Urban Economics 9th Edition by Arthur O’Sullivan – Ebook PDF Instant Download/Delivery: 0077760335, 9780077760335
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ISBN 10: 0077760335
ISBN 13: 9780077760335
Author: Arthur O’Sullivan
Over the course of two decades, Urban Economics has achieved a worldwide audience, and has been translated into Chinese, Greek, Russian, and Korean. Like the eight previous editions, this edition provides a clear and concise presentation of the economic.
Urban Economics 9th Table of contents:
Part I: Introduction and Key Concepts
Chapter 1: Introduction
Urban Economics and Cities
Census Definitions
Urban Population
Metropolitan Area aka Core-Based Statistical Area
Principal City
References and Reading
Chapter 2: Key Concepts of Urban Economics
Opportunity Cost
Marginal Principle
Nash Equilibrium
Nash Equilibrium in a Model of Supply and Demand
Nash Equilibrium in Location
Nash Equilibrium and Spatial Variation in Prices
Comparative Statics
Comparative Statics for Choice Variables
Comparative Statics for Market Equilibrium
Pareto Efficiency
Pareto Efficiency in an Exchange Economy
Market Equilibrium and Pareto Efficiency
Pareto Inefficiency in the Urban Economy
Self-Reinforcing Changes
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
Part II: Market Forces in the Development of Cites
Chapter 3: Trading and Factory Towns
A Model of Backyard Production
Comparative Advantage and a Trading Town
Comparative Advantage and Trade
Scale Economies in Exchange, Trading Firms, and Trading Towns
Trading Cities in Urban History
Scale Economies and a Factory Town
The Price of Factory Shoes
The Market Area of a Factory
Factory Towns
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 4: Agglomeration Economies
Agglomeration Economies
Sharing an Intermediate Input
Tapping a Common Labor Pool
Skills Matching
Sharing Knowledge
Other Benefits of City Size
Equilibrium Size of a Cluster
Agglomeration Diseconomies
Equilibrium vs. Efficient Cluster Size
Empirical Evidence and Examples
Empirical Evidence for Agglomeration Economies
Economic Effects of Million-Dollar Plants
Evidence of Knowledge Spillovers
Single-Industry Clusters
Corporate Headquarters and Functional Specialization
Agglomeration and the Product Cycle: The Radio Industry in New York
Nursery Cities
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 5: Where Do Cities Develop?
Transport-Intensive Firms
Resource-Oriented Firms
Market-Oriented Firms
The Principle of Median Location
Illustration: Intercity Location Choice
The Median Location and Large Cities
Transshipment Points and Port Cities
Labor, Energy, and Agglomeration Economies
Labor Cost
Energy Technology
Agglomeration Economies
U.S. Manufacturing Belt—Growth and Decline
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 6: Consumer Cities and Central Places
Monopolistic Competition in Location
Structure of Monopolistic Competition
Effects of Market Entry
Cities as Entertainment Machines
Minimum Market Size
City Size and Product Variety
Cities as Entertainment Machines
Central Place Theory
Simplifying Assumptions
The Central Place Hierarchy
Insights from Central Place Theory
Relaxing the Assumptions
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 7: Cities in a Regional Economy
Urban Utility and City Size
The Urban Utility Curve
Regional Equilibrium: Cities Are Not Too Small
Regional Equilibrium: Cities May Be Too Large
Regional Equilibrium: Efficient Cities?
Differences in City Size
Equilibrium City Sizes in a Regional Economy
The Rank-Size Rule
Urban Economic Growth
Innovation and Regionwide Utility
Human Capital and Economic Growth
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 8: The Urban Labor Market
Urban Labor Supply and Demand
The Labor Supply Curve
The Labor Demand Curve
The Employment Multiplier
Multipliers in Small and Large Cities
Comparative Statics: Changes in Demand and Supply
Market Effects of an Increase in Labor Demand
Who Gets the New Jobs?
