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ISBN 10: 1285874323
ISBN 13: 978-1285874326
Author: William Shaw, Vincent Barry
MORAL ISSUES IN BUSINESS, 13E examines the moral dilemmas that are common to today’s business climate and gives readers the analytical tools to resolve those issues. Using a combination of true stories, interesting reading selections, and a conversational writing style, this edition prepares readers for the moral quandaries awaiting them in the professional world. Featured topics include: the nature of morality, individual integrity and responsibility, economic justice, pitfalls of capitalism, and corporations’ responsibilities to consumers and the environment. Plus, this edition also discusses situation-specific concepts such as downsizing, whistle blowing, sexual harassment, job discrimination, animal abuse, and drug testing.
Moral Issues in Business 13th Table of contents:
Acknowledgments
Part 1. Moral Philosophy and Business
Chapter 1. The Nature of Morality
Ethics
Business and Organizational Ethics
Moral Versus Nonmoral Standards
Morality and Etiquette
Morality and Law
Professional Codes
Where Do Moral Standards Come From?
Religion and Morality
Morality Needn’t Rest on Religion
Ethical Relativism
Relativism and the “Game” of Business
Having Moral Principles
Conscience
The Limits of Conscience
Moral Principles and Self-Interest
Morality and Personal Values
Individual Integrity and Responsibility
Organizational Norms
Conformity
Diffusion of Responsibility
Moral Reasoning
Defensible Moral Judgments
Patterns of Defense and Challenge
Requirements for Moral Judgments
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 1.1: Made in the U.S.A.—Dumped in Brazil, Africa, Iraq …
Case 1.2: Just Drop off the Key, Lee
Case 1.3: The A7D Affair
Reading 1.1: It’s Good Business
Reading 1.2: Moral Responsibility in the Age of Bureaucracy
Chapter 2. Normative Theories of Ethics
Consequentialist and Nonconsequentialist Theories
Egoism
Misconceptions about Egoism
Psychological Egoism
Problems with Egoism
Utilitarianism
Six Points about Utilitarianism
Utilitarianism in an Organizational Context
Critical Inquiries of Utilitarianism
The Interplay between Self-Interest and Utility
Kant’s Ethics
Good Will
The Categorical Imperative
Kant in an Organizational Context
Critical Inquiries of Kant’s Ethics
Other Nonconsequentialist Perspectives
Prima Facie Obligations
Assisting Others
Moral Rights
Nonconsequentialism in an Organizational Context
Critical Inquiries of Nonconsequentialism
Utilitarianism Once More
What Will the Optimal Code Look Like?
Moral Decision Making: A Practical Approach
Obligations, Effects, Ideals
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 2.1: Hacking into Harvard
Case 2.2: The Ford Pinto
Case 2.3: Blood for Sale
Reading 2.1: One Philosopher’s Approach to Business Ethics
Reading 2.2: When Is “Everybody’s Doing It” a Moral Justification?
Chapter 3. Justice and Economic Distribution
The Nature of Justice
Rival Principles of Distribution
The Utilitarian View
Utilitarianism and Economic Distribution
The Libertarian Approach
Nozick’s Theory of Justice
Nozick’s Wilt Chamberlain Example
The Libertarian View of Liberty
Markets and Free Exchange
Property Rights
Rawls’s Theory of Justice
The Original Position
Choosing the Principles
Rawls’s Two Principles
Fairness and the Basic Structure
Benefits and Burdens
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 3.1: Eminent Domain
Case 3.2: Battling over Bottled Water
Case 3.3: Poverty in America
Reading 3.1: Income Distribution
Reading 3.2: Is Inheritance Justified?
Part 2. American Business and Its Basis
Chapter 4. The Nature of Capitalism
Capitalism
Historical Background of Capitalism
Key Features of Capitalism
Companies
Profit Motive
Competition
Private Property
Two Arguments for Capitalism
The Natural Right to Property
Adam Smith’s Concept of the Invisible Hand
Criticisms of Capitalism
Inequality
Human Nature and Capitalism
Competition Isn’t What It’s Cracked Up to Be
Exploitation and Alienation
Today’s Economic Challenges
The Decline of American Manufacturing
Exclusive Focus on the Short Term
Changing Attitudes toward Work
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 4.1: Catastrophe in Bangaldesh
Case 4.2: Licensing and Laissez Faire
Case 4.3: One Nation under Walmart
Case 4.4: A New Work Ethic?
Case 4.5: Casino Gambling on Wall Street
Case 4.6: Paying College Athletes
Reading 4.1: Globalization and Its Discontents
Reading 4.2: The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing
Reading 4.3: Buddhist Economics
Chapter 5. Corporations
The Limited-Liability Company
Corporate Moral Agency
Can Corporations Make Moral Decisions?
Vanishing Individual Responsibility
Rival Views of Corporate Responsibility
The Narrow View: Profit Maximization
The Broader View: Corporate Social Responsibility
Stockholders and the Corporation
Debating Corporate Responsibility
The Invisible-Hand Argument
The Let-Government-Do-It Argument
The Business-Can’t-Handle-It Argument
Institutionalizing Ethics Within Corporations
Limits to What the Law Can Do
Ethical Codes and Economic Efficiency
Corporate Moral Codes
Corporate Culture
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 5.1: Yahoo in China
Case 5.2: Drug Dilemmas
Case 5.3: Free Speech or False Advertising?
Case 5.4: Corporations and Religious Faith
Case 5.5: Charity to Scouts?
Case 5.6: Corporate Taxation
Reading 5.1: The Toxic Side Effects of Shareholder Primacy
Reading 5.2: A Debate on the Social Responsibility of Business
Reading 5.3: Business Ethics: On Getting to the Heart of the Matter
Reading 5.4: Ethical Dilemmas for Multinational Enterprise: A Philosophical Overview
Part 3. Business and Society
Chapter 6. Consumers
Product Safety
The Legal Liability of Manufacturers
Government Safety Regulation
How Effective Is Regulation?
