Principles of Patent Law Conci Hornbook Series 1st edition by Roger Schechter, John Thomas ISBN 0314147516 9780314147516

Chapter 1. Introduction to the Law of Patents

1.1    Brief Overview of the Patent Law

1.2    Patent Law Norms

1.2.1   The Right to Exclude

1.2.2   Intangible Property and the Exhaustion of Rights

1.2.3   The Public Domain

1.2.4   One Patent Per Invention

1.2.5   Patent Award to the First Inventor

1.2.6   The Claims Define the Patented Invention

1.2.7   Territoriality

1.3    Patent Policy

1.3.1   Instrumental Rationales

1.3.2   Natural Rights

1.3.3   Criticism of the Patent System

1.4    History

1.4.1   Origins

1.4.2   The Statute of Monopolies

1.4.3   The Constitution

1.4.4   The 1790 and 1793 Acts

1.4.5   The 1836 and 1870 Acts

1.4.6   The 1952 Act

1.4.7   The Federal Courts Improvement Act of 1982

1.4.8   The American Inventors Protection Act of 1999

1.5    International Patent Harmonization

1.5.1   The Paris Convention

1.5.2   The Patent Cooperation Treaty

1.5.3   The TRIPS Agreement

1.6    Other Forms of Intellectual Property

1.6.1   Trade Secrets

1.6.2   Copyright and Related Rights

1.6.3   Trademark and Related Rights

Chapter 2. Patent Eligibility

2.1    Basic Concepts

2.2    Product and Process Claims

2.2.1   Scientific and Mathematical Principles

2.2.2   The Physical Transformation Requirement

2.2.3   Process Claims for New Uses

2.3    Biotechnology

2.3.1   Products of Nature

2.3.2   Genetically Engineered Organisms

2.4    Methods of Medical Treatment

2.5    Computer–Related Inventions

2.5.1   The Mental Steps Doctrine

2.5.2   Computer–Related Inventions at the Supreme Court

2.5.3   Computer–Related Inventions at the Federal Circuit

2.6    Presentations of Information

2.7    Methods of Doing Business

2.8    Designs

2.9    Plants

2.10    Closing Thoughts on Patent Eligibility

Chapter 3. Utility

3.1    Basic Concepts

3.2    Inoperable Inventions

3.3    Utility in Chemistry and Biotechnology

3.4    Immoral, Fraudulent and Incredible Inventions

Chapter 4. Novelty

4.1    Introduction

4.2    The Novelty Standard

4.2.1   The Strict Identity Requirement

4.2.2   Genus and Species

4.2.3   The Enablement Requirement

4.2.4   Inherency and Accidental Anticipation

4.3    Prior Art for Novelty: The Statutory Bars

4.3.1   Introduction to § 102(b)

4.3.2   “Public Use” Under § 102(b)

4.3.3   “On Sale” Under § 102(b)

4.3.4   “In this Country”

