Veterinary Reproduction Obstetrics 10th Edition by David Noakes, Timothy Parkinson, Gary England ISBN 0702072338 978-0702072338

Part 1 Basic Physiology

Introduction

1 Reproductive Physiology of the Female

The Oestrous Cycle and Its Phases

The Horse

The Cow

The Sheep

The Goat

The Pig

The Dog

The Cat

References

2 Reproductive Physiology of Male Animals

Anatomy of the Male Reproductive System

Development of the Male Reproductive System

Physiology of the Testis

Physiology of the Epididymis

Physiology of the Accessory Glands

The Penis

Libido and Mating Behaviour

References

3 Puberty and Seasonality

Puberty and the Onset of Cyclic Activity

Melatonin, Puberty and Seasonality

The Role of Kisspeptin in the Onset of Puberty and Seasonality

Other External Factors Influencing the Time of Onset of Puberty and Seasonality

Puberty and Seasonality: A Species Overview

Artificial Induction of Puberty and Seasonality

References

4 Fertilisation and Development of the Conceptus

Development of the Conceptus

Relationship Between Fetal Membranes of Twins and Multiple Fetuses

Fetal Movements During Pregnancy

Fetal Growth and Size

References

5 Pregnancy and Its Diagnosis

Maternal Recognition of Pregnancy

Pregnancy Diagnosis

Pregnancy and Its Detection in the Horse

Pregnancy and Its Detection in Cattle

Pregnancy and Its Detection in the Pig

Pregnancy and Its Detection in the Sheep and Goat

Pregnancy and Its Detection in the Dog

Pregnancy and Its Detection in the Cat

Prevention and Termination of Pregnancy

References

6 Parturition and the Care of Parturient Animals and the Newborn

Parturition

Care of the Newborn

References

7 Physiology of the Puerperium

Cattle

Horse

Sheep and Goat

Pig

Dog

Cat

References

8 Pharmacological Agents in the Control of Reproduction

Non-Exogenous Hormone Methods

Hormonal Control of the Oestrous Cycle

Immunological Methods

References

Part 2 Gestation and Pathology of Gestation

Introduction

9 Abnormalities of Development and Pregnancy

Introduction

Abnormal Development Due to Genetic Disorders: Mutations and Chromosome Abnormalities

Abnormalities Due to Environmental Effects: Dietary and/or Toxic Disorders

Abnormal Development Due to Infections

Abnormalities Due to Uncertain Aetiologies, Including Fetal Monsters, Dropsies, Abortion, Maceration, and Mummification

References

10 Prolapse of the Cervix and Vagina

Sheep

Cattle

Pigs

Dogs

References

Part 3 Obstetrics and Surgery of the Reproductive System

Introduction

11 Approach to an Obstetrical Case

Causes and Classification of Dystocia

History and General Examination

Obstetrical Equipment

Consideration of Treatment

References

12 Prevalence, Causes and Consequences of Dystocia

Introduction

Prevalence

Aetiology

Consequences of Dystocia

Prevention

References

13 Maternal Dystocia

Defects of the Birth Canal

Defects of Expulsive Forces

References

14 Fetal Dystocia in Livestock

Manipulative Delivery per vaginam

Dystocia Due to Postural Defects: Anterior Presentation

Dystocia Due to Postural Defects: Posterior Presentation

Dystocia Due to Faulty Position

Dystocia Due to Faults of Presentation

Dystocia Due to Twins

Dystocia Due to Fetomaternal Disproportion

Dystocia Due to Fetal Monsters

References

15 Defects of Presentation, Position and Posture in Livestock

Indications

Instrumentation

Subcutaneous Fetotomy

Percutaneous Fetotomy

References

16 Defects of Presentation, Position and Posture in Livestock

Cattle

Sheep, Goats, and Deer

Horse

Pig

Llamas and Alpacas

References

17 Disorders of Parturition and the Puerperium in the Gilt and Sow

Overview: Causes and Incidence Rates of Porcine Dystocia

Dystocia Due to Obstructive Causes

Inadequate Expulsive Force

Management

Obstetrical Examination

Disturbed Parturition and the Neonatal Piglet

Abnormal Parturition and Reproductive Health

References

18 Manipulative Delivery per vaginum in Dogs and Cats

Introduction

Digital Manipulations

The Use of Instruments

Delivery by Forced Traction

After Delivery

References

19 Caesarean Hysterotomy in Dogs and Cats

Introduction

Pregnancy Length and Predicting Parturition

Indication for Caesarean Hysterotomy

References

20 Injuries and Diseases Consequent Upon Parturition

Trauma to the Birth Canal and Neighbouring Structures

Postparturient Prolapse of the Uterus

Parturient Recumbency

References

21 Castration and Cryptorchid Surgery

Castration of the Male Horse

Cryptorchid Surgery in the Horse

Castration (Ovariectomy of the Female (Mare) Horse

References

Part 4 Subfertility

Introduction

22 Infertility in the Cow Due to Functional and Management Deficiencies

General Considerations

Prevalence and Cost of Infertility

Overview of the Causes of Infertility

Structural Causes of Infertility in the Individual Cow

Functional Infertility

Stockmanship and Management

Other Factors Affecting Reproductive Performance

References

23 The Metritis Complex in Cattle

Introduction

Defining the Diseases of the Postpartum Uterus

The Postpartum Period

Diseases of the Postpartum Uterus

Conclusions and Outlook

References

24 Specific Infectious Diseases Causing Infertility and Subfertility in Cattle

Bacterial Agents

Mycoplasma, Ureaplasma, Acholeplasma, and Chlamydia Infections

Protozoal Agents

Viral Agents

Fungal Agents (Mycotic Abortion)

