J. D. Vance, The College Trap
Charles Murray, What’s Wrong with Vocational School?
Visual Argument: Why You Should Consider Trade School
Chapter 22 Casebook: How Should We Solve the Opioid Problem?
Ericka Andersen, The Opioid Epidemic Is a Cultural Problem. It Requires Cultural Solutions.
Stanton Peele, The Solution to the Opioid Crisis
Peter Moore, The Other Opioid Crisis
Sally Satel, The Myth of What’s Driving the Opioid Crisis
Visual Argument: Fentanyl
Chapter 23 Casebook: Should the United States Have Open Borders?
Richard D. Lamm And Philip Cafaro, The Liberal Case for Reducing Immigration
Nick Srnicek, The $100 Trillion Case for Open Borders
John Lee, Secure the U.S.-Mexico Border: Open It
Adam Ozimek, Why I Don’t Support Open Borders
Visual Argument: Border Control
Chapter 24 Casebook: Does It Pay to Study the Humanities?
Christina H. Paxson, The Economic Case for Saving the Humanities
Anthony P. Carnevale And Michelle Melton, Major Differences: Why Undergraduate Majors Matter
Kim Brooks, Is It Time to Kill the Liberal Arts Degree?
Thomas Frank, Course Corrections
Visual Argument: Math vs. Humanities
Chapter 25 Classic Arguments
Plato, The Allegory of the Cave
Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress
Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal
Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence
Abraham Lincoln, The Gettysburg Address
Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions
George Orwell, Politics and the English Language
Rachel Carson, The Obligation to Endure
Betty Friedan, The Importance of Work
James Baldwin, If Black English Isn’t a Language, Then Tell Me, What Is?
Appendix A Writing Literary Arguments
What Is a Literary Argument?
Stating an Argumentative Thesis
Choosing Evidence
Writing a Literary Argument
Megan McGovern, Confessions of a Misunderstood Poem: An Analysis of “The Road Not Taken”
Loren Martinez, Not Just a “Girl”
Appendix B Documenting Sources: APA
Using Parenthetical References
Preparing a Reference List
Examples of APA Citations
Periodicals
Books
People also search for Practical Argument 4th:
practical argument book
practical argument 4th ed. by laurie kirszner and stephen mandell
practical argument 5th edition
practical argument
a practical study of argument