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ISBN 10: 1138071476
ISBN 13: 9781138071476
Author: Michael Hall, Gossling Stefan, Daniel Scott
Routledge Handbook of Tourism and Sustainability from C. Michael Hall, Stefan Gössling, Daniel Scott
is one of the winners of the ITB BookAwards 2016 in the category Specialist tourism literature!
Sustainability remains one of the major issues in tourism today. Concerns over climate and environmental change, the fallout from the global economic and financial crisis, and the seeming failure to meeting UN Millennium development goals have only reinforced the need for more sustainable approaches to tourism, however they be defined. Given the centrality of sustainability in tourism curricula, policies, research and practice it is therefore appropriate to prepare a state of the art handbook on the relationship between tourism and sustainability.
This timely Handbook of Tourism and Sustainability is developed from specifically commissioned original contributions from recognised authors in the field, providing a systematic guide to the current state of knowledge on this area. It is interdisciplinary in coverage and international in scope through its authorship and content. The volume commences with an assessment of tourism’s global environmental, e.g. climate, emissions, energy use, biodiversity, water use, land use, and socio-economic effects, e.g. economic impacts, employment and livelihoods, culture. This then provides the context for sections outlining the main theoretical frameworks and constructs that inform tourism and sustainability, management tools and approaches, and the approaches used in different tourism and travel industry sectors. The book concludes by examining emerging and future concerns in tourism and sustainability such as peak-oil, post-carbon tourism, green economy and transition tourism.
This is essential reading for students, researches and academics interested in the possibilities of sustainable forms of tourism and tourism’s contribution to sustainable development. Its assessment of tourism’s global impact along with its overviews of sectoral and management approaches will provide a benchmark by which the sustainability of tourism will be measured for years to come.
The Routledge Handbook of Tourism and Sustainability 1st Table of contents:
Acknowledgements
1 Tourism and sustainability: An introduction
Introduction
Sustainable development and sustainable tourism
Academic adoption of ‘sustainable tourism’ and ‘sustainable development’
Adoption of ‘sustainable tourism’ by the public and private sectors
The policy problem attributes of sustainable tourism: Implications for approaches
Framing tourism and sustainability
References
Part 1 Introductory contexts to tourism and sustainability
2 The evolution of sustainable development and sustainable tourism
Introduction
The Romantic vision: Changing attitudes towards nature in Western society
Conserving nature
The rise of progressive conservation
Primitive sustainable tourism? National parks and tourism
The growth debate
Conclusions: Lessons and observations?
References
3 The global effects and impacts of tourism: An overview
Introduction
Economic
Environmental
Energy use and emissions
Fresh water
Land use and change
Biodiversity
Food consumption
Sociocultural
Conclusion
References
Part 2 Theoretical frameworks and concepts in tourism and sustainability
4 Tourism and the precautionary principle in theory and practice
Introduction
The Precautionary Principle
Tourism and precaution
Conclusion
References
5 Sustainable yield: An integrated approach to tourism management
Introduction
What is yield?
