Practical Emergency and Critical Care Veterinary Nursing 1st edition by Paul Aldridge, Louise O’Dwyer ISBN 1118483472 9781118483473

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Product details:

ISBN 10: 1118483472
ISBN 13: 9781118483473
Author: Paul Aldridge, Louise O’Dwyer

Your step-by-step guide to key emergency and critical care procedures and hands-on nursing care. Whether you need to know how to prioritise your response to a patient with multiple injuries, or you need a quick practical guide to fluid therapy, this is the go-to resource.  Colour photographs of real life cases take you through the procedures and after-care, detailing essential skills. This book provides vital information for emergency and critical care situations, whether you’re looking for confidence in handling emergency cases in a first-opinion practice, or a relevant, succinct guide for an emergency clinic.  Be inspired to become more confident in your clinical skills and abilities, and learn how to apply your existing skills to an emergency situation.

A companion website provides additional resources useful in the management of emergency and critical patients. Visit the website to find information charts and video clips of procedures.

Written by a veterinary nurse and a veterinary surgeon who work together in the largest UK emergency clinic, this book is a practical, how-to manual with a nursing focus.

Suitable as a complete reference for nurses studying towards qualifications, or as a practical guide for daily use by veterinary nurses working in veterinary emergency and critical care.

Practical Emergency and Critical Care Veterinary Nursing 1st Table of contents:

1. Triage and Assessment of the Emergency Patient

   • Introduction

   • Telephone triage

   • Hospital triage

   • A and B: Respiratory system

   • C: Cardiovascular

   • D: Dysfunction of the central nervous system

   • Summary of triage

   • Secondary evaluation

2. Monitoring the Critical Patient

   • Introduction

   • Organ function

   • Respiratory system

   • Cardiovascular system

   • Central nervous system

   • Urinary system

   • Gastrointestinal system

   • Fluid balance

   • Body temperature

   • Clinical pathology

     • Blood glucose

     • Packed cell volume and total protein

     • Electrolytes

   • Pain scoring

   • Pain

   • Recumbency care

   • Practical techniques

   • Central venous pressure (CVP) measurement

     • Technique

     • Measurement of CVP using a manometer

3. Vascular Access

   • Introduction

   • Planning intravenous access

   • Catheter selection

   • Vein selection

   • Techniques for difficult cases

   • Improving access to veins

   • Intraosseous needles and catheters

   • Practical techniques

     • Placing an intravenous over-the-needle catheter

     • Placing a central catheter using the Seldinger technique

     • Placing an intraosseous needle in the femur

     • Placement of an arterial catheter

     • Catheterisation of the dorsal metatarsal artery

4. ‘Shock’ and Intravenous Fluid Therapy

   • Normal physiology

   • Abnormal losses from fluid compartments

   • Forming a fluid therapy plan

   • Does the patient need fluid therapy?

   • Which route should be used?

   • Which fluid should be administered?

   • Rate, quantity, and duration of fluid therapy

   • Treatment of hypovolaemic shock and acute fluid therapy

   • Chronic fluid therapy: patients with normal perfusion parameters

   • Other methods for calculating fluid requirements

   • Duration of fluid therapy

   • Monitoring fluid therapy

   • Fluid balance measurement

5. Blood Gas, Acid–Base Analysis and Electrolyte Abnormalities

   • Introduction

   • Blood gas analysis

     • Assessing ventilation

     • Assessing acid–base status

     • Metabolic assessment

   • Treating acid–base disorders

     • Metabolic acidosis

     • Respiratory acidosis (hypoventilation)

     • Metabolic alkalosis

     • Respiratory alkalosis (hyperventilation)

   • Understanding electrolyte balance

     • Sodium (Hyponatraemia, Hypernatraemia)

     • Chloride (Hypochloraemia, Hyperchloraemia)

     • Potassium (Hypokalaemia, Hyperkalaemia)

     • Magnesium (Hypomagnesaemia, Hypermagnesaemia)

     • Calcium (Hypercalcaemia, Hypocalcaemia)

   • Further reading

6. Analgesia and Anaesthesia of the Emergency and Critical Patient

   • Introduction

   • Patient assessment

   • Respiration, Cardiovascular system, Neurological system

   • Anticipated problems and contingency plans

   • Anaesthesia drug plan

     • Sedatives, Analgesia, Neuroleptanalgesia

     • Opioids (Mu-agonist opioids, Morphine, Methadone, Pethidine, Fentanyl)

     • Opioid agonists/antagonists and partial agonists (Butorphanol, Buprenorphine, Tramadol)