Diseases of Unknown Aetiology

References

25 Veterinary Control of Herd Fertility in Intensively Managed Dairy Herds

Introduction

Evaluation of Herd Fertility

The Economics of Reproduction

Veterinary Management of Reproduction

References

26 Veterinary Control of Herd Fertility in Pastoral Dairy Herds

Key Issues Affecting Reproductive Performance

Monitoring Herd Fertility

Autumn or Split Block Calving

References

27 Veterinary Control of Reproduction in Beef Herds

Basic Economics and Targets of Suckler Beef Calf Production

Theory of Beef Cattle Reproduction

Practical Management of a Compact Mating Period

Other Factors Affecting Beef Suckler Herd Reproductive Performance

Artificial Breeding Management of Beef Suckler Herds

References

28 Fertility and Infertility in Bos indicus

Introduction

Physiological Differences in the Oestrous Cycle of B. taurus and B. indicus

Nutritional and Metabolic Effects on Normal Reproductive Physiology and Reproductive Performance

Influence of Dry Matter or Energy Intake Associated With High Plasma Insulin Concentrations on the Yield and Quality of Embryos

Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ARTs) Applied to B. indicus

References

29 Infertility and Abortion in Sheep and Goats

Sheep

Goats

References

30 Management of Breeding in Small Poultry Production Units

Anatomy of the Female Reproductive System

Female Reproductive Physiology

Male Reproductive Anatomy

Male Reproductive Physiology

Sperm Storage

Fertilisation

Sex Determination

Egg Development

Brooding/Broodiness

Moulting

Hatchery Management

Sexing

Failure to Lay/Egg Drop

Fertility Issues

Infectious Causes of Reproductive Disorders

Abnormal Eggs/Seconds

Late Fetal and Chick Pathology

References

31 Equine Infertility and Stud Medicine Practice

Causes of Infertility

Infertility Classified by Anatomical Location

References

32 Infertility in the Pig and the Control of Pig Herd Fertility

Methods for Examining the Reproductive System of the Subfertile/Infertile Gilt/Sow

Causes of Subfertility/Infertility

Reproductive Management to Ensure Optimum Fertility

References

33 Infertility in the Bitch and Queen

The Bitch

Function Abnormalities of the Bitch’s Reproductive Tract

Infectious Agents of the Bitch’s Reproductive Tract

Management Factors Affecting Fertility of the Bitch

Cat

Functional Abnormalities of the Queen’s Reproductive Tract

Infectious Agents Affecting the Queen’s Reproductive Tract

Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia and Pyometra

Management Factors Affecting Fertility of the Queen

References

34 Pharmacological Control of Reproduction in the Dog and Cat

Female

Testing Reproductive Function

Male

References

Part 5 Male Animal

Introduction

35 Evaluation of the Fertility of Breeding Males

Overall Approach

How to Conduct a Breeding Soundness Examination

Overall Determination of the Likely Fertility of a Breeding Male

References

36 Abnormalities Affecting Reproductive Function of Male Animals

Abnormalities of Coitus

Conditions Causing Failure of Fertilisation

References

Part 6 Reproduction, Breeding, Reproductive Disease and Infertility in Less Common Domestic Species

Introduction

37 Old and New World Camelids

South American Camelidae

Camels

References

38 Buffalo and Related Species

Reproduction in the Female

Reproduction in the Male

Fertility and Infertility

References

39 Deer

Distribution and Diversity of Cervids

Seasonality versus Aseasonality

Nonpregnant Female

Pregnant Hind

Reproduction in the Stag

Assisted Reproductive Technologies

Reproductive Productivity of Farmed Red Deer

Conclusions

References

40 Laboratory and Pet Rodents, and Lagomorphs

Sexing

Anatomy

Normal Reproductive Cycles

Reproductive Diagnostics for Small Mammals

Noninfectious Diseases

Disorders of the Oestrous Cycle

Fetal Resorption, Abortion, and Stillbirth

Periparturient Problems and Dystocia

Neoplasia

Miscellaneous Reproductive Disorders

Infectious Disorders

Drugs Used to Manipulate the Reproductive Cycle in Small Mammals

References

41 Veterinary Control of Reproduction in Rodent Colonies

Criteria for Successful Breeding in Small Rodents

Macro and Micro Environment

Nutrition

Effective Management & Record Keeping

Troubleshooting: Problems With Breeding

Maximising Production for Commercial Breeding

Conclusion

References

42 Elephants

Female Reproduction

Male Reproduction

Clinical Examination of the Reproductive System

Reproductive Examination Tools

Obstetrical Disorders

Female Infertility

Male Infertility

Captive Breeding

References

Part 7 Assisted Reproduction

Introduction

43 Artificial Insemination

Advantages and Disadvantages of Artificial Insemination

Preparation of Semen for Use in Artificial Insemination

Spermatozoa Selection

Diseases Transmissible in Semen

Artificial Insemination of Cattle

Artificial Insemination of Sheep

Artificial Insemination of Goats

Artificial Insemination of Pigs

Artificial Insemination of Horses

Artificial Insemination of Dogs

Artificial Insemination of Cats

References

44 Embryo Transfer and Other Assisted Reproductive Technologies

Introduction

Superovulation, Insemination and Recipient Synchronisation

Embryo Collection and Transfer

Oocyte Collection by Use of Ultrasound

In vitro Embryo Production

In vivo-derived versus In vitro-produced Embryos and Advanced Quality Measurements

Cryopreservation of Oocytes and Embryos

Additional Embryo Manipulations

Consequences of In vitro Handling of Gametes

Sex Determination and Genotyping of Embryos

Biosecurity Precautions

References

Index