Production yield
Investment yield
Sustained vs. sustainable yield
Sustained yield
Sustainable yield
Yield trade-offs
A systems approach
Sustainable yield measures
Conclusion
References
6 Tourism and common pool resources
Introduction: tourism and resources
Common pool resources in tourism
Governing the tourism commons
Current state of research and future research needs
References
7 Tourism and human rights
Introduction
Tourism as a violator of human rights
Tourism, human rights and NGOs
Academic insights
Indigenous rights and tourism
The impact of neoliberalism
Tourism, human rights and global transformations
Conclusion
References
8 Ethics in tourism
Introduction
Definitions and basic complexities
History of scholarly engagement with ethics
Ethics and mass tourism
Ethics and responsible tourism
Ethics and ecotourism
Ethical codes for the tourism industry
Current directions
Conclusion
References
9 Pro-poor tourism: Reflections on past research and directions for the future
Introduction
Methodology
Findings
Number of articles published
PPT research by region
Use of theories and models
Research methods used in PPT studies
Future research
Conclusion
References
10 Environmentally sustainable tourists?
Introduction
It remains unclear whether an environmentally friendly tourist exists
People’s behavior changes with context
Even “dark green” tourists cannot make a fully informed vacation choice
If tourists don’t demand it, the tourism industry does not offer it
Hope for the future
Conclusions
References
11 Environmental justice and tourism
Introduction
Environmental justice and the environment movement
Key environmental justice concepts and issues in tourism
Distributive justice and environmental equity
Environmental racism and environmental discrimination
Procedural justice
Climate justice
The way forward
References
12 Consumptive and non-consumptive tourism practices: The case of wildlife tourism
Introduction
Consumption as a market-based activity
Consumption as the creation of meaning
Consumption as a user of resources
Is the killing of animals sustainable?
Where do consumptive uses such as hunting and fishing ‘fit in’?
Moral arguments for (and against) hunting and fishing
Conclusion
References
13 Tourism and cultural change
Introduction
Sustainability, tourism and cultural change
Cross-cultural exchange
Authenticity
Acculturation
Community-based tourism
Conclusions
References
Part 3 Management tools and concepts
14 Environmental indicators and benchmarking for sustainable tourism development
Introduction
Sustainability indicators
Applying sustainable tourism indicators
WTO sustainable tourism indicators
Samoa sustainable tourism indicators
European sustainable tourism indicators
Global sustainable tourism criteria
Research on sustainable tourism indicators
Conclusions
References
15 Certification and labeling
Introduction
Certification for sustainable tourism
Benefits of sustainable tourism certification
Issues with sustainable tourism certification
Process-based systems
Performance-based systems
Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria
The future of sustainable tourism certification
Recommendations
References
16 Life cycle assessment
Introduction
The challenge of assessing the full diversity of the environmental impact from tourism
Life-cycle assessment as a holistic method for environmental appraisal
The methodological framework for LCA assessment
Types of LCA
Simplified LCA
LCA in tourism
Limitations of LCA
Conclusions
References
17 Carbon management
Introduction
Strategy
Carbon management by sub-sector
Destinations
Conclusion
References
18 Sustainable tourism legislation and regulation
Introduction
Regulatory and legislative tools and instruments
Global governance and sustainable tourism policy
The role of indicators and evaluation
Future directions: complexity science as an alternative lens
References
19 Promoting voluntary behavio ur change for sustainable tourism: The potential role of social marketing
Introduction
Social marketing: A brief history
Social marketing: Conceptual underpinnings
Voluntary behaviour change
An exchange
Long-term planning process
Audience research and segmentation
Not only individuals, but also wider publics
Competition
Social marketing research in tourism
Further research
Conclusion
References
20 Managing visitors to the natural environment
Introduction
Managing the environmental context: the vital role of planning
Managing tourists in the natural environment
Managing the nature tourism industry
Managing nature tourism for sustainability
Conclusion
References
21 Tourism and corporate social responsibility
Introduction
The alphabet soup of responsible business: CSR, CSER, CR, CP…
CSR research on travel, tourism and hospitality organisations
Knowledge production on CSR in the tourism sector
Conclusion
References
22 Wildlife tourism: “Call it consumption!”
Introduction
Human interactions with wildlife: global discourses
Global scale: discourses/governance and biodiversity
Governance: The global–local nexus
Human–wildlife interactions: “Call it consumption!”