The Responsibilities of Business
Other Areas of Business Responsibility
Product Quality
Pricing
Labeling and Packaging
Deception and Unfairness in Advertising
Deceptive Techniques
The Federal Trade Commission’s Role
Ads Directed at Children
The Debate Over Advertising
Consumer Needs
Market Economics
Free Speech and the Media
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 6.1: Breast Implants
Case 6.2: Hot Coffee at McDonald’s
Case 6.3: Sniffing Glue Could Snuff Profits
Case 6.4: Closing the Deal
Case 6.5: The Rise and Fall of Four Loko
Reading 6.1: The Ethics of Sales
Reading 6.2: The Inconclusive Ethical Case against Manipulative Advertising
Reading 6.3: Why Do We Consume So Much?
Chapter 7. The Environment
Business and Ecology
Ecosystems
Business’s Traditional Attitudes Toward the Environment
The Ethics of Environmental Protection
The Costs of Pollution Control
Who Should Pay the Costs?
Achieving Our Environmental Goals
Regulations
Incentives
Pricing Mechanisms and Pollution Permits
Delving Deeper into Environmental Ethics
Global Environmental Fairness
Obligations to Future Generations
The Value of Nature
Our Treatment of Animals
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 7.1: Hazardous Homes in Herculaneum
Case 7.2: Poverty and Pollution
Case 7.3: The Fordasaurus
Case 7.4: The Fight over the Redwoods
Case 7.5: Palm Oil and Its Problems
Reading 7.1: The Place of Nonhumans in Environmental Issues
Reading 7.2: Business and Environmental Ethics
Part 4. The Organization and the People in It
Chapter 8. The Workplace (1): Basic Issues
Civil Liberties in the Workplace
Current Trends
Companies that Look Beyond the Bottom Line
Hiring
Screening
Testing
Interviewing
Promotions
Seniority
Inbreeding
Nepotism
Discipline and Discharge
Two Basic Principles
Dismissing Employees
Wages
A Living Wage
Labor Unions
History of the Union Movement
The Plight of Unions Today
Union Ideals
Union Tactics
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 8.1: AIDS in the Workplace
Case 8.2: Web Porn at Work
Case 8.3: Speaking Out about Malt
Case 8.4: Have Gun, Will Travel … to Work
Case 8.5: Union Discrimination
Reading 8.1: Employment at Will and Due Process
Reading 8.2: The Libertarian Critique of Labor Unions
Reading 8.3: The Meaning and Value of Work
Chapter 9. The Workplace (2): Today’s Challenges
Organizational Influence in Private Lives
The Importance of Privacy
Legitimate and Illegitimate Influence
Testing and Monitoring
Informed Consent
Polygraph Tests
Personality Tests
Drug Testing
Monitoring Employees on the Job
Working Conditions
Health and Safety
OSHA
Management Styles
Day Care and Maternity Leave
Redesigning Work
Dissatisfaction on the Job
Improving Work Life
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 9.1: Unprofessional Conduct?
Case 9.2: Testing for Honesty
Case 9.3: She Snoops to Conquer
Case 9.4: Protecting the Unborn at Work
Case 9.5: Swedish Daddies
Reading 9.1: Drug Testing in Employment
Reading 9.2: Work, Privacy, and Autonomy
Reading 9.3: Workplace Wars: How Much Should I Be Required to Meet the Needs of Your Children?
Reading 9.4: Participation in Employment
Chapter 10. Moral Choices Facing Employees
Obligations to the Firm
Loyalty to the Company
Conflicts of Interest
Abuse of Official Position
Insider Trading
Proprietary Data
Bribes and Kickbacks
The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
The Case against Overseas Bribery
Gifts and Entertainment
Conflicting Obligations
Whistle-Blowing
The Definition of Whistle-Blowing
What Motivates Whistle-Blowers?
When Is Whistle-Blowing Justified?
Self-Interest and Moral Obligation
Protecting Those Who Do the Right Thing
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection
Case 10.1: Changing Jobs and Changing Loyalties
Case 10.2: Conflicting Perspectives on Conflicts of Interest
Case 10.3: Inside Traders or Astute Observers?
Case 10.4: The Housing Allowance
Case 10.5: Ethically Dubious Conduct
Reading 10.1: Does It Make Sense to Be a Loyal Employee?
Reading 10.2: Analyzing Insider Trading from the Perspectives of Utilitarianism and Rights Theory
Reading 10.3: Foreign Corrupt Practices: How to Deal with Foreign Forms of Bribery
Reading 10.4: Some Paradoxes of Whistleblowing
Chapter 11. Job Discrimination
The Meaning of Job Discrimination
Evidence of Discrimination
Statistical Evidence
Attitudinal Evidence
Affirmative Action: The Legal Context
Affirmative Action Programs
The Supreme Court’s Position
Affirmative Action: The Moral Issues
Arguments for Affirmative Action
Arguments against Affirmative Action
Comparable Worth
Sexual Harassment
The Definition of Sexual Harassment
Dealing with Sexual Harassment
Study Corner
Key Terms and Concepts
Points to Review
For Further Reflection.
Case 11.1: Minority Set-Asides
Case 11.2: Hoop Dreams
Case 11.3: Raising the Ante
Case 11.4: Consenting to Sexual Harassment
Case 11.5: Facial Discrimination
Reading 11.1: A Defense of Programs of Preferential Treatment
Reading 11.2: Rethinking Sexual Harassment
Reading 11.3: Job Discrimination and Gay Rights
Suggestions for Further Reading
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