Principles of Air Quality Management 2nd Edition by Roger Griffin – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1040061787 , 9781040061787
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ISBN 10: 1040061787
ISBN 13: 9781040061787
Author: Roger Griffin
Blending information from popular mainstream articles, highly technical publications, and research journals, the second edition of Principles of Air Quality Management features new sections on air toxics, new information on chronic and acute health effects, and new approaches to the assessment of those impacts on sensitive populations. It emphasizes toxic air pollutants and alternative approaches to management of air quality in local environments. The book explains how primary pollutants form in industrial and mobile combustion processes and the latest on how they are controlled. It also presents in-depth information on the meteorology of atmospheric transport and explains how secondary photochemical pollutants form in ambient air.
Principles of Air Quality Management 2nd Table of contents:
Chapter 1 The Atmosphere and Its Contaminants
History of Air Pollution
Medieval Experiences
Industrialization
The Early 20th Century
The Great London Smog Disaster — December 1952
Late 20th and Early 21st Centuries
Terms and Definitions
Ambient Air
Criteria and Noncriteria Air Pollutants
Emissions
The Epidemiologic Model
Components of The Atmosphere
Physical Characteristics
Standard Conditions
Dew Point and Humidity
States of Air Pollutants
Pollutant Gas Features
Particulate Features
Contaminant Classifications
Primary Contaminants
Natural Emissions
Anthropogenic Emissions
Secondary Contaminants
Photochemical Smog
Air Quality Management Aspects of Photochemical Reactions
Chapter 2 Effects of Air Pollution
Time Effects and Sensitivities
Acute versus Chronic
Sensitive Populations
Criteria Versus Noncriteria Air Pollutants
Criteria Air Pollutant Effects
Ozone
Sulfur Dioxide
Particulate Matter
Nitrogen Dioxide
Carbon Monoxide
Lead
Basic Principles of Toxicology
Sources of Health Effects Information
Dose–Response
Routes of Exposure
Inhalation
Response to Airborne Chemicals
The Lungs
The Central Nervous System
The Liver
The Kidneys
The Blood
The Reproductive System
The Cardiovascular System
The Skeletal System
Other Factors to Consider
Classes of Health Effects
Latency
Carcinogens
Mutagens
Teratogens
Effects On The Ecosystem
Effects on Vegetation
Plant Structure
Leaf Structure
Plant Injury
Acid Precipitation Effects
Pollutant Interactions
Economic Losses Caused by Vegetation Effects
Effects on Materials
Textiles
Building Materials
Metal Corrosion
Surface Coatings
Documents and Manuscripts
Rubber
Effects on Animals
Economic Losses
Chapter 3 Air Quality Standards and Monitoring
Standards
Acceptable Levels
Ambient Air Standards and Exposures
National
International Air Pollution Levels
The Pollution Standard Index
Episodic Standards
Noncriteria Air Contaminant Standards
Occupational Derived Standards
Risk Assessment
The Risk Assessment Process
Hazard Identification
Dose–Response Assessment
Low-Dose Extrapolations
Comparison
Exposure Assessment
Risk Characterization
Uncertainties
Uncertainties in Toxicity
Uncertainties in Modeled Exposures
Screening Level Approaches
Carcinogen Hazards
Acceptable Air Quality
Monitoring Ambient Air Quality
Measurement Techniques
Cumulative Samplers
Continuous Analyzers
Chapter 4 Sources and Measurement Methodologies
Global Sources
Geogenic
Biogenic
Anthropogenic
Global Emissions
Air Pollution Sinks
Biological Sinks
Mechanical Sinks
Photochemical Sinks
Anthropogenic Air Emissions
Combustion
Fuels for Combustion Reactions
