Real Research Research Methods Sociology Students Can Use 2nd edition by Liahna Gordon – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1544339682 , 978-1544339689
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ISBN 10: 1544339682
ISBN 13: 978-1544339689
Author: Liahna Gordon
Real Research: Research Methods Sociology Students Can Use by Liahna Gordon is an innovative text that takes a holistic approach to the subject by discussing each step in the research process within the context of a particular method. With no generalizations about concepts that apply to only some research methods but not others, students can jump into the first research method within the first two weeks of class. After an overview of data collection in the first chapter, subsequent chapters focus on eight specific quantitative and qualitative methods most frequently used in sociology. The Second Edition includes a new chapter on focus groups, updated “Real Research” profiles of individuals using research methods in a wide range of careers, and examples of common student errors to streamline learning.
Real Research Research Methods Sociology Students Can Use 2nd Table of contents:
Chapter 1 • Introduction
What Is Empirical Social Research?
Why Is Research Important?
Methods of Data Collection
Surveys
Interviews
Focus Groups
Observation
Ethnography
Secondary Data Analysis
Existing Statistics
Content Analysis
Experiments
Box 1.1. Summary of Research Methods and Their Purposes
Check Your Understanding
Quantitative and Qualitative Research
Box 1.2. Quantitative and Qualitative Research Methods
Basic and Applied Research
Box 1.3. Examples of Basic and Applied Research Topics
The Components of Research
Methodology
Theory
Research Question
Box 1.4. Examples of Research Topics
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Ethics
Sampling
Check Your Understanding
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Preparing for Data Collection
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Presenting the Results
Box 1.5. Summary of Components of Research
Reading This Text
Summary Points
Chapter 2 • Interviewing
Box 2.1. Questions in a Semi-structured Interview
Box 2.2. Questions in a Loosely Structured Interview
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Box 2.3. Research Questions Appropriate for Qualitative Interviews
Box 2.4. Avoid These Common Errors In Writing Research Questions for Interview Research
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Ethics
Box 2.5. Sample Informed Consent Statement for Interviewing
Special Considerations
Other Ethical Issues
Check Your Understanding
Sampling
Box 2.6. Decision Path for Qualitative Interview Sampling
Gatekeepers
Check Your Understanding
Sample Size
Check Your Understanding
Preparing for Data Collection
Data Collection
Establishing Rapport
Additional Steps to Improve Data Quality
Box 2.7. Key Words Eliciting Information About Specific Examples
Semi-Structured Interviews
Loosely Structured Interviews
Box 2.8. Interviewing Do’s and Don’ts
Data Analysis
Transcription
Steps in Data Analysis
Box 2.9. Axial Coding: Five Types of Patterns
Box 2.10. Diagram of Steps in Qualitative Data Analysis
Check Your Understanding
Timing of Data Analysis
Using Software in Data Analysis
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Chapter 3 • Observation and Ethnography
Check Your Understanding
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Observation
Box 3.1. Research Questions Appropriate for Observation Research
Box 3.2. Avoid These Errors in Writing Research Questions for Observation
Check Your Understanding
Ethnography
Box 3.3. Research Questions Appropriate for Ethnography
Box 3.4. Avoid These Common Errors In Writing Research Questions for Ethnography
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Ethics
Box 3.5. Sample Informed Consent Statement for Observation and Ethnography
Special Considerations
Other Ethical Issues
Box 3.6. Decision Path for Consent in Observation and Ethnography
Check Your Understanding
Sampling
Observation
Box 3.7. Sampling for Observation
Check Your Understanding
Ethnography
Check Your Understanding
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Check Your Understanding
Preparing for Data Collection
Data Collection
Ethnography
Data Analysis
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Chapter 4 • Surveys
Box 4.1. Comparison of Survey Modes of Delivery
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Box 4.2. Examples of Research Questions Appropriate for Survey Research
Box 4.3. Avoid These Common Errors IN Writing Research Questions for Survey Research
Box 4.4. Example of Research Question and Corresponding Hypotheses
Box 4.5. Avoid These Common Errors IN Writing Hypotheses
Box 4.6. Example of Objectives for an Applied Study of Sociology Alumni
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Box 4.7. Example of Conceptualizing and Operationalizing for Survey Research
Check Your Understanding
Levels of Measurement
Box 4.8. Example of Groupings Affected by Level of Measurement Used
Box 4.9. Question and Response Wording for Different Levels of Measurement
Writing Survey Items
Box 4.10. Common Opposites to Use for Response Categories
Check Your Understanding
Sampling
Probability Sampling
Box 4.11. Probability Sampling Techniques as Applied to Survey Research
Nonprobability Sampling
Check Your Understanding
Sample Size
Box 4.12. Decision Path for Sampling for Survey Research
Response Rate
Check Your Understanding
Ethics
Mail Surveys
Box 4.13. Sample Informed Consent Statement for Mail or Take-Home Survey
Online Surveys
Box 4.14. Sample Informed Consent Statement for Online Survey
Phone Surveys
Box 4.15. Sample Informed Consent for Phone Surveys
Face-to-Face Surveys
Take-Home Surveys
Box 4.16. Sample Informed Consent Statement for Face-to-Face Surveys