Market Effects of an Increase in Labor Supply
Simultaneous Changes in Demand and Supply
Public Policy: Taxes and Sports
Taxes and Firm Location Choices
Tax Incentive Programs
Geographically Targeted Subsidies: Empowerment and Enterprise Zones
Sport Stadiums and Mega-Events
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 9: The First Cities
Jericho
Catalhoyuk
Babylonia
The Ecological Setting
Religious Beliefs
Religious Offerings and Temple Enterprises
Transactions and Writing
References and Reading
Part III: Urban Land Use and Housing
Chapter 10: Land Rent and Manufacturing Land
Fertility and the Leftover Principle
Land Rent, Market Value, and the Price of Land
Willingness to Pay for Agricultural Land
Competition and the Leftover Principle
Manufacturing: Land Price and Location
Freight Cost versus Labor Cost
The Intracity Truck
Intercity Truck and Highways in a Beltway City
Manufacturing Rent and the Spatial Distribution of Manufacturing
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 11: Office Space and Tall Buildings
The Price of Office Space
Interaction Travel Cost for Office Firms
Willingness to Pay for Office Space
Labor Accessibility, Wages, and the Willingness to Pay for Office Space
Office Subcenters
Building Height and Land Prices
The Price of Office Space and Building Height
Profit-Maximizing Building Height
The Willingness to Pay for Land
Input Substitution
Skyscraper Games
A Model of Competition to Be the Tallest
Nash Equilibrium versus Pareto Efficiency
The Spatial Distribution of Office Activity
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 12: Housing Prices and Residential Land Use
Job Accessibility
Utility Maximization with Commuting Cost and Housing
Commuting Distance and the Price of Housing
The Convex Housing-Price Curve
The Algebra of the Convex Housing-Price Curve
Job Accessibility within a Metropolitan Area
Crime, Environmental Quality, Schools
Crime and Housing Prices
Air Quality and Housing Prices
School Productivity and Housing Prices
Housing Production and the Price of Residential Land
Profit-Maximizing Quantity of Housing
The Price of Residential Land
Population Density
Sources of Variation in Population Density
Population Density within Cities
Population Density across Cities
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 13: Spatial Distribution of Employment and Residence
The Spatial Distribution of Employment and Residence
Commuting Patterns
Five-Kilometer Shares and Median Locations
Employment Density
Employment Subcenters
Suburbanization and Sprawl
Decentralization of Population
Sprawl and Density Facts
The Consequences of Low Density
Policy Responses to Sprawl?
Review and Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 14: The Monocentric City and Urban General Equilibrium
The Monocentric Model
The Industrial Revolution and the Monocentric City
Land Use in the Monocentric City
Centralized Employment
General-Equilibrium Model
Interactions between the Land and Labor Markets
The General Equilibrium Effects of the Streetcar
The Streetcar and Land Rent
Changes in Employment and Residential Density
The General Equilibrium Effects of Rising Sea Level
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 15: Neighborhoods
Segregation: Income, Education, Race
Income Segregation
Education Segregation
Racial Segregation
Sorting for Local Public Goods
Diversity in Demand for Local Public Goods
Diversity in the Demand for the Taxed Good
Bidding for Favorable Neighbors
A Model of Bidding for Favorable Neighbors
Mixing and Perfect Integration
Land Prices and Locational Equilibrium
Lot Size and Public Policy
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 16: Land Use Policy
Zoning: History & Legal Basis
A Brief History of Zoning in the United States
The Legal Basis for Zoning
The Role of Zoning
Zoning to Mitigate Environmental Externalities
Zoning to Prevent Fiscal Deficits
Zoning to Mitigate Density Externalities
The Market Effects of Low-Density Zoning
Limits on Residential Development
Limits on Building Permits
Development Taxes
Growth Boundary
The Market Effects of Land-Use Regulations
Growth Control and Labor Markets
Residential Limits and the Urban Economy
An Urban Growth Boundary and the Regional Economy
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 17: Urban Housing and Public Policy
Filtering: Durability and Submarkets
