The Psychology Book Big Ideas Simply Explained 1st edition by DK ISBN 0593849156 9780593849156

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ISBN 10: 0593849156
ISBN 13: 9780593849156
Author: DK

Learn about human nature, behavior and how the mind works with The Psychology Book. Part of the fascinating Big Ideas series, this book tackles tricky topics and themes in a simple and easy to follow format. Learn about Psychology in this overview guide to the subject, great for beginners looking to learn and experts wishing to refresh their knowledge alike! The Psychology Book brings a fresh and vibrant take on the topic through eye-catching graphics and diagrams to immerse yourself in. This captivating book will broaden your understanding of Psychology, with: More than 100 ground-breaking ideas in this field of science Packed with facts, charts, timelines and graphs to help explain core concepts A visual approach to big subjects with striking illustrations and graphics throughout Easy to follow text makes topics accessible for people at any level of understanding The Psychology Book is the perfect introduction to the science, aimed at adults with an interest in the subject and students wanting to gain more of an overview. Here you’ll discover key concepts by psychologists who have significantly enhanced our understanding of the human mind and behavior. Learn about everyone who’s contributed to the big ideas in psychology, incorporating the ideas of today’s scientists as well those of the ancient philosophers and pioneers. Your Psychological Questions, Simply Explained If you thought it was difficult to learn psychology and its many concepts, The Psychology Book presents the key ideas in a clear layout. Learn about the key personalities of the 19th and 20th centuries whose work has made significant contributions to our understanding of human behavior. Fantastic mind maps and step-by-step summaries explain the line of thought clearly for students of psychology and for anyone with a general interest in understanding the human mind. The Big Ideas Series With millions of copies sold worldwide, The Psychology Book is part of the award-winning Big Ideas series from DK. The series uses striking graphics along with engaging writing, making big topics easy to understand.

The Psychology Book Big Ideas Simply Explained 1st Table of contents:

1. INTRODUCTION
2. PHILOSOPHICAL ROOTS • PSYCHOLOGY IN THE MAKING
3. The four temperaments of personality • Galen
4. There is a reasoning soul in this machine • René Descartes
5. Dormez! • Abbé Faria
6. Concepts become forces when they resist one another • Johann Friedrich Herbart
7. Be that self which one truly is • Søren Kierkegaard
8. Personality is composed of nature and nurture • Francis Galton
9. The laws of hysteria are universal • Jean-Martin Charcot
10. A peculiar destruction of the internal connections of the psyche • Emil Kraepelin
11. The beginnings of the mental life date from the beginnings of life • Wilhelm Wundt
12. We know the meaning of “consciousness” so long as no one asks us to define it • William James
13. Adolescence is a new birth • G. Stanley Hall
14. 24 hours after learning something, we forget two-thirds of it • Hermann Ebbinghaus
15. The intelligence of an individual is not a fixed quantity • Alfred Binet
16. The unconscious sees the men behind the curtains • Pierre Janet
17. BEHAVIORISM • RESPONDING TO OUR ENVIRONMENT
18. The sight of tasty food makes a hungry man’s mouth water • Ivan Pavlov
19. Profitless acts are stamped out • Edward Thorndike
20. Anyone, regardless of their nature, can be trained to be anything • John B. Watson
21. That great God-given maze which is our human world • Edward Tolman
22. Once a rat has visited our grain sack we can plan on its return • Edwin Guthrie
23. Nothing is more natural than for the cat to “love” the rat • Zing-Yang Kuo
24. Learning is just not possible • Karl Lashley
25. Imprinting cannot be forgotten! • Konrad Lorenz
26. Behavior is shaped by positive and negative reinforcement • B. F. Skinner
27. Stop imagining the scene and relax • Joseph Wolpe
28. PSYCHOTHERAPY • THE UNCONSCIOUS DETERMINES BEHAVIOR
29. The unconscious is the true psychical reality • Sigmund Freud
30. The neurotic carries a feeling of inferiority with him constantly • Alfred Adler
31. The collective unconscious is made up of archetypes • Carl Jung
32. The struggle between the life and death instincts persists throughout life • Melanie Klein
33. The tyranny of the “shoulds” • Karen Horney
34. The superego becomes clear only when it confronts the ego with hostility • Anna Freud
35. Truth can be tolerated only if you discover it yourself • Fritz Perls
36. It is notoriously inadequate to take an adopted child into one’s home and love him • Donald Winnicott
37. The unconscious is the discourse of the Other • Jacques Lacan
38. Man’s main task is to give birth to himself • Erich Fromm
39. The good life is a process not a state of being • Carl Rogers
40. What a man can be, he must be • Abraham Maslow
41. Suffering ceases to be suffering at the moment it finds a meaning • Viktor Frankl
42. One does not become fully human painlessly • Rollo May
43. Rational beliefs create healthy emotional consequences • Albert Ellis
44. The family is the “factory” where people are made • Virginia Satir
45. Turn on, tune in, drop out • Timothy Leary
46. Insight may cause blindness • Paul Watzlawick
47. Madness need not be all breakdown. It may also be break-through • R. D. Laing
48. Our history does not determine our destiny • Boris Cyrulnik
49. Only good people get depressed • Dorothy Rowe
50. Fathers are subject to a rule of silence • Guy Corneau
51. COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY • THE CALCULATING BRAIN
52. Instinct is a dynamic pattern • Wolfgang Köhler
53. Interruption of a task greatly improves its chances of being remembered • Bluma Zeigarnik
54. When a baby hears footsteps, an assembly is excited • Donald Hebb
55. Knowing is a process not a product • Jerome Bruner
56. A man with a conviction is a hard man to change • Leon Festinger
57. The magical number 7, plus or minus 2 • George Armitage Miller
58. There’s more to the surface than meets the eye • Aaron Beck
59. We can listen to only one voice at once • Donald Broadbent
60. Time’s arrow is bent into a loop • Endel Tulving
61. Perception is externally guided hallucination • Roger N. Shepard
62. We are constantly on the lookout for causal connections • Daniel Kahneman
63. Events and emotion are stored in memory together • Gordon H. Bower
64. Emotions are a runaway train • Paul Ekman
65. Ecstasy is a step into an alternative reality • Mihály Csíkszentmihályi
66. Happy people are extremely social • Martin Seligman
67. What we believe with all our hearts is not necessarily the truth • Elizabeth Loftus
68. The seven sins of memory • Daniel Schacter
69. One is not one’s thoughts • Jon Kabat-Zinn
70. Without the biological clocks in our brains, our lives would be chaotic • Colin Blakemore
71. A nudge is some small feature of the environment that attracts our attention and alters our behavior • Richard Thaler
72. The fear is that biology will debunk all that we hold sacred • Steven Pinker
73. Compulsive behavior rituals are attempts to control intrusive thoughts • Paul Salkovskis
74. We pay attention to what we’re looking for … what we see is amazingly limited • Chabris & Simons
75. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY • BEING IN A WORLD OF OTHERS
76. You cannot understand a system until you try to change it • Kurt Lewin
77. How strong is the urge toward social conformity? • Solomon Asch
78. Life is a dramatically enacted thing • Erving Goffman
79. The more amiability and esprit de corps there is … the greater the danger of groupthink • Irving Janis
80. The more you see it, the more you like it • Robert Zajonc
81. Who likes competent women? • Janet Taylor Spence
82. Flashbulb memories are fired by events of high emotionality • Roger Brown
83. The goal is not to advance knowledge, but to be in the know • Serge Moscovici
84. We are, by nature, social beings • William Glasser
85. We believe people get what they deserve • Melvin Lerner
86. People who do crazy things are not necessarily crazy • Elliot Aronson
87. People do what they are told to do • Stanley Milgram
88. What happens when you put good people in an evil place? • Philip Zimbardo
89. The experimenter [must] balance … scientific interests against the interests of his prospective subjects • Diana Baumrind
90. The unresponsive bystander: why doesn’t he help? • Latané & Darley
91. Trauma must be understood in terms of the relationship between the individual and society • Ignacio Martín-Baró
92. DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY • FROM INFANT TO ADULT
93. The goal of education is to create men and women who are capable of doing new things • Jean Piaget
94. We become ourselves through others • Lev Vygotsky
95. A child is not beholden to any particular parent • Bruno Bettelheim
96. Anything that grows has a ground plan • Erik Erikson
97. Early emotional bonds are an integral part of human nature • John Bowlby
98. Contact comfort is overwhelmingly important • Harry Harlow
99. We prepare children for a life about whose course we know nothing • Françoise Dolto
100. A sensitive mother creates a secure attachment • Mary Ainsworth
101. Who teaches a child to hate and fear a member of another race? • Clark & Phipps Clark
102. Girls get better grades than boys • Eleanor E. Maccoby
103. Most human behavior is learned through modeling • Albert Bandura
104. Morality develops in six stages • Lawrence Kohlberg
105. The language organ grows like any other body organ • Noam Chomsky
106. PSYCHOLOGY OF DIFFERENCE • PERSONALITY AND INTELLIGENCE
107. Name as many uses as you can think of for a toothpick • J.P. Guilford
108. Did Robinson Crusoe lack personality traits before the advent of Friday? • Gordon Allport
109. General intelligence consists of both fluid and crystallized intelligence • Raymond Cattell
110. There is an association between insanity and genius • Hans J. Eysenck
111. Three key motivations drive performance • David C. McClelland
112. Emotion is an essentially unconscious process • Nico Frijda
113. Behavior without environmental cues would be absurdly chaotic • Walter Mischel
114. We cannot distinguish the sane from the insane in psychiatric hospitals • David Rosenhan
115. The three faces of Eve • Thigpen & Cleckley
116. DIRECTORY
117. GLOSSARY
118. CONTRIBUTORS
119. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
120. COPYRIGHT

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