Conclusion
References
23 Stories of people and places: Interpretation, tourism and sustainability
Introduction
Interpretation: definitions and functions
Interpretation as visitor management
Interpretation as visitor experience
Interpretation as tourism development
Interpretation for sustainability
Interpretation futures
References
24 Tourism in the future(s): Forecasting and scenarios
Introduction
Forecasts
Scenarios
Conclusion
References
25 Local-scale environmental impacts and management of tourism
Introduction
Local large-scale impacts
Impact assessment approaches
Impact types and mechanisms
Conclusions
References
Part 4 Sectoral approaches to tourism and sustainability
26 Foodservice in tourism and sustainability
Introduction
Tourism foodservice and sustainability
Food miles
Carbon footprinting in tourism
Sustainable food management practices in tourism
Conclusion
References
27 Environmental management and online environmental performance assessment tools in the hotel industry: Theory and practice
Introduction
Environmental management in the hotel industry
The role and characteristics of environmental performance assessment systems
Practical aspects of the development of performance assessment systems
Online sustainability reporting tools in practice
Conclusion
References
28 Built attractions and sustainability
Introduction
The definition of built attractions
The impacts of built attractions
Sustainability challenges and built attractions
Research issues and built attractions
Conclusion
References
29 Destination tourism: Critical debates, research gaps and the need for a new research agenda
Introduction
Modelling destination development
Comparative and competitive advantage and the role of competitiveness
Sustainability
Conclusion
References
30 Natural heritage, parks and protected areas
Origins of the conservation ideal
Yellowstone, the first national park
Spread and evolution of the national parks concept
Evolution and roles of zoos
World Heritage
Governance
Visitor management
References
31 Changing audience behaviour: A pathway to sustainable event management
Introduction
Defining the sustainable event
Realising the sustainable event
Context
Consumer behaviour
Attitude
Value
Social marketing
Social marketing interventions
Conclusion
References
32 Small firms and sustainable tourism policy: Exploring moral framing
Introduction
Small firms and sustainability: Current perspectives
Exploring moral framing
Applications to small firms in tourism
Full moralisation
Private moralisation
Public moralisation
Conclusion
References
Part 5 Sustainable transport and mobility
33 Sustainable mobility
Introduction
An unsustainable mobility system
Sustainable mobility: a changing concept
Achieving sustainable mobility: A typology
The main approaches
The policy instruments
A typology of sustainable mobility policies
Troublesome leisure-time travel
References
34 The role of aviation in sustainable development of tourism
Introduction
Environmental impacts of aviation
Methods
Noise
Air quality
Climate change
Other environmental impacts
Sustainable tourism and air transport
Mitigating aviation’s emissions
International regulation
Sustainable tourism scenarios
Conclusion
References
35 The environmental challenges of cruise tourism: Impacts and governance
Introduction
The impacts and regulation of cruise tourism
Hoteling
Cruising
Mooring
Discussion and conclusion
References
36 Public transport
Introduction
The use of public transport in tourism
The tourist users of public transport
Visitor satisfaction with public transport services
The potential of public transport as an alternative mode for tourists
Barriers for public transport use
What makes an effective public transport system for tourists?
How to encourage a modal shift to public transport?
Demand management
Multiple stakeholders’ involvement
Challenges to policy implementation
Conclusion
References
37 Sustainable space tourism: New destinations, new challenges
Introduction
Ethics and philosophy of space exploration/exploitation
Space as a contested policy sphere
Argument 1. Space should be heavily regulated.
Argument 2. The development of space tourism should not be left exclusively to private sector interests.
Argument 3. The fragility of space shall require internalisation of the externalities generated from space tourism.
Governance and best practice
Conclusion – Sustainable development: Lessons from terrestrial management
References
Part 6 Emerging issues and the future
38 Peak Oil and tourism: The end of growth?
Introduction
Background on Peak Oil
Tourism’s denial of Peak Oil
Implications
Conclusion
References
39 Low-carbon and post-carbon travel and destinations
Introduction
Low-carbon tourism
Post-carbon travel
Mallorca 2013: climate-friendly travel and accommodation
Mallorca 2025: Post-carbon travel
Conclusion
References
40 Slow travel
Introduction
Participants’ interpretation of slow travel
Academic interpretations of slow travel
Time
The contribution to sustainable tourism
References
41 Tourism and sustainability: Towards a green(er) tourism economy?
Introduction
The essentially contested concept of sustainability
Sustainability as a policy problem
Framing sustainable tourism
Economic sustainability
Balanced sustainability
Green growth and the green economy
On the rebound
Steady-state sustainability and the conservation of natural capital
Economic sufficiency and degrowth
Changing policy paradigms and Institutions
Conclusion
References
Index
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