4.3.5   Experimental Use

4.3.6   Patents and Printed Publications

4.3.7   Abandonment Under § 102(c)

4.3.8   Delayed United States Filing Under § 102(d)

4.4    Prior Art for Novelty: Prior Invention

4.4.1   Prior Invention Under § 102(a)

4.4.2   Prior Invention Under § 102(g)

4.4.3   Disclosure in U.S. Patent Applications Under 102(e)

4.4.4   Derivation Under § 102(f)

Chapter 5. Nonobviousness

5.1    Introduction

5.2    Prior Art for Nonobviousness

5.2.1   Analogous Arts

5.2.2   Section 103(c)

§ 5.3 The Nonobviousness Inquiry

5.3.1   The Historical Standard of Invention

5.3.2   The Modern Standard of Nonobviousness

5.3.3   The Secondary Considerations

5.3.4   Nonobviousness in Chemistry and Biotechnology

5.3.5   Synopsis

Chapter 6. The Patent Instrument

6.1    The Specification

6.1.1   Enablement

6.1.2   Written Description

6.1.3   Best Mode

6.2    The Claims

6.2.1   Basic Claim Drafting

6.2.2   Claim Formats

6.2.3   Definiteness

Chapter 7. Patent Prosecution

7.1    Introduction to the Patent and Trademark Office

7.2    The Mechanics of Prosecution

7.2.1   Preparation of Applications

7.2.2   Provisional Applications

7.2.3   Examination of Applications

7.2.4   Continuing Applications

7.2.5   The Restriction Requirement and Divisional Applications

7.2.6   Publication of Applications

7.2.7   Petition and Appeal

7.2.8   Invention Secrecy Orders

7.3    Inventorship

7.4    Duration of Rights

7.5    Post–Grant Proceedings

7.5.1   Certificates of Correction

7.5.2   Disclaimers

7.5.3   Reissue

7.5.4   Reexamination

7.6    Other PTO Proceedings

7.6.1   Interferences

7.6.2   Protests

7.6.3   Citation of Prior Art

7.6.4   Public Use Proceedings

7.7    Abuses of the Patent Acquisition Process

7.7.1   Inequitable Conduct

7.7.2   Double Patenting

7.7.3   Prosecution Laches

Chapter 8. Patent Infringement

8.1    Scope of Rights

8.1.1   Direct Infringement

8.1.2   Indirect Infringement

8.2    Claim Interpretation

8.2.1   Literal Infringement

8.2.2   Doctrine of Equivalents

Chapter 9. Remedies For Patent Infringement

9.1    Injunctions

9.2    Damages

9.2.1   Reasonable Royalties

9.2.2   Lost Profits

9.2.3   Marking

9.2.4   Provisional Rights

9.2.5   Enhanced Damages

9.2.6   Attorney Fees

Chapter 10. Patent Litigation

10.1    Jurisdiction and Venue

10.1.1   Subject Matter Jurisdiction

10.1.2   Supplemental Jurisdiction

10.1.3   Personal Jurisdiction and Venue

10.1.4   The Declaratory Judgments Act

10.2    Appellate Jurisdiction

10.3    Choice of Law at the Federal Circuit

10.4    Issue Preclusion and the Blonder–Tongue Doctrine

10.5    Laches and Estoppel

Chapter 11. Patent Assignments and Licenses

11.1    Basic Concepts

11.2    Recordation of Assignments

11.3    Security Interests

11.4    Licensee and Assignor Estoppel

11.5    Misuse, Tying, and Contributory Infringement

11.6    Post–Expiration Royalties

11.7    Implied Licenses

11.8    Shop Rights

Chapter 12. Patent Law in International Perspective

12.1    The Paris Convention

12.1.1   National Treatment

12.1.2   Independence of Patents

12.1.3   International Priority

12.1.4   Benefits of Paris Convention Priority

12.1.5   The Future of the Paris Convention

12.2    The Patent Cooperation Treaty

12.3    Foreign Filing Licenses

12.4    Regional Agreements

12.5    NAFTA

12.6    The TRIPS Agreement

12.6.1   Minimum Standards of Protection

12.6.2   Dispute Settlement

12.6.3   Effective Dates

12.6.4   Debate on the TRIPS Agreement

12.7    Free Trade Agreements

12.8    Comparative Patent Law

12.8.1   Priority Principle

12.8.2   Grace Period

12.8.3   Patentable Subject Matter

12.8.4   Deferred Examination

12.8.5   Publication of Pending Applications

12.8.6   Oppositions

12.8.7   Patent Validity as an Infringement Defense

12.8.8   Scope of Patent Protection

Chapter 13. State Law Issues: Trade Secrets and Federal Preemption

13.1    Trade Secrets

13.1.1   Sources of Law

13.1.2   Eligible Subject Matter

13.1.3   Misappropriation

13.1.4   Remedies

13.1.5   The Economic Espionage Act

13.1.6   Trade Secrets and Patents

13.2    Federal Preemption

INDEX