     • Dissociative drugs

     • Local anaesthetics

   • General anaesthesia

     • Patient monitoring

     • Drug selection (Premedication, Induction drugs, Anaesthesia maintenance)

     • Peri-operative support

     • Postoperative considerations

   • Further reading

7. Practical Laboratory Techniques

   • Introduction

   • Laboratory tests

     • Electrolyte levels, Acid–base assessment

     • Haematology, Other tests

     • Packed cell volume and total protein, Saline agglutination

   • Prepare and examine blood films

     • Stains and film examination

     • Examination of red blood cells, Leucocytes, Platelets

     • Cytology of effusions, Fluid analysis

   • Glucose monitoring, Lactate measurement

   • Urinalysis

     • Specific gravity, Ketones, Urine sediment

     • Urine protein : creatinine ratio

   • Further reading

8. Techniques for Oxygen Supplementation

   • Introduction

   • Oxygen supplementation techniques

     • Short-term and longer-term methods

   • Endotracheal intubation

   • Oxygen toxicity

   • Practical techniques

     • Transtracheal catheterisation

     • Technique for nasal catheter placement

     • Endotracheal intubation

9. Nursing the Dyspnoeic Patient

   • Introduction

   • Initial presentation, Observation, Physical examination

   • Thoracic radiography

   • Practical techniques

     • Tracheostomy tube placement and care

10. Nursing the Cardiac Patient

• Introduction

• History, Clinical signs

• Initial stabilisation of the cardiac patient

• Assessment (Arterial blood pressure, Blood gases, Radiography, ECG, Echocardiography)

• Common emergency presentations (Congestive heart failure, Arrhythmias, Thromboembolism)

• Electrocardiography

• Further reading

11. Nursing the Acute Abdomen Patient

• Introduction

• Presentation, History, Clinical examination

• Stabilisation and Diagnostic techniques

  • Clinical pathology, Radiography, Ultrasound, Abdominocentesis

• Surgical considerations and postoperative management

• Common presentations (Gastric dilation, Haemoabdomen)

• Practical techniques (FAST, Abdominocentesis, Diagnostic peritoneal lavage, Orogastric intubation)

12. Nursing Urinary Tract Emergencies

• Introduction

• Stabilisation of urinary tract obstruction and trauma

• Urine diversion and collection systems

• Monitoring urine output and complications of catheterisation

• Practical techniques (Catheterising male/female cats and dogs, Peritoneal dialysis)

13. Nursing the Poisoned Patient

• Introduction

• Treatment and supportive care

• Reducing absorption, Antidotes, Increasing elimination

• Common toxicities (Metaldehyde, Anticoagulant rodenticides, Ethylene glycol, etc.)

• Practical techniques (Gastric lavage)

14. Nursing the Trauma Patient

• Introduction

• Abdominal and Thoracic trauma management

• Initial management, Stabilisation, Surgical exploration

• Monitoring and treatment of head trauma

• Wounds and fractures

• Further reading

15. Nursing the Reproductive Patient

• Introduction

• Female reproductive disorders (Dystocia, Pyometra, Mastitis, etc.)

• Male reproductive disorders (Penile, Testicular, Prostatic disorders)

• Further reading

16. Small Animal Critical Care and Hospitalised Patient Nutrition

• Introduction

• Patient selection and nutritional needs

• Re-feeding syndrome prevention

• Feeding methods, Feeding tube choices

• Complications and further reading

17. Nursing the Emergency Ophthalmology Patient

• Introduction

• Ocular trauma, Prolapsed globe, Hemorrhage, Foreign bodies

• Diagnosis and treatment (Corneal laceration, Ulcers, Anterior uveitis, Glaucoma, Lens luxation)

• Practical procedures (Pupillary light reflex, Schirmer tear test, Fluorescein)

• Surgical procedures

18. Cardiopulmonary Arrest and Resuscitation

• Introduction

• Immediate recognition and early intervention

• Resuscitation team and CPR

• Monitoring during basic life support (BLS) and advanced life support (ALS)

• Post-cardiac arrest care

• Drugs in CPR

• Further reading

19. Nursing Considerations in the Critical Patient

• Introduction

• Nursing considerations and planning

  • Fluid balance, Nutritional status, Care of catheters/tubes

  • Infection control, Pain management

• Nursing the neurological patient

• Mental well-being and client communication

• Record keeping, Physiotherapy

• Further reading

Index

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Tags: Paul Aldridge, Louise O’Dwyer, Practical Emergency, Critical Care