The Filtering Model of Housing
Supply of High-Quality Housing
Supply of Low-Quality Housing
Applying the Filtering Model: Limit on Building Permits
Filtering and Gentrification
Supply-Side Public Policy
Public Housing
Subsidies for Private Housing
Filtering and Crowding Out
Demand-Side Public Policy
Housing Vouchers and Efficiency
The Market Effects of Vouchers
Subsidies for Mortgage Interest
Homelessness and Public Policy
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Part IV: Urban Transportation
Chapter 18: Cars and Roads
Congestion Externalities
The Cost of Travel: External, Private, and Social
Market Equilibrium vs. Efficient Outcome
The Congestion Tax
Implementing a Congestion Tax
Implementing a Congestion Tax
Value Pricing and HOT Lanes
Environmental Externalities
Externality Tax versus Gasoline Tax
The Market Effects of a Gasoline Tax
Externalities from Traffic Accidents
Social Cost of Traffic Accidents
Inefficiency from Underpricing Accident Costs
Safety Equipment and Risk Compensation
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 19: Urban Public Transit
Modal Choice: Individual Traveler
Trip Cost for Alternative Modes
A Numerical Example of Modal Choice
Elasticities of Demand for Public Transit
The Cost and Pricing of Public Transit
Cost Curves for Transit Systems
Efficient Ridership and Pricing
Transit Subsidies
Choosing a Transit System
Ridership and Average Cost
Light Rail versus Buses
Privatization
Transit Systems and Land-Use Patterns
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Part V: Local Government, Education, and Crime
Chapter 20: The Role of Local Government
Role of Local Government
Three Roles for Government
Local Government in a Federal System
Local Public Goods: Efficiency and Mechanisms
The Efficient Level of a Local Public Good
Majority Rule and the Decisive Median Voter
Benefit Taxation
The Tiebout Model: Voting with Feet
A Closer Look at the Median-Voter Result
The Median Voter in a Representative Democracy
Implications of the Median-Voter Result
Limitations of the Median-Voter Result
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 21: Local Government Revenue
The Property Tax
A Simple Model of the Residential Property
The Land Portion of the Property Tax
Structure Portion: Partial-Equilibrium
Structure Portion: A General-Equilibrium Approach
Changing the Assumptions
From Models to Reality
Rental Property Owners and Homeowners
Practical Guide for Policy Makers
The Tiebout Model and the Property Tax
Property Tax Limitations
Intergovernmental Grants
Lump-Sum Categorical Grants
Matching Grants
The Flypaper Effect
Welfare Reform: Matching Grants to Lump-Sum Grants
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 22: Education
Spending and Achievement
The Education Production Function
Peer Effects
School Inputs: The Value-Added of Teachers
School Inputs: Teachers and Class Size
Teacher Compensation and Productivity
Innovations in Charter Schools
Overall Effects of Educational Spending
Spending Inequalities and Public Policy
Intergovernmental Grants: Foundation Plans
Response to a Foundation Grant
Matching Grants: Guaranteed Tax Base
Effects of Equalization Plans on Spending and Achievement Inequalities
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 23: Crime and Public Policy
Crime Facts
A Model of the Rational Criminal
Expected Utility from Crime
Certainty Equivalent and the Crime Decision
Income and Criminal Behavior
Anguish Costs and Internal Penalties
Insights from Neuroscience
Public Policy and Crime
Investment in Human Capital
The Certainty of Punishment
The Severity of Punishment
The Role of Prisons
The Efficient Level and Mix of Crime
The Efficient Amount of Crime
Occupational Choice and Marginal Deterrence
Review the Concepts
Apply the Concepts
References and Reading
Chapter 24: Models of Microeconomics
Input Choice: Cost Minimization
Production Function and Isoquants
Production Cost and Cost Minimization
Input Substitution
Consumer Choice
Utility Maximization
Individual and Market Demand Curves
Perfect Competition: Supply and Demand
Long-Run Supply Curve for Constant-Cost Industry
Long-Run Equilibrium for a Constant-Cost Industry
The Long-Run Equilibrium for an Increasing-Cost Industry
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Tags: Urban Economics, Arthur Sullivan, Cities, Marginal Principle