Science and hypothesis 1st edition by Henri Poincare – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 1350355577 , 978-1350355576
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ISBN 10: 1350355577
ISBN 13: 978-1350355576
Author: Henri Poincare
Science and Hypothesis is a classic text in history and philosophy of science. Widely popular since its original publication in 1902, this first new translation of the work in over a century features unpublished material missing from earlier editions.
Addressing errors introduced by Greenstreet and Halsted in their early 20th-century translations, it incorporates all the changes, corrections and additions Poincaré made over the years. Taking care to update the writing for a modern audience, Poincaré’s ideas and arguments on the role of hypotheses in mathematics and in science become clearer and closer to his original meaning, while David J. Stump’s introduction gives fresh insights into Poincaré’s philosophy of science. By approaching Science and Hypothesis from a contemporary perspective, it presents a better understanding of Poincare’s hierarchy of the sciences, with arithmetic as the foundation, geometry as the science of space, then mechanics and the rest of physics.
For philosophers of science and scientists working on problems of space, time and relativity, this is a much needed translation of a ground-breaking work which demonstrates why Poincaré is still relevant today.
Science and hypothesis 1st Table of contents:
Introduction
Part One Number and Magnitude
1 On the Nature of Mathematical Reasoning
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
2 Mathematical Magnitude and Experience
Definition of incommensurables
The physical continuum
Creation of the mathematical continuum
Measurable magnitude
Various remarks
The multidimensional physical continuum
The multidimensional mathematical continuum
Part Two Space
3 Non-Euclidian Geometries
Lobachevskiian geometry
Riemann’s geometry
Surfaces with a constant curvature
Interpretation of non-Euclidean geometries
Implicit axioms
The fourth geometry6
Lie’s theorem
Riemann’s geometries
Hilbert’s geometries8
On the nature of axioms
4 Space and Geometry
Geometrical space and representative space
Visual space
Tactile space and motor space
Characteristics of representative space
Changes of state and changes of position
Conditions of compensation
Solid bodies and geometry
The law of homogeneity
The non-Euclidean world6
The four-dimensional world
Conclusions
5 Experience and Geometry
1
2
3 Geometry and astronomy
4
5
6
7
SUPPLEMENT
8
Ancestral experience6
Part Three Force
6 Classical Mechanics
The principle of inertia
The law of acceleration
Anthropomorphic mechanics
The “School of the Thread”
7 Relative and Absolute Motion
The principle of relative motion
Newton’s argument
8 Energy and Thermodynamics
Energetics
Thermodynamics*
General Conclusions for Part Th ree
Part Four Nature
9 Hypotheses in Physics
The role of experiment and generalization
The unity of nature
The role of hypotheses
Origin of mathematical physics
10 Theories of Modern Physics
The meaning of physical theories
Physics and mechanism
The current state of physics
11 Probability Calculus
I: Classification of problems of probability
II: Probability in mathematics
III: Probability in the physical sciences
IV: Red and black
V: Probabilistic causation
VI: Theory of errors
VII: Conclusions
12 Optics and Electricity
Fresnel’s theory
Maxwell’s theory
The mechanical explanation of physical phenomena
13 Electrodynamics
I Ampère’s theory
II Helmholtz’s theory
III Difficulties raised by these theories
IV Maxwell’s theory
V Rowland’s experiments
VI Lorentz’s theory
14 The End of Matter*
Index
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