Coal
Liquid Fuels
Natural Gas
Efficiency and Emissions
Enthalpy Considerations
Air and Fuel Considerations
Combustion Chemistry
Air-to-Fuel Ratio Considerations
Combustion Systems
Evaporative Emissions
Evaporative Classes
Fugitive Emissions
Waste-Related Emissions
Landfills
Treatment-Related Emissions
Criteria Air Pollutant Formation
Source Inventories of Criteria Pollutants
Transportation
Fuel Combustion
Industrial Processes
Miscellaneous
Comparisons by Category
Hazardous Air Emissions
Quantification of Emissions
Source Testing
Continuous Emissions Monitoring
Carbon Balance
Composition
Emission Factors
Fugitives
Accuracy and Applicability
Chapter 5 Meteorology, Dispersion, and Modeling
Earth’S Energy and Radiation
Temperature and Global Air Movements
Global Circulation Cells
Jet Streams
Surface Effects
Other Forces
Patterns of High and Low Pressure
Friction
Horizontal and Vertical Air Patterns
Atmospheric Stability
Vertical Mixing
Horizontal Air Movements
Regional Air Pollution Meteorology
Inversions
Types of Inversions
Southern California — The Classic Example
Sea and Land Breezes
Other Dispersive Characteristics of the Atmosphere
Valley Effects
Chimney Effect
Vegetation Effects
Mountain Effects
Urban Heat Island Effects
Local Air Pollutant Dispersion
Point Sources and Plume Dispersion
Plume Rise
Plume Shape
Line Sources
Area Sources
Dispersion Modeling
Point-Source Modeling
Model Averaging Time
Plume Model Modifications
Line-Source Models
Area Modeling
Catastrophic Releases
Visibility
Mathematical Models
Planning Based
Receptor Based
Statistical Based
Chapter 6 Stationary-Source Control Approaches
Source Reduction
Management and Operational Changes
Fugitive Emissions
Product Storage Control
Materials Changes
Process-Optimizing Actions
Combustion Modifications
Fuels and Fuel Modification
Efficiency
Secondary Utilization
Fuel Switching
Fuel Blending
Fuel Cleaning
Additives
Fuel Modifications
Fuel Refining
Planning and Design
Geographic Location
Lower-Emission Systems
Greater Efficiency
Repowering
Emissions Characterization
Collection of Air Contaminants
Air Pollution Control Approaches
Gas Control Technologies
Absorbers
Adsorbers
Condensers
Thermal Oxidation
Particulate Control Technologies
Mechanical Collectors
Fabric Filters
Wet Scrubbers
Electrostatic Precipitators
Combination Units
Combustion Gas Control Technologies
Carbon Monoxide and Combustible Carbon Gases
Sulfur Dioxide
Oxides of Nitrogen
Selective Catalytic Reduction
Selective Noncatalytic Reduction
Oxidative Systems
Technology Comparisons
Control System Hardware Considerations
Chapter 7 Mobile Sources and Control Approaches
Engines and Air Pollutant Emissions
Pollutant Formation In Spark-Ignited Engines
Bulk Gas Pollutant–Formation Region
Surface Pollutant-Formation Region
Four-Stroke Pollutant Mechanisms
Lesser Sources of Carbon Gas Pollutant Emissions
Fuel Composition and Exhaust Emissions
Diesel Ignition Emission Characteristics
Pollutant Patterns
Hydrocarbon Emissions from Trip Cycles
Engine Thermodynamic Cycles
Hybrid Internal Combustion Engines
Ice Emission-Control Options
Effects of Operating Conditions
Spark Timing
Compression Ratio
Engine Speed
Engine Power
Engine Temperatures
Engine Cleanliness
Design Influences On Ices
Two-Stage Combustion
External Control Approaches
Fuel Recapture Systems
Catalyst Systems
Diesel Particulate Controls
Fuel Change Effects
Diesel Fuels
Alternatives and The Future
Alternative Fuels
Alternative Mechanical Design and Efficiency Approaches
Alternative Power Systems
Chapter 8 Global Concerns
The Challenge
Data and Records
Intercontinental Pollutant Transport
The Data
Conclusions
Stratospheric Ozone
Radiation Primer
Stratospheric Ozone Formation
Early Observations
The Response
Other Sources and Variations
Lab Studies
Antarctic Studies
Uv Data and Other Impacts
Alternatives
Acid Deposition
Water Plus Air
Water Plus Soils
Acid Rain Studies
The Napap Findings
Conclusions
Global Climate Change
Historical Perspective
Current Concerns
Measurements
Other Considerations
Feedbacks
Models
Recent Findings
Alternative Views
Increased Yields
Other Agricultural Effects
Chapter 9 Air Quality Laws and Regulations
General Law Approaches
Public Nuisance
Private Nuisance
Recent Approaches
The Process of Regulation
Role of the Public in Rule Making
Environmental Justice
Levels of Authority
Federal Preemption
Federal Laws Affecting Air Quality Management
Pre-1990 Air Quality Acts and Effects
Implementation Plans
Monitoring and Limiting Emissions
Prevention of Significant Deterioration
Emergency Episodes
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Global concerns
Federal Environmental Statutes
Toxic Substances control Act
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
Comprehensive Emergency Response, Compensation, and Liability Act
The Clean Air Act
Title I — Attainment and Maintenance of the Naaqs
Ozone Nonattainment Requirements
Marginal Areas
Moderate Areas
Serious Areas
Severe Areas
Extreme Areas
Additional Ozone Strategies
Milestones
Interstate Transport
Clean Air Interstate Transport
Control Guidelines
Consumer Products
Marine and Harbor Emissions
Stationary Source Fees
Carbon Monoxide Nonattainment Provisions
Oxygenated Fuels — The Rise and Fall of Methyl-Tertiary-Butyl-Ether
PM10 Nonattainment Areas
PM2.5 Nonattainment Areas
Title II — Mobile Source Provisions
Light-Duty Vehicle Standards
Tailpipe Toxics
Emissions Control
Reformulated Gasoline Fuel Requirements
Phase Ii Reformulated Gasoline Performance Standards
California Low-Emission Vehicle Ii Regulations
Title III — Hazardous Air Pollutant Program
Toxic Release Inventory Program
Hap Sources
Standards
Technology-Based Standards
Health-Based Standards
Area Sources: Urban Air Toxics Strategy
Sip Revisions
Hap Permits
Special Studies
Clean Air Mercury Rule
Prevention of Accidental Releases
Solid Waste Combustion
Title IV — Acid Deposition Program
SO2 Provisions — Clean Air Interstate Rule 2005 Effect
Market-Based Allowance Program
Nox Provisions — Budget Training Program
Other Provisions
Title V — Operating Permits
Permit Program Requirements
Fees
Other Provisions
Valid Permits
Title VI — Stratospheric Ozone Protection
Recapture and Recycling
Labeling
Title VII — Enforcement Provisions
Clean Air Crimes
Title VIII — Miscellaneous Provisions
Visibility and Source Receptor Concepts
Grand Canyon Visibility Transport Commission
International Treaties
Montreal Protocol
Kyoto Accords
The Influence of Nonregulatory Governmental Actions
Court Decisions
Chapter 10 Management, Trends, and Indoor Air Quality
Elements of Air Quality Management
Nonregulatory Air Quality Management Approaches
Trends
Trends in Emissions
Trends in the Extreme Ozone Area
Trends in Strategy
Fuels and Transportation
Small Sources
Governance
Hazardous Air Pollutants
Lifestyle Impacts
Stationary Sources
Natural Sources
The Outlook
Indoor Air Quality
Environmental Tobacco Smoke
Radon
Radon in Building Sources
Soil
Water
Building Materials
Measurement and Action Levels
House Characteristics and Radon Gas Entry
Mitigation
Other Indoor Air Contaminant Concerns
Public Buildings
Indoor Air Pollution In Developing Countries
List of Acronyms
Glossary
Bibliography
Index
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Tags: Roger Griffin, Air Quality