Principles and Methods of Social Research 3rd edition by William Crano, Marilynn Brewer, Andrew Lac ISBN 0415638569 978-0415638562

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ISBN 10: 0415638569
ISBN 13: 978-0415638562
Author: William Crano, Marilynn Brewer, Andrew Lac 

Used to train generations of social scientists, this thoroughly updated classic text covers the latest research techniques and designs. Applauded for its comprehensive coverage, the breadth and depth of content is unparalleled. Through a multi-methodology approach, the text guides readers toward the design and conduct of social research from the ground up. Explained with applied examples useful to the social, behavioral, educational, and organizational sciences, the methods described are intended to be relevant to contemporary researchers. The underlying logic and mechanics of experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental research strategies are discussed in detail. Introductory chapters covering topics such as validity and reliability furnish readers with a firm understanding of foundational concepts. Chapters dedicated to sampling, interviewing, questionnaire design, stimulus scaling, observational methods, content analysis, implicit measures, dyadic and group methods, and meta-analysis provide coverage of these essential methodologies. The book is noted for its:-Emphasis on understanding the principles that govern the use of a method to facilitate the researcher’s choice of the best technique for a given situation.- Use of the laboratory experiment as a touchstone to describe and evaluate field experiments, correlational designs, quasi experiments, evaluation studies, and survey designs.-Coverage of the ethics of social research including the power a researcher wields and tips on how to use it responsibly. The new edition features:-A new co-author, Andrew Lac, instrumental in fine tuning the book’s accessible approach and highlighting the most recent developments at the intersection of design and statistics.-More learning tools including more explanation of the basic concepts, more research examples, tables, and figures, and the addition of bold faced terms, chapter conclusions, discussion questions, and a glossary. -Extensive revision of chapter (3) on measurement reliability theory that examines test theory, latent factors, factor analysis, and item response theory.-Expanded coverage of cutting-edge methodologies including mediation and moderation, reliability and validity, missing data, and more physiological approaches such as neuroimaging and fMRIs. -A new web based resource package that features Power Points and discussion and exam questions for each chapter and for students chapter outlines and summaries, key terms, and suggested readings. Intended as a text for graduate or advanced undergraduate courses in research methods (design) in psychology, communication, sociology, education, public health, and marketing, an introductory undergraduate course on research methods is recommended.

Principles and Methods of Social Research 3rd Table of contents:

PART I Introduction to Social Research Methods

1 Basic Concepts

Science and Daily Life

Theories and Hypotheses

From Theory, Concept, or Idea to Operation

Role of Theory in Scientific Inquiry

Conclusion and Overview

Questions for Discussion

References

2 Internal and External Validity

Causation

Phases of Research

Distinguishing Internal and External Validity

Basic Issues of Internal Validity

Basic Issues of External Validity

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

3 Measurement Reliability

Classical Test Theory

Contemporary Test Theory

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

4 Measurement Validity

Types of Measurement Validity

Threats to Measurement Validity

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

PART II Research Design Strategies: Experiments, Quasi-Experiments, and Nonexperiments

5 Designing Experiments: Variations on the Basics

Basic Variations in Experimental Design

Expanding the Number of Experimental Treatments

Blocked Designs: Incorporating a Nonexperimental Factor

Repeated-Measures Designs and Counterbalancing

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

6 Constructing Laboratory Experiments

Steps for Constructing an Experiment

Types of Experimental Manipulations

Manipulation Checks

Assignment of Participants to Conditions: Randomization Procedures

Realism in an Experiment

Social Simulations and Analogue Experiments

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

7 External Validity of Laboratory Experiments

Generalizability Across Participants

Experimenter Expectancy and Bias

Three Faces of External Validity

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

8 Conducting Experiments Outside the Laboratory

Research Settings and Issues of Validity

Constructing a Field Experiment

The Internet as a Site for Experimental Research

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

9 Nonexperimental Research: Correlational Design and Analyses

Analyzing and Interpreting Nonexperimental Research

Multiple Regression

Uses and Misuses of Correlational Analysis

Multi-Level Models

Structural Equation Models

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

10 Quasi-Experiments and Evaluation Research

Program Evaluation Research

Quasi-Experimental Methods

Use of Archival Data in Longitudinal Research

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

PART III Data Collecting Methods

11 Survey Studies: Design and Sampling

Selection vs. Assignment

Random Sampling

Nonrandom Sampling

More Sampling Issues

Types of Survey Studies

Missing Data

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

12 Systematic Observational Methods

Three Aspects of Naturalism

Observer Involvement in the Naturalistic Setting: The Participatory–Nonparticipatory Distinction

Coding Observations

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

13 Interviewing

Modes of Administration: Face-to-Face and Telephone

Developing the Interview

Interview Structure

Conducting the Interview

Interviewer Characteristics: Establishing Rapport

Group Interviews and Focus Groups

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

14 Content Analysis

Conducting a Content Analysis

Representative Examples

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

15 Questionnaire Design and Scale Construction

Questionnaires

Constructing Rating Scales

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

16 Indirect and Implicit Measures of Cognition and Affect

Indirect Measures

Information Processing: Attention and Memory

Priming: Processing Without Awareness or Intent

Social Psychophysiology: Physiological Traces of Affect and Cognitive Processing

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

17 Scaling Stimuli: Social Psychophysics

Scaling Stimuli

Techniques for Stimulus Scaling

Multidimensional Scaling Models

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

18 Methods for Assessing Dyads and Groups

Dyadic Designs

Deriving Dyadic and Group Level Variables

Designs to Study Group Structures

Designs to Study Multiple Groups

Measuring Group Process and Outcomes

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

PART IV Concluding Perspectives

19 Synthesizing Research Results: Meta-Analysis

Stages in the Meta-Analysis Process

Interpreting the Meta-Analysis

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

20 Social Responsibility and Ethics in Social Research

Ethics of Research Practices

The Regulatory Context of Research Involving Human Participants

Ethics of Data Reporting

Ethical Issues Related to the Products of Scientific Research

Conclusion

Questions for Discussion

References

Glossary

Suggested Additional Readings

Author Index

Subject Index

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Tags: William Crano, Marilynn Brewer, Andrew Lac, Social Research