Special Considerations
Box 4.17. Informed Consent by Mode of Delivery
Check Your Understanding
Preparing for Data Collection
Applied Research
Finalizing the Survey Instrument
Training
Box 4.18. Example of a Grid Pattern
Pretesting the Survey
Data Collection
Mail Surveys
Phone Surveys
Face-to-Face Surveys
Online Surveys
Evaluation Research
Check Your Understanding
Data Analysis
Cleaning the Data
Statistical Analysis
Box 4.19. Example of a Crosstab: Percentage of Respondents Agreeing That Spanking Children Is Necessary, by Highest Degree Obtained, 1972–2016
Box 4.20. Positive and Negative Relationships
Check Your Understanding
Causality
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Chapter 5 • Secondary Data Analysis
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Applied Research
Box 5.1. Examples of Research Questions Appropriate for Survey (and thus Secondary Data) Research
Box 5.2. Avoid These Common Errors IN Writing Research Questions for Secondary Data Analysis
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Ethics
Preparing for Data Collection
Box 5.3. Popular Data Repositories of Secondary Data Sets
Check Your Understanding
Box 5.4. Decision Path for Choosing a Secondary Data Set
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Check Your Understanding
Sampling
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Chapter 6 • Existing Statistics Research
Box 6.1. Example of a Spreadsheet Using Existing Statistics for Community-Level Variables
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Box 6.2. Examples of Research Questions Appropriate for Existing Statistics
Box 6.3. Avoid These Common Errors When Writing Research Questions for Existing Statistics
Check Your Understanding
Ethics
Preparing for Data Collection
Box 6.4. Selected Sources of Existing Statistics
Check Your Understanding
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Sampling
Check Your Understanding
Box 6.5. Probability Sampling Techniques as Applied to Existing Statistics Research
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Chapter 7 • Content Analysis
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Box 7.1. Examples of Research Questions Appropriate for Content Analysis
Box 7.2. Avoid These Common Errors When Writing Research Questions for Content Analysis
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Sampling
Box 7.3. Probability Sampling Techniques as Applied to Content Analysis
Check Your Understanding
Box 7.4. DECISION PATH for Multi-Stage Sampling for Content Analysis
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Quantitative Content Analysis
Qualitative Content Analysis
Box 7.5. Sample Quantitative Coding Sheet
Box 7.6. Sample Qualitative Coding Sheet
Ethics
Check Your Understanding
Preparing for Data Collection
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Quantitative Data Analysis
Qualitative Data Analysis
Box 7.7. Patterns You May Look for in Axial Coding Applied to Content Analysis
Box 7.8. Diagram of Steps in Qualitative Data Analysis
Check Your Understanding
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Chapter 8 • Experiments for Evaluation Research
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Box 8.1. Sample Hypotheses for Experimental Evaluation Research
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Choosing a Study Design
Variations of the Classical Experimental Design
Box 8.2. Diagram of Multiple Treatment Groups With Different Combinations of Treatment
Box 8.3. Decision Path for Choosing AN EXPERIMENTAL Study Design
Check Your Understanding
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Check Your Understanding
Sampling
Box 8.4. Probability Sampling Methods Adapted for Random Group Assignment
Check Your Understanding
Ethics
Informed Consent
Box 8.5. Sample Informed Consent Statement for Experimental Evaluation Research
Protecting Participants
Special Considerations for Evaluation Research
Check Your Understanding
Preparing for Data Collection
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Evaluating the Quality of Data and Analysis
Box 8.6. Threats to Internal Validity in Evaluation Research
Check Your Understanding
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Chapter 9 • Focus Groups
Methodology
Theory
Research Questions
Box 9.1. Examples of Research Questions Appropriate for Focus Groups
Box 9.2. Common Mistakes to Avoid in Writing Research Questions for Focus Group Research
Check Your Understanding
Literature Review
Sampling
Number and Composition of Groups
Choosing Participants
Box 9.3. Groups Planned for Focus Group Research on a Tight Budget
Check Your Understanding
Compensation and Other Incentives to Participate
Box 9.4. Decision Path for Focus Group Sampling
Conceptualizing and Operationalizing
Check Your Understanding
Check Your Understanding
Check Your Understanding
Ethics
Box 9.5. Sample Informed Consent Statement for Focus Group Research
Special Considerations
Check Your Understanding
Preparing for Data Collection
Box 9.6. Example Phone Invitation
Box 9.7. Example Follow-Up E-mail
Data Collection
Check Your Understanding
Analysis
Check Your Understanding
Presenting the Results
Summary Points
Appendix A • Reviewing the Literature
Types of Sources
Searching the Literature
Box A1.1. Journal Indexes Relevant to Sociology
Box A1.2. Example of Bracketing With Multiple Search Rows
Reading Scholarly Articles
Writing a Literature Review
Box A1.3. Examples of How to Incorporate Citations Into a Sentence
Plagiarism
Box A1.4. Examples of Attempts at Summarizing Without Plagiarizing
Appendix B • Writing a Research Proposal
Title
Introduction and Literature Review
Research Question
Data Collection
Data Analysis
Implications
Timeline
Budget
Style
Guidelines and Formatting
A “Seamless Whole”